Copaiba oil effect under different pathways in mice subjected to sepsis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil administered by different routes on survival of mices subjected to cecal ligation and puncture. METHODS: Thirty two mice were distributed into four study groups (N=8): Sham group: normal standard animals; Control group: submitted a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP); Gavage group: submitted a CLP, and treat with copaiba oil by gavage; and Subcutaneous group: submitted a CLP, and treat with copaiba oil by subcutaneous injection. After the death of the histological analysis were performed. The Kaplan-Meier curves of surviving time were realized. RESULTS: All animals that received copaiba, regardless of the route used, survived longer when compared to the control group (p<0.0001), whereas the survival time ranged from 20 hours for the control group up to 32 hours for the animals of gavage group and 52 for subcutaneous group. The animals that received gavage copaiba lived about and about 20 hours unless the subcutaneous group (p=0.0042). There was no statistical difference when compared the intensity of inflammatory response (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Prophylactic subcutaneous administration of copaiba in mice subjected to severe sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture, resulted in a survival time higher than non-use or use of this oil by gavage.

Effect of copaiba oil in hepatic damage induced by acetaminophen in rats

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of copaiba oil on the hepatic damage induced by paracetamol. METHODS: Thirty six rats were distributed into six study groups (N=6): control group, that didn't receive the acetaminophen; Acetaminophen Group, that only received the acetaminophen; Prophylactic Copaiba Group 1, that received copaiba oil two hours before the acetaminophen; Prophylactic Copaiba Group 7, that received copaiba oil seven days, once by day, before the acetaminophen; Therapy Copaiba Group, that received the copaiba oil two hours afther the acetaminophen; and N-Acetyl-Cysteine Group, , that received the N-Acetyl-Cysteine two hours afther the acetaminophen. Euthanasia was performed after 24 hours. The serum levels of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, GT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin and histological analisis were analized. RESULTS: The prophylactic copaiba group 7, therapy copaiba group and N-Acetyl-Cysteine Group showed amounts of AST and ALT similar to the control group; and the prophylactic copaiba group 1 showed similar levels to the acetaminophen group. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the amount of alkaline phosphatase and GT (p>0.05). The therapy copaiba group showed the highest levels of bilirubin and was statistically different from the other groups (p<0.01) and this increased the costs of direct bilirubin. Regarding histopathology, the oil of copaiba administered prophylactic or therapeutic form for 7 days could decrease the amount of necrosis and inflammatory infiltrate. CONCLUSION: Copaiba oil administered prophylactically for seven days, and therapeutic could reduce liver damage caused by paracetamol similarly N-Acetyl-Cysteine, however, when treated with copaiba therapeutically showed increases in bilirubin, costs increasing fraction indirect.

Copaiba oil effect on experimental jaw defect in Wistar rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil on jaw defects repair in Wistar rats treated with bioglass or adipose tissue. METHODS: A jaw defect was randomly created in forty-two rats and filled with bioglass or adipose tissue. The two groups (Gbio and Gcell) were subdivided in three subgroups with seven animals each according to gavage administration: control (distillated water), oil (copaiba oil) and melox (meloxicam). Euthanasia was performed after forty post-operative days. The bone formation was analyzed regarding the histological aspects. RESULTS: The osteoclasts activity was observed only in four subgroups (p=0.78). Regarding the osteoblasts presence, it was very similar between the subgroups, the difference was due to Gcell-melox (p=0.009) that presented less osteoblastic activity. The inflammatory cells were more evident in Gcell-melox subgroup, however, there was no difference in comparison with the other subgroups (p=0.52). Bone formation was observed in all subgroups, just two animals showed no bone formation even after 40 days. More than 50% of bone matrix mineralization was observed in 56% (23 animals) of the analyzed areas. The bone matrix mineralization was not different between subgroups (p=0.60). CONCLUSIONS: The subgroups that received copaiba oil showed bone repair, although not statistically significant in comparison to subgroups treated whit meloxicam or controls. Copaiba oil administered by gavage had no effect on bone repair in this experimental model.

Effect of copaiba essential oil on broiler chickens' performance

Um estudo foi conduzido para avaliar os efeitos do óleo essencial de copaíba sobre o desempenho e rendimento de abate de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 450 pintos, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições de 15 aves. Os tratamentos consistiram em Controle (promotor comercial) e quatro níveis de óleo essencial de copaíba sendo estes 0,15 (0,15EO); 0,30 (0,30EO); 0,45 (0,45EO) e 0,60 mL (0,60EO) kg^-1 de ração. Aos 21 dias de idade, as aves do tratamento com promotor apresentaram peso corporal superior ao das aves que receberam os tratamentos com 0,30; 0,45 e 0,60 mL de inclusão de óleo essencial (p < 0,05). Aos 40 dias de idade apenas as aves que receberam o tratamento com maior nível de inclusão de óleo essencial apresentaram menor peso corporal em relação ao tratamento com promotor de crescimento. O consumo de ração, a conversão alimentar e a viabilidade das aves, assim como o rendimento de carcaça, cortes comerciais e peso dos órgãos internos não foram afetados pelos tratamentos (p > 0.05). Conclui-se que o óleo essencial de copaíba pode ser usado na ração até o nível de 0,15 mL kg^-1 sem afetar o desempenho das aves.

Influência da luz e temperatura em cavidades e canais secretores em plântulas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae): estudo anatômico e ultraestrutural

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Efeito da reidratação nos aspectos ecofisiológicos da Copaifera langsdorffii Desf

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Atividade alelopática de Copaifera langsdorffii DESF: abordagem fitoquímica e molecular

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Herdabilidade em caracteres de crescimento de populações fragmentadas da espécie arbórea copaifera langsdorffii (fabaceae)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Efeito da sazonalidade nos parâmetros ecofisiológicos de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Fabaceae-Caesalpinoideae) em Floresta Estacional Semidecídua

Os fatores ambientais podem causar estresse nas plantas acarretando alterações no metabolismo ou desenvolvimento, consequentemente modifica as condições ótimas que afetam o ciclo de vida e induz respostas em todos os níveis funcionais do organismo. A seca é um fator que tem grande influência nas plantas. Algumas espécies arbóreas desenvolveram mecanismos morfológicos, fisiológicos e bioquímicos para superar eventual suprimento inadequado de água. A espécie estudada, Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. está presente em formações vegetais de transição do cerrado stricto senso para a floresta semidecídua. Essa característica possibilita analisar respostas fisiológicas perante os efeitos sazonais da seca presente nestas formações florestais. O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar as respostas fisiológicas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. Em relação ao contraste hídrico característico de floresta estacional semidecídua. Para compreeender os efeitos desta sazonalidade avaliamos alguns parâmetros ecofisiológicos como Condutância Estomática (gs), Conteúdo Relativo de Água (Relative Water Content –RWC), Déficit Pressão de Vapor (DPV), potencial água foliar (Ψw) e fluorescência da clorofila. As avaliações foram feitas ao final da época úmida (FEU), final da época seca (FES) e início da época úmida (IEU) ao longo de 3 períodos do dia 5:00h (Predawn – PD), 12:00h (Midday – MD) e 17:00h (Afternoon – AF). Após as análises observamos queda de gs e aumento do DPV, valores constantes de RWC e Ψw foliar no FES. Mesmo em condições de déficit hídrico as plantas não apresentaram mecanismos de fotoinibição

Incorporação do trans-resveratrol em sistemas nanoestruturados: avaliação das ações antioxidante e despigmentante in vitro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Allelopathic potential and survey of natural seed bank under the canopy of Copaifera Langsdorffii Desf

The aim of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of soil samples collected under the canopies of three specimens of Copaifera langsdorffii the germination of Lactuca sativa and survey the natural seed bank according to seasonality. To test the allelopathic effect was carried experiments of pre and post-emergence with seeds of L. sativa and to quantify the stock of seeds, soil samples were collected from three specimens at three distances from the stem (1, 2 and 3 m) and at three depths (0-5, 5-10 and 10-15cm) in the region of savanna in the dry and wet seasons. The samples tested in bioassay of pre-emergence no significant influence on germinability, mean germination time and mean germination speed, but showed a difference in the synchronism of germination, these data were independent of sampling station. In test for post-emergence was observed statistical difference in the parameters evaluate (length of primary roots and hypocotyls) in both seasons. To quantify the natural seed bank were macroscopic analysis of each soil sample with the help of stereoscopic microscope. The analysis of the natural seed bank showed a larger number of seeds in the 0-5cm and in distance of 2m for both seasons. The results suggest the presence of allelochemical substances in soil samples collected under the canopy of Copaifera langsdorffii.

Loss of desiccation tolerance in Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. seeds during germination

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Validation of high-performance liquid chromatographic method for analysis of fluconazole in microemulsions and liquid crystals

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bacteriostatic effect of copaiba oil (Copaifera officinalis) against Streptococcus mutans

This study evaluated the inhibitory activity of copaiba oil (Copaifera officinalis against the cariogenic microorganism, Streptococcus mutans. For such purpose, a minimum inhibition concentration test of copaiba oil against S. mutans was performed, using the serial dilution in broth technique, with a negative control, a positive control (0.12% chlorhexidine) and a 10% copaíba oil solution as a test. A minimum bactericidal concentration test with tubes presenting microbial inhibition was also conduced. In the minimum inhibitory concentration test, copaiba oil showed inhibition of bacterial growth at all concentrations tested up to 0.78 µL/mL of the 10% copaiba oil solution in the broth. In addition, the negative control had no inhibition, and the 0.12% chlorhexidine solution was effective up to 6.25 µL/mL in the broth. Copaiba oil showed a bacteriostatic activity against S. mutans at low concentrations, and could be a an option of phytotherapic agent to be used against cariogenic bacteria in the prevention of caries disease.

Uso de carotenoides en dietas para reproductores de dorada (Sparus aurata): relaciones con otros nutrientes y su efecto en la calidad de la puesta

Las necesidades nutricionales de los reproductores de dorada han sido poco estudiadas, esto unido al comportamiento reproductor imprevisible y variable de las especies en cautividad, constituyen un importante factor limitante para la producción masiva de semilla. La adecuada alimentación de los reproductores no solo puede mejorar la calidad de huevos y espermatozoides sino también aumentar la producción de semilla. El objetivo general de este trabajo fue el de realizar una aproximación al efecto de la inclusión de sustancias bioactivas como los carotenoides, en la dieta de los reproductores de dorada (Sparus aurata),y su relación con otros micronutrientes (n-3 HUFA y vitamina E) sobre la calidad de la puesta de esta especie bajo condiciones de cultivo. Se evaluaron los efectos de dietas experimentales, sobre el número de huevos producidos, morfometría de los mismos, viabilidad, número de larvas eclosionadas y supervivencia larvaria, entre otros. En forma paralela se estudió, la composición bioquímica de los huevos y su relación con la dieta suministrada, y con la calidad de la puesta. Se realizaron una serie de experimentos, todos ellos con un diseño experimental muy similar entre sí, los objetivos específicos de los experimentos realizados fueron: evaluar el efecto de la utilización de carotenoides de distinto origen; determinar el requerimiento de carotenoides en dietas isoprotéicas e isolipídicas; evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de carotenoides y distintos niveles de n-3 HUFA y evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de Vitamina E y carotenoides en la dieta. Los resultados de este trabajo sugieren que la calidad de la puesta de la dorada puede mejorarse por la inclusión de carotenoides dietéticos. La inclusión de carotenoides, como el pimentón en polvo, de origen vegetal, produjo mejores resultados en la calidad de la puesta que la harina de langostino, de origen animal. Esto se podría deber al tipo de carotenoides que determinan también la calidad nutricional. La calidad de la puesta de la dorada puede mejorarse con la inclusión de entre un 1 y un 2 % de carotenoides, provenientes de pimentón comercial, en la dieta de los reproductores. Los niveles de n-3 HUFA en dietas para reproductores de esta especie podrían elevarse hasta un 3,5% cuando se complementan conjuntamente con carotenoides provenientes de oleorresina del pimentón y con vitamina E, mejorando así la calidad de la puesta.