Recursos alimentares explorados pelos cupins (Insecta: Isoptera)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência de substratos na formação dos porta-enxertos: limoeiro-Cravo (Citrus limonia Osbeck) e tangerineira-Cleópatra (Citrus reshni Hort. Ex Tanaka) em ambiente protegido

Visando a estudar o efeito do substrato na produção de porta-enxertos de limoeiro-Cravo e tangerineira-Cleópatra em tubetes sob ambiente protegido, conduziu-se este trabalho na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal-UNESP. O estudo foi realizado em ambiente coberto com sombrite preto sem proteção lateral, adotando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5x2, 4 repetições e 20 sementes por parcela. Utilizaram-se os substratos húmus de minhoca oriundo de esterco de curral (H%) e vermiculita média (V%), sendo S1=H0 V100; S2=H25 V75; S3=H50 V50; S4=H75 V25 e S5=H100 V0. Avaliaram-se o número de plântulas emergidas, altura das plantas, diâmetro do caule, massas fresca e seca de raiz e parte aérea. Observaram-se resultados estatisticamente significativos para diâmetro do caule, aos 104 e 118 dias após a semeadura (DAS) entre espécies, com superioridade de Cravo em relação a Cleópatra, porém não aos 132 DAS. Não foi constatada diferença significativa entre os substratos. Quanto à massa fresca de parte aérea, nenhuma diferença estatística ocorreu entre as espécies; porém, quanto aos substratos, S3 mostrou-se superior a S1, não diferindo, entretanto, dos demais. Embora a análise estatística não tenha mostrado diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos para os outros parâmetros analisados, S3 destacou-se entre os substratos testados.

Efeito de diferentes substratos na produção de mudas de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Shade level effects on yield and chemical composition of the leaf essential oil of Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miquel

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Enraizamento de estacas de azaléia tratadas com concentrações de ANA em diferentes substratos

De acordo com a necessidade de aumentar a produção de mudas de azaléia por meio da propagação vegetativa, em menor intervalo de tempo, foi proposto estudar os efeitos de diferentes substratos e concentrações de ANA (ácido naftalenoacético). O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 3X4 com três substratos (areia grossa lavada, casca de arroz carbonizada e húmus) e quatro concentrações de ANA na forma de pó (0; 2,5; 5,0 e 7,5%). Utilizaram-se estacas de 100 mm de comprimento retiradas da porção apical do ramo, sem gema apical e com corte em bisel na parte superior, deixando um par de folhas cortadas ao meio. Essas foram colocadas para enraizar em bandejas de isopor de 128 células, por um período de 90 dias, nas quais avaliaram-se: comprimento, superficie, volume e diâmetro radicular e a porcentagem de estacas enraizadas, sobreviventes, mortas e número de brotos. Pode-se concluir que a maior porcentagem de enraizamento foi obtida no substrato de casca de arroz carbonizada e com ANA na concentração de 5%.

Produção de mudas de essências florestais em diferentes substratos e acompanhamento do desenvolvimento em campo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of growing media and fertilizers on the early growth of Aechmea fasciata Bak

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

EVOLUTION PATTERNS OF THE SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER IN SOME AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO REGION

Several changes in the soil humus characteristics were observed after clearing the Central Brazil virgin forest. When compared with the original ''Cerrado'' forest, the soils from the agricultural systems showed increased values for cation exchange capacity, total organic matter and non-extractable humin. The humic acid fraction underwent some changes suggesting increased oxidation and decreased aliphatic content. The soil organic N tends to accumulate in the insoluble humus fractions.The above changes were much less intense when the virgin forest was transformed into pastures. Under these conditions, the most significant changes were the reduction of readily biodegradable soil organic matter fractions.In view of the intensity of the lixiviation processes in the area studied, the above changes may be connected with the reduction in aggregate stability observed in the cleared sites.In general, the characteristics of the humus formations in the ''Cerrado'' region suggested high resistance to external factors, which is in part attributed to the active insolubilization of humic colloids by the Al and Fe oxides. In the absence of erosive processes in the cleared sites, additional humus stability may conform both to selective biodegradation and/or lixiviation of the humic colloids, or to the effects of the fire used in soil management.

Germinação da semente e produção de mudas de cultivares de alface em diferentes substratos

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects of the combinations of substrata on germination and development of seedlings of lettuce cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a nursery, in Mato Grosso do Sul State University. There wend compared the following combinations of substrata: washed sand + earthworm humus (2: 1); manure bovine + earthworm humus (2: 1); Plantmax(R) + earthworm humus (2: 1); washed sand + Plantmax(R) (2: 1) and manure bovine + Plantmax(R) (2: 1), and three lettuce cultivars: Crespa sem cabeca, Americana Julia and Baba de Verao. The experimental design was entirely at random, in a 5x3 factorial outline, with four replications and 16 seeds perplot. There were considered for evaluation 10 central seedlings per plot. The characteristics evaluated were: germination percentage (%), index of germination speed (IVE) and dry mass of the whole seedling (g). For all the analyzed variables, the cultivars Baba de Verao and Crespa sem cabeca presented the best results. Manure + humus was the best substratum to obtain seedling with larger development (vigor), althout it did not increase IVE and germination percentage.

Composto e vermicomposto de lixo urbano na produção de mudas de oiti (Licania tomentosa (Benth)) para arborização

Compost and vermicompost, produced from organic fraction of municipal solid wastes were studied as components of potting media for Licania tomentosa (oiti) seedlings production. The objective was to achieve data to amplify the utilization of these products, in order to utilize them to ornamental and urban arborization species. Increasing rates of organic fertilizers were used until the total soil substitution from the potting media. There were no fitotoxic effects. Compost or vermicompost caused higher germination index of seeds and higher growth of plants. The study demonstrated that it is possible to utilize these products in other activities beyond aplication in agricultural soil, and it can generate new markets to this kind of organic fertilizer.

Influence of fertilizer on coumarin content and biomass production in Mikania glomerata sprengel

Mikania glomerata Sprengel leaf extracts have been used in cough syrup formulations due to the presence of active coumarin derivatives. Yields of such natural compounds in cultivated plants can be affected by several nutritional factors. To determine the effect of fertilization on biomass productivity, organ proportion and coumarin content, Mikania glomerata plants were submitted during one year to treatments with organic (humus or manure) and inorganic (different levels of nitrogen) fertilizers. Coumarin concentration was raised by organic fertilization, inorganic nutrients induced increased phytomass (stem and leaf) yield, however no fertilized plants showed enhanced leaf production.

Influência de fragmentos florestais nativos sobre os parâmetros químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de solos cultivados com cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interação entre as substâncias húmicas de sedimentos e metais potencialmente tóxicos: um estudo na Bacia Hidrográfica do Turvo/Grande

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de metodologia para extração de substâncias húmicas de turfas utilizando se hidróxido de potássio

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Formação de mudas de alface em bandejas preenchidas com diferentes substratos

This study was conducted in the Department of Horticulture and Experimentation at the University Jose do Rosario Vellano (UNIFENAS) in Alfenas-MG, Brasil in order to evaluate the formation of lettuce seedlings in trays filled with different substrates. The materials used to compose the substrates were pig bed base with wood shavings (M), pig bed with base coffee straw (C), earthworm humus (H) and commercial substrates Nutriorg (R) and Plantmax (R) The use of these pure substrates and various mixtures permitted the formation of 18 substrates that constituted the treatments. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three replications. The lettuce seedlings were formed with the lettuce cultivar Regina. The seeds were sown in trays with 128 cells filled with the substrates under study. Each experimental unit was compost of 64 cells. The conduct of the experiment was within a protective structure of 85 m 2, model chapel with transparent plastic cover 100 microns thickness, additives against ultraviolet rays. After 30 days of sowing, ten seedlings were harvested randomly within each experimental unit for evaluating the number of leaves and the plant height. It was also evaluated the fresh and dry mass of aerial part and fresh and dry mass of root. It was concluded that the substrate T1 - M met the best features for the formation of lettuce seedlings in trays of 128 cells.