927 resultados para image matching algorithm


Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Understanding the ecological role of benthic microalgae, a highly productive component of coral reef ecosystems, requires information on their spatial distribution. The spatial extent of benthic microalgae on Heron Reef (southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia) was mapped using data from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper sensor. integrated with field measurements of sediment chlorophyll concentration and reflectance. Field-measured sediment chlorophyll concentrations. 2 ranging from 23-1.153 mg chl a m(2), were classified into low, medium, and high concentration classes (1-170, 171-290, and > 291 mg chl a m(-2)) using a K-means clustering algorithm. The mapping process assumed that areas in the Thematic Mapper image exhibiting similar reflectance levels in red and blue bands would correspond to areas of similar chlorophyll a levels. Regions of homogenous reflectance values corresponding to low, medium, and high chlorophyll levels were identified over the reef sediment zone by applying a standard image classification algorithm to the Thematic Mapper image. The resulting distribution map revealed large-scale ( > 1 km 2) patterns in chlorophyll a levels throughout the sediment zone of Heron Reef. Reef-wide estimates of chlorophyll a distribution indicate that benthic Microalgae may constitute up to 20% of the total benthic chlorophyll a at Heron Reef. and thus contribute significantly to total primary productivity on the reef.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

In this paper we present results on the optimization of device architectures for colour and imaging applications, using a device with a TCO/pinpi'n/TCO configuration. The effect of the applied voltage on the color selectivity is discussed. Results show that the spectral response curves demonstrate rather good separation between the red, green and blue basic colors. Combining the information obtained under positive and negative applied bias a colour image is acquired without colour filters or pixel architecture. A low level image processing algorithm is used for the colour image reconstruction.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

We study employment by lotto (Aldershof et al., 1999), a matching algorithm for the so-called stable marriage problem. We complement Aldershof et al.'s analysis in two ways. First, we give an alternative and intuitive description of employment by lotto. Second, we disprove Aldershof et al.'s conjectures concerning employment by lotto for general matching markets.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Abstract Purpose: To test the hypothesis that simultaneous closure of at least 2 independent vascular territories supplying the spinal cord and/or prolonged hypotension may be associated with symptomatic spinal cord ischemia (SCI) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Methods: A pattern matching algorithm was used to develop a risk model for symptomatic SCI using a prospective 63-patient single-center cohort to test the positive predictive value (PPV) of prolonged intraoperative hypotension and/or simultaneous closure of at least 2 of 4 the vascular territories supplying the spinal cord (left subclavian, intercostal, lumbar, and hypogastric arteries). This risk model was then applied to data extracted from the multicenter European Registry on Endovascular Aortic Repair Complications (EuREC). Between 2002 and 2010, the 19 centers participating in EuREC reported 38 (1.7%) cases of symptomatic spinal cord ischemia among the 2235 patients in the database. Results: In the single-center cohort, direct correlations were seen between the occurrence of symptomatic SCI and both prolonged intraoperative hypotension (PPV 1.00, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.00, p = 0.04) and simultaneous closure of at least 2 independent spinal cord vascular territories (PPV 0.67, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.91, p = 0.005). Previous closure of a single vascular territory was not associated with an increased risk of symptomatic spinal cord ischemia (PPV 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.16, p = 0.56). The combination of prolonged hypotension and simultaneous closure of at least 2 territories exhibited the strongest association (PPV 0.75, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.75, p<0.0001). Applying the model to the entire EuREC cohort found an almost perfect agreement between the predicted and observed risk factors (kappa 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.90). Conclusion: Extensive coverage of intercostal arteries alone by a thoracic stent-graft is not associated with symptomatic SCI; however, simultaneous closure of at least 2 vascular territories supplying the spinal cord is highly relevant, especially in combination with prolonged intraoperative hypotension. As such, these results further emphasize the need to preserve the left subclavian artery during TEVAR.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

We present a feedback control scheme to stabilize unstable cellular patterns during the directional solidification of a binary alloy. The scheme is based on local heating of cell tips which protrude ahead of the mean position of all tips in the array. The feasibility of this scheme is demonstrated using phase-field simulations and, experimentally, using a real-time image processing algorithm, to track cell tips, coupled with a movable laser spot array device to heat the tips locally. We demonstrate, both numerically and experimentally, that spacings well below the threshold for a period-doubling instability can be stabilized. As predicted by the numerical calculations, cellular arrays become stable with uniform spacing through the feedback control which is maintained with minimal heating.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequence and a corresponding image processing algorithm to localize prostate brachytherapy seeds during or after therapy are presented. Inversion-Recovery with ON-resonant water suppression (IRON) is an MRI methodology that generates positive contrast in regions of magnetic field susceptibility, as created by prostate brachytherapy seeds. Phantoms comprising of several materials found in brachytherapy seeds were created to assess the usability of the IRON pulse sequence for imaging seeds. Resulting images show that seed materials are clearly visible with high contrast using IRON, agreeing with theoretical predictions. A seed localization algorithm to process IRON images demonstrates the potential of this imaging technique for seed localization and dosimetry.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Dental injuries are common and the incidence of maxillofacial injuries has increased over the recent decades in Finland. Accidental injuries are the global leading cause of death among children over the age of one year and among adults under the age of 40 globally. Significant resources and costs are needed for the treatment of these patients. The prevention is the most economical way to reduce trauma rates and costs. For the prevention it is crucial to know the prevalences, incidences and risk factors related to injuries. To improve the quality of treatment, it is essential to explore the causes, trauma mechanisms and management of trauma. The above mentioned was the aim of this thesis. With a large epidemiological cohort study (5737 participants) it was possible to estimate lifetime prevalence of and risk factors for dental trauma in general population (Study I). The prevalence of dental fractures was 43% and the prevalence of dental luxations and avulsions was 14%. Male gender, a history of previous non-dental injuries, mental distress, overweight and high alcohol consumption were positively associated with the occurrence of dental injuries Study II was conducted to explore the differences in type and multiplicity of mandibular fractures in three different countries (Canada, Finland and Kuwait). This retrospective study showed that the differences in mandibular fracture multiplicity and location are based on different etiologies and demographic patterns. This data can be exploited for planning of measures to prevent traumatic facial fractures. The etiology, management and outcome of 63 pediatric skull base fracture (Study III) and 20 pediatric frontobasal fracture patients (Study IV) were explored. These retrospective studies showed that, both skull base fracture and frontobasa fracture are rare injuries in childhood and although intracranial injuries and morbidity are frequent, permanent neurological or neuropsychological deficits are infrequent. A systematic algorithm (Study V) for computer tomography (CT) image review was aimed at clinicians and radiologists to improve the assessment of patients with complex upper midface and cranial base trauma. The cohort study was cross sectional and data was collected in the Turku and Oulu University Hospitals. A novel image-reviewing algorithm was created to enhance the specificity of CT for the diagnosis of frontobasal fractures. The study showed that an image-viewing algorithm standardizes the frontobasal trauma detection procedure and leads to better control and assessment. The purpose of the retrospective subcranial craniotomy study (VI) was to review the types of frontobasal fractures and their management, complications and outcome when the fracture is approached subcranially. The subcranial approach appears to be successful and have a reasonably low complication rate. It may be recommended as the technique of choice in multiple and the most complicated frontal base fractures where the endoscopic endonasal approach is not feasible.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Les cellules sont capables de détecter les distributions spatiales de protéines et ainsi de migrer ou s’étendre dans la direction appropriée. Une compréhension de la réponse cellulaire aux modifications de ces distributions spatiales de protéines est essentielle pour l’avancement des connaissances dans plusieurs domaines de recherches tels que le développement, l’immunologie ou l’oncologie. Un exemple particulièrement complexe est le guidage d’axones se déroulant pendant le développement du système nerveux. Ce dernier nécessite la présence de plusieurs distributions de molécules de guidages étant attractives ou répulsives pour connecter correctement ce réseau complexe qu’est le système nerveux. Puisque plusieurs indices de guidage collaborent, il est particulièrement difficile d’identifier la contribution individuelle ou la voie de signalisation qui est déclenchée in vivo, il est donc nécessaire d’utiliser des méthodes pour reproduire ces distributions de protéines in vitro. Plusieurs méthodes existent pour produire des gradients de protéines solubles ou liées aux substrats. Quelques méthodes pour produire des gradients solubles sont déjà couramment utilisées dans plusieurs laboratoires, mais elles limitent l’étude aux distributions de protéines qui sont normalement sécrétées in vivo. Les méthodes permettant de produire des distributions liées au substrat sont particulièrement complexes, ce qui restreint leur utilisation à quelques laboratoires. Premièrement, nous présentons une méthode simple qui exploite le photoblanchiment de molécules fluorescentes pour créer des motifs de protéines liées au substrat : Laser-assisted protein adsorption by photobleaching (LAPAP). Cette méthode permet de produire des motifs de protéines complexes d’une résolution micrométrique et d’une grande portée dynamique. Une caractérisation de la technique a été faite et en tant que preuve de fonctionnalité, des axones de neurones du ganglion spinal ont été guidés sur des gradients d’un peptide provenant de la laminine. Deuxièmement, LAPAP a été amélioré de manière à pouvoir fabriquer des motifs avec plusieurs composantes grâce à l’utilisation de lasers à différentes longueurs d’onde et d’anticorps conjugués à des fluorophores correspondants à ces longueurs d’onde. De plus, pour accélérer et simplifier le processus de fabrication, nous avons développé LAPAP à illumination à champ large qui utilise un modulateur spatial de lumière, une diode électroluminescente et un microscope standard pour imprimer directement un motif de protéines. Cette méthode est particulièrement simple comparativement à la version originale de LAPAP puisqu’elle n’implique pas le contrôle de la puissance laser et de platines motorisées, mais seulement d’envoyer l’image du motif désiré au modulateur spatial. Finalement, nous avons utilisé LAPAP pour démontrer que notre technique peut être utilisée dans des analyses de haut contenu pour quantifier les changements morphologiques résultant de la croissance neuronale sur des gradients de protéines de guidage. Nous avons produit des milliers de gradients de laminin-1 ayant différentes pentes et analysé les variations au niveau du guidage de neurites provenant d’une lignée cellulaire neuronale (RGC-5). Un algorithme pour analyser les images des cellules sur les gradients a été développé pour détecter chaque cellule et quantifier la position du centroïde du soma ainsi que les angles d’initiation, final et de braquage de chaque neurite. Ces données ont démontré que les gradients de laminine influencent l’angle d’initiation des neurites des RGC-5, mais n’influencent pas leur braquage. Nous croyons que les résultats présentés dans cette thèse faciliteront l’utilisation de motifs de protéines liées au substrat dans les laboratoires des sciences de la vie, puisque LAPAP peut être effectué à l’aide d’un microscope confocal ou d’un microscope standard légèrement modifié. Cela pourrait contribuer à l’augmentation du nombre de laboratoires travaillant sur le guidage avec des gradients liés au substrat afin d’atteindre la masse critique nécessaire à des percées majeures en neuroscience.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

L'objectif principal de ce travail est d’étudier en profondeur certaines techniques biostatistiques avancées en recherche évaluative en chirurgie cardiaque adulte. Les études ont été conçues pour intégrer les concepts d'analyse de survie, analyse de régression avec “propensity score”, et analyse de coûts. Le premier manuscrit évalue la survie après la réparation chirurgicale de la dissection aigüe de l’aorte ascendante. Les analyses statistiques utilisées comprennent : analyses de survie avec régression paramétrique des phases de risque et d'autres méthodes paramétriques (exponentielle, Weibull), semi-paramétriques (Cox) ou non-paramétriques (Kaplan-Meier) ; survie comparée à une cohorte appariée pour l’âge, le sexe et la race utilisant des tables de statistiques de survie gouvernementales ; modèles de régression avec “bootstrapping” et “multinomial logit model”. L'étude a démontrée que la survie s'est améliorée sur 25 ans en lien avec des changements dans les techniques chirurgicales et d’imagerie diagnostique. Le second manuscrit est axé sur les résultats des pontages coronariens isolés chez des patients ayant des antécédents d'intervention coronarienne percutanée. Les analyses statistiques utilisées comprennent : modèles de régression avec “propensity score” ; algorithme complexe d'appariement (1:3) ; analyses statistiques appropriées pour les groupes appariés (différences standardisées, “generalized estimating equations”, modèle de Cox stratifié). L'étude a démontrée que l’intervention coronarienne percutanée subie 14 jours ou plus avant la chirurgie de pontages coronariens n'est pas associée à des résultats négatifs à court ou long terme. Le troisième manuscrit évalue les conséquences financières et les changements démographiques survenant pour un centre hospitalier universitaire suite à la mise en place d'un programme de chirurgie cardiaque satellite. Les analyses statistiques utilisées comprennent : modèles de régression multivariée “two-way” ANOVA (logistique, linéaire ou ordinale) ; “propensity score” ; analyses de coûts avec modèles paramétriques Log-Normal. Des modèles d’analyse de « survie » ont également été explorés, utilisant les «coûts» au lieu du « temps » comme variable dépendante, et ont menés à des conclusions similaires. L'étude a démontrée que, après la mise en place du programme satellite, moins de patients de faible complexité étaient référés de la région du programme satellite au centre hospitalier universitaire, avec une augmentation de la charge de travail infirmier et des coûts.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

La technique d’empreinte génétique par rep-PCR, qui utilise des séquences d’ADN répétitives, a été utilisée pour mettre en évidence la présence de groupes d’Escherichia coli signatures pour divers poulaillers et d’évaluer leur évolution suite au détassement. L’amorce (GTG)5 a été utilisée pour générer des empreintes d’ADN de 522 isolats provenant de 7 poulaillers échantillonnés deux fois : juste avant et 5 jours après le détassement. Les empreintes d’ADN ont été analysées selon l’algorithme de correspondance de bandes de Jaccard. Les analyses de Jackknife des coefficients de similitude ont révélé qu’entre 73% et 93% des isolats ont pu être correctement regroupés selon leur poulailler d’origine. Un dendrogramme construit à partir des coefficients de similitude de Jaccard a groupé les isolats dans 42 grappes avec près de la moitié dans une seule grappe. Environ 80% des isolats ont été groupés dans les 6 plus grosses grappes. Quatre de ces grappes été constituées majoritairement d’isolats provenant d’un seul site. Ces grappes pourraient être des grappes signatures qui permettraient d’identifier des poulaillers en particulier. La comparaison des nombres de grappes présentes avant et après le détassement a révélé une variabilité de l’impact du détassement sur les populations fécales d’E. coli. Pour certains sites, il y avait peu d’agrégats présents tant avant qu’après le détassement alors que pour d’autres sites c’était le contraire. Quoique plus de recherches soient nécessaires afin de valider les conclusions, nos résultats suggèrent la présence de sous-populations signatures d’E. coli pour certains poulaillers et une réponse variable à l’effet du détassement.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Iris Recognition is a highly efficient biometric identification system with great possibilities for future in the security systems area.Its robustness and unobtrusiveness, as opposed tomost of the currently deployed systems, make it a good candidate to replace most of thesecurity systems around. By making use of the distinctiveness of iris patterns, iris recognition systems obtain a unique mapping for each person. Identification of this person is possible by applying appropriate matching algorithm.In this paper, Daugman’s Rubber Sheet model is employed for irisnormalization and unwrapping, descriptive statistical analysis of different feature detection operators is performed, features extracted is encoded using Haar wavelets and for classification hammingdistance as a matching algorithm is used. The system was tested on the UBIRIS database. The edge detection algorithm, Canny, is found to be the best one to extract most of the iris texture. The success rate of feature detection using canny is 81%, False Accept Rate is 9% and False Reject Rate is 10%.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This thesis takes an interdisciplinary approach to the study of color vision, focussing on the phenomenon of color constancy formulated as a computational problem. The primary contributions of the thesis are (1) the demonstration of a formal framework for lightness algorithms; (2) the derivation of a new lightness algorithm based on regularization theory; (3) the synthesis of an adaptive lightness algorithm using "learning" techniques; (4) the development of an image segmentation algorithm that uses luminance and color information to mark material boundaries; and (5) an experimental investigation into the cues that human observers use to judge the color of the illuminant. Other computational approaches to color are reviewed and some of their links to psychophysics and physiology are explored.

Relevância:

80.00% 80.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Large scale image mosaicing methods are in great demand among scientists who study different aspects of the seabed, and have been fostered by impressive advances in the capabilities of underwater robots in gathering optical data from the seafloor. Cost and weight constraints mean that lowcost Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) usually have a very limited number of sensors. When a low-cost robot carries out a seafloor survey using a down-looking camera, it usually follows a predetermined trajectory that provides several non time-consecutive overlapping image pairs. Finding these pairs (a process known as topology estimation) is indispensable to obtaining globally consistent mosaics and accurate trajectory estimates, which are necessary for a global view of the surveyed area, especially when optical sensors are the only data source. This thesis presents a set of consistent methods aimed at creating large area image mosaics from optical data obtained during surveys with low-cost underwater vehicles. First, a global alignment method developed within a Feature-based image mosaicing (FIM) framework, where nonlinear minimisation is substituted by two linear steps, is discussed. Then, a simple four-point mosaic rectifying method is proposed to reduce distortions that might occur due to lens distortions, error accumulation and the difficulties of optical imaging in an underwater medium. The topology estimation problem is addressed by means of an augmented state and extended Kalman filter combined framework, aimed at minimising the total number of matching attempts and simultaneously obtaining the best possible trajectory. Potential image pairs are predicted by taking into account the uncertainty in the trajectory. The contribution of matching an image pair is investigated using information theory principles. Lastly, a different solution to the topology estimation problem is proposed in a bundle adjustment framework. Innovative aspects include the use of fast image similarity criterion combined with a Minimum spanning tree (MST) solution, to obtain a tentative topology. This topology is improved by attempting image matching with the pairs for which there is the most overlap evidence. Unlike previous approaches for large-area mosaicing, our framework is able to deal naturally with cases where time-consecutive images cannot be matched successfully, such as completely unordered sets. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed methods is discussed and a comparison made with other state-of-the-art approaches, using a series of challenging datasets in underwater scenarios