846 resultados para workplace accidents and incidents


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Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

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There has been growing interest in occupational stress in the nursing context, both in New Zealand and internationally. This article takes a critical approach to the literature on nursing stress by examining the implications of a body of research largely informed by a theoretical approach which highlights the individual. In spite of evidence that the main sources of stress for nurses are related to workplace conditions, the focus is on the individual nurse and his/her personal response to stress. This approach encourages the development of interventions where the objectives are the individual management of stress, and thereby consolidates nurses' perceptions of powerlessness. Alternatives to these palliative measures, such as highlighting the legal obligations for employers to provide a safe workplace or collective industrial action for change, are glaringly absent in the literature. The importance of such an approach is supported by recent findings from the United States on the advantages of hospitals which promote nurses' autonomy and control.

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The present study addresses the call for theory-based investigations on workplace familism. It contributes to the literature by proposing and testing the moderating role of workplace familism between psychological contract breach and civic virtue behaviour. We surveyed 267 full-time employees and found main effects of both types of workplace familism (i.e. workplace organisational and workplace supervisor familism) and breach of relational obligations on civic virtue behaviour. Workplace supervisor familism also moderated the relationship between breach and civic virtue behaviour, with the negative relationship between breach and civic virtue behaviour stronger when workplace supervisor familism was high. This suggests that employees with a high level of workplace supervisor familism may feel a sense of betrayal and, therefore, respond more negatively to contract breach. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.

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Purpose - One of the principal organizational developments in the last decade has been the pervasive influence of computer mediated communication (CMC) tools. The purpose of this paper is to closely interrogate the day-to-day role of e-mail in explicating, influencing and shaping social and information interactions within an organization. Design/methodology/approach - A series of in-depth interviews (n = 29) were undertaken to elicit employee opinions on their e-mail adaptation, experiences and practices. Findings - The paper provides insights into the polymorphic role of e-mail, particularly the way in which it is adapted by individuals within the organization. Specifically, it shows how this tool interacts within day-to-day work activities and tasks. Research limitations/implications - This paper investigates only one CMC tool, e-mail, although it is envisaged that this initial work will be used to raise a new understanding of the socially skilled adaptation of other CMC tools by employees as well as leaders. Practical implications- Previously unreported insights into employee opinion are delineated in order to provide a focus from which organizations can train and develop their employees and leaders to maximise knowledge creation within the organization. Originality/value - This study assesses CMC from an under-researched "real-life" perspective in which everyday interactions are used to understand employee reactions to e-mail communication and hence foster an atmosphere in which these interactions assist organizational development.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the criminal workplace activities of both employers and employees in Ukrainian enterprises. It challenges traditional definitions of corruption and suggests that the practices that can be observed fit into the category of organised crime because of the country's economic framework. The paper also explores how the practices are partially a legacy of Soviet economic processes. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 700 household surveys were completed in three cities, Kyiv (where 450 surveys were completed), Uzhgorod (150) and Kharkiv (100). To complement these, approximately 25 in-depth interviews were undertaken with workers in each region. Furthermore, ethnographic observations and “kitchen table” interviews also played an important role in the research. Although the research was oriented towards those working in informal economies, business owners (both formal and informal) were also interviewed. Findings – As well as revealing the endemic nature of corruption in Ukrainian workplaces and the high levels of informal activity undertaken by workers, the research found that many people wish for their workplace to become more regulated. Research limitations/implications – Further interviews could have been carried out with state officials and in more locations. The implications are multiple but mainly they demonstrate the difficulty that those charged with economic reform in Ukraine must face. Originality/value – It is one of the first studies to explore these issues in Ukraine using a variety of research methods.