Three-boson recombination at ultralow temperatures

The effects of trimer continuum resonances are considered in the three-body recombination rate of a Bose system at finite energies for large and negative two-body scattering lengths (a). The thermal average of the rate allows to apply our formula to Bose gases at ultra-low temperatures. We found a good quantitative description of the experimental three-body recombination length of cesium atoms to deeply bound molecules up to 500 nK. Consistent with the experimental data, the increase of the temperature moves the resonance peak of the three-body recombination rate to lower values of vertical bar a vertical bar exhibiting a saturation behavior. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Charm Production in Antiproton-Proton Annihilation

We study the production of charmed mesons (D) and baryons (Lambda(c)) in antiproton- proton ((p) over barp) annihilation close to their respective production thresholds. The elementary charm production process is described by either baryon/ meson exchange or by quark/ gluon dynamics. Effects of the interactions in the initial and final states are taken into account rigorously. The calculations are performed in close analogy to our earlier study on (p) over bar -> (Lambda) over bar Lambda and (p) over barp (K) over bar K by connecting the processes via SU(4) flavor symmetry. Our predictions for the (Lambda) over bar (c)Lambda(c) production cross section are in the order of 1 to 7 mb, i. e. a factor of around 10-70 smaller than the corresponding cross sections for (Lambda) over bar Lambda However, they are 100 to 1000 times larger than predictions of other model calculations in the literature. on the other hand, the resulting cross sections for (D) over barD production are found to be in the order of 10(-2) - 10(-1)mu b and they turned out to be comparable to those obtained in other studies.

Trajectory of virtual, bound and resonant Efimov states

The pole trajectory of Efimov states for a three-body alpha alpha beta system with alpha alpha unbound and alpha beta bound is calculated using a zero-range Dirac-delta potential. It is shown that a three-body bound state turns into a virtual one by increasing the alpha beta binding energy. This result is consistent with previous results for three equal mass particles. The present approach considers the n-n-(18)C halo nucleus. However, the results have good perspective to be tested and applied in ultracold atomic systems, where one can realize such three-body configuration with tunable two-body interaction.

Functional Analysis for Gauge Fields on the Front-Form and the Light-Cone Gauge

Constrained systems in quantum field theories call for a careful study of diverse classes of constraints and consistency checks over their temporal evolution. Here we study the functional structure of the free electromagnetic and pure Yang-Mills fields on the front-form coordinates with the null-plane gauge condition. It is seen that in this framework, we can deal with strictu sensu physical fields.

Low-Energy Scattering of Heavy-Light Mesons from Nucleons

We study the low-energy scattering of charmed (D) and strange (K) mesons by nucleons. The short-distance part of the interaction is due to quark-gluon interchanges derived from a model that realizes dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and confines color. The quark-gluon interaction incorporates a confining Coulomb-like potential extracted from lattice QCD simulations in Coulomb gauge and a transverse hyperfine interaction consistent with a finite gluon propagator in the infrared. The long-distance part of the interaction is due to single vector (rho, omega) and scalar (sigma) meson exchanges. We show results for scattering cross-sections for isospin I = 0 and I = 1.

Stochastic variational approach applied to 2, 3 and 4 alpha particles

A stochastic variational method is applied to calculate the binding energies and root-mean-square radii of 2, 3 and 4 alpha particles using an S-wave Ali-Bodmer potential. The results agree with other calculations. We discuss the application of the present method to study the universality in weakly-bound three and four-body systems in the context of ultracold atomic traps.

Cold-atom systems and the scaling limit

With perspective to applications of cold-atom systems, some aspects of few-body physics at very low energies will be reviewed. By exploring the possibilities of varying the two-body interaction via the Feshbach resonance mechanism, some recent results are reported for condensed systems in optical lattices.

Universal aspects of light halo nuclei

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dimensional Compactification and Two-Particle Binding

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Neutron-C-19 scattering near an Efimov state

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Universality and Scaling Limit of Weakly-Bound Tetramers

The occurrence of a new limit cycle in few-body physics, expressing a universal scaling function relating the binding energies of two successive tetramer states, is revealed by considering a renormalized zero-range two-body interaction in bound state of four identical bosons. The tetramer energy spectrum is obtained by adding a boson to an Efimov bound state with energy B-3 in the unitary limit (for zero two-body binding energy or infinite two-body scattering length). Each excited N-th tetramer energy B-4((N)) is shown to slide along a scaling function as a short-range four-body scale is changed, emerging from the 3+1 threshold for a universal ratio B-4((N))/B-3 = 4.6, which does not depend on N. The new scale can also be revealed by a resonance in the atom-trimer recombination process.

Possibility of collision between co-orbital asteroids and the Earth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Renormalization of the one-pion-exchange interaction

A renormalization scheme for the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction based on a subtracted T-matrix equation is proposed and applied to the one-pion-exchange potential supplemented by contact interactions. The singlet and triplet scattering lengths are given to fix the renormalized strengths of the contact interactions. With only one scaling parameter (μ), the results show an overall very good agreement with neutron-proton data, particularly for the observables related to the triplet channel. The agreement is qualitative in the 1 S0 channel. Between the low-energy NN observables we have examined, the mixing parameter of the 3S1-3D1 states is the most sensitive to the scale. The scheme is renormalization group invariant for μ → ∞. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Dynamical calculation of direct muon-transfer rates from thermalized muonic hydrogen to C6+ and O8+

Moun-transfer reactions from muonic hydrogen to carbon and oxygen nuclei employing a full quantum-mechanical few-body description of rearrangement scattering were studied by solving the Faddeev-Hahn-type equations using close-coupling approximation. The application of a close-coupling-type ansatz led to satisfactory results for direct muon-transfer reactions from muonic hydrogen to C6+ and O8+.

Scaling limit of virtual states of triatomic systems

Natural scales determine the physics of quantum few-body systems with short-range interactions. Thus, the scaling limit is found when the ratio between the scattering length and the interaction range tends to infinity, while the ratio between the physical scales are kept fixed. From the formal point of view, the relation of the scaling limit and the renormalization aspects of a few-body model with a zero-range interaction, through the derivation of subtracted three-body T-matrix equations that are renormalization-group invariant.