Molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Switzerland: sampling only invasive isolates does not allow a representative description of the local diversity of clones.

We conducted a molecular study of MRSA isolated in Swiss hospitals, including the first five consecutive isolates recovered from blood cultures and the first ten isolates recovered from other sites in newly identified carriers. Among 73 MRSA isolates, 44 different double locus sequence typing (DLST) types and 32 spa types were observed. Most isolates belonged to the NewYork/Japan, the UK-EMRSA-15, the South German and the Berlin clones. In a country with a low to moderate MRSA incidence, inclusion of non-invasive isolates allowed a more accurate description of the diversity.

Development and evaluation of double locus sequence typing for molecular epidemiological investigations of Clostridium difficile.

Despite the development of novel typing methods based on whole genome sequencing, most laboratories still rely on classical molecular methods for outbreak investigation or surveillance. Reference methods for Clostridium difficile include ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, which are band-comparing methods often difficult to establish and which require reference strain collections. Here, we present the double locus sequence typing (DLST) scheme as a tool to analyse C. difficile isolates. Using a collection of clinical C. difficile isolates recovered during a 1-year period, we evaluated the performance of DLST and compared the results to multilocus sequence typing (MLST), a sequence-based method that has been used to study the structure of bacterial populations and highlight major clones. DLST had a higher discriminatory power compared to MLST (Simpson's index of diversity of 0.979 versus 0.965) and successfully identified all isolates of the study (100 % typeability). Previous studies showed that the discriminatory power of ribotyping was comparable to that of MLST; thus, DLST might be more discriminatory than ribotyping. DLST is easy to establish and provides several advantages, including absence of DNA extraction [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed on colonies], no specific instrumentation, low cost and unambiguous definition of types. Moreover, the implementation of a DLST typing scheme on an Internet database, such as that previously done for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( http://www.dlst.org ), will allow users to easily obtain the DLST type by submitting directly sequencing files and will avoid problems associated with multiple databases.

5-7-20, Spa, villa La Fraineuse : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59935

5-7-20, Spa, salle de la conférence [intérieur de la villa La Fraineuse] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59937

[Conférence de] Spa, [le] général Nollet : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59938

[Conférence de] Spa, le vicomte [Sutemi] Chinda : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59939

[5-7-20, conférence de] Spa, [le comte Sforza, M. Yves Le Trocquer et M.] Millerand : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59941

[5-7-20, conférence de] Spa, [M. François-Marsal], Lloyd George, [Léon] Delacroix, [le comte Sforza, M.] Millerand, [et M. Le Trocquer] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59942

5/7/20, [conférence de] Spa, délégation allemande, [Joseph Wirth, le chancelier Constantin] Fehrenbach, [et Walter] Simons : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59943

5-7-20, Spa, M. Millerand et M. [François-]Marsal : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59945

Spa, villa Fraineuse : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59948

5-7-20, Spa, salle de la conférence [intérieur de la villa La Fraineuse] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59936

5-7-20, Spa, délégués interalliés [dont] M. Lloyd George [et M. Léon Delacroix] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59940

5-7-20, Spa, [arrivée des] plénipotentiaires allemands : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59944

Spa, château de Neubois [résidence temporaire de la délégation française à la conférence de Spa] : [photographie de presse] / [Agence Rol]

Référence bibliographique : Rol, 59947