Análise da eficiência de contratos de serviços de elevada especificidade terceirizados pela petrobras

The definition of the boundaries of the firms is subject that has occupied the organizational theorists long ago, being the seminal work of Coase (1937) indicated as the trigger for one theoretical evolution, with emphasis on governance structures, which led to a modern theory of incomplete contracts. The Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) and Agency Theory arise within this evolution, being widely used in studies related to the theme. Empirically, data envelopment analysis (DEA) has established itself as a suitable tool for analysis of efficiency. Although TCE argues that specific assets must be internalized, recent studies outside the mainstream of theory show that, often, firms may decide, for various reasons, hire them on the market. Researches on transaction costs face with the unavailability of information and methodological difficulties in measuring their critical variables. There`s still the need for further methodological deepening. The theoretical framework includes classic works of TCE and Agency Theory, but also more recent works, outside the mainstream of TCE, which warn about the existence of strategies in use of specific assets that aren`t necessarily aligned with the classical ideas of TCE. The Brazilian oil industry is the focus of this thesis, that aimed to evaluate the efficiency of contracts involving high specificity service outsourced by Petrobras. In order to this, we made the categorization of outsourced services in terms of specificity, as well the description of services with higher specificity. Then, we verified the existence of relationship between the specificity of services and a number of variables, being found divergent results than those that are preached by the mainstream of TCE. Then, we designed a DEA model to analyze the efficiency in the use of onshore drilling rigs, identified among the services of highest specificity. The next step was the application of the model to evaluate the performance of drilling rigs contracts. Finally, we verified the existence of relationship between the efficiency of contracts and a number of variables, being found, again, results not consistent with the theory mainstream. Regarding to analyze of efficiency of drilling rigs contracts, the model developed is compatible with what is found in academic productions in efficiency of drilling rigs. The results on efficiency show a wide range of scores, with efficiencies ranging from 31.79% to 100%, being low the sample efficiency average. There is consonance between the model results and the practices adopted by Petrobras. The results strengthen the DEA as an important tool in studies of efficiency with possibility to use for analysis other types of contracts. In terms of theoretical findings, the results reinforce the arguments that there are situations in which the strategies of the organizations, in terms of use of assets and services of high specificity, do not necessarily follow what is recommended by the mainstream of TCE

Na especificidade, a evidência do impacto das intervenções do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação no doente com patologia respiratória crónica, no serviço de urgência

O presente estudo decorreu no serviço de urgência do Hospital do Espírito Santo de Évora – EPE, de Setembro de 2015 a Janeiro de 2016 e enquadra-se na área da prestação de cuidados especializados em enfermagem de reabilitação. É um estudo de caso, em que objeto de estudo é “A Intervenção do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação no doente com Patologia Respiratória Crónica”. A abordagem metodológica é mista pois trata-se de um caso de estudo que não é puramente qualitativo. A utilização de metodologia quantitativa com indicadores quantitativos permitirá uma melhor compreensão e visão global do caso apresentado. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza descritiva, transversal e não experimental pois tem como objetivo a recolha de dados observáveis e quantificáveis, num determinado período de tempo e não o controlo de fenómenos. População alvo: todos os utentes com Patologia Respiratória Crónica internados no Serviço de Observação no período de tempo referido anteriormente. Amostra: 4 utentes com média de idades de 78,0 anos dos quais 75% eram do sexo masculino e 25% do sexo feminino. Foram implementadas intervenções de enfermagem de reabilitação, nomeadamente, reabilitação funcional respiratória e motora, que demonstraram ser eficazes tendo-se obtido saturações periféricas de O2 de 96%, em média. Estes resultados traduzem-se em ganhos ao nível da capacidade respiratória permitindo o desenvolvimento de atividades de vida diária normais. Também foi possível a manutenção e potenciação das capacidades de mobilidade nestes utentes com uma média etária elevada e com algumas limitações físicas e/ou cognitivas o que, só por si, também traduz ganhos em saúde no que concerne à sua independência e melhoria da qualidade de vida. O Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação é claramente uma mais-valia no serviço de urgência pois ao colocar em prática uma dinâmica de desempenho voltado para os conhecimentos especializados adquiridos, criando ferramentas que permitam um desempenho estruturado dos cuidados, a promoção da sua continuidade, a sua avaliação e a produção de conhecimento científico baseado na evidência contribui para a redução do tempo de internamento o que se repercute na maior eficácia na Gestão de Unidades de Saúde.

Especificidade de evocação de memórias autobiográficas na perturbação de pânico um estudo à luz do modelo carfax

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

Dos claustros cistercienses portugueses: a especificidade de S. Bento de Cástris

A partir do significado do claustro para a arquitectura cisterciense, procura-se, numa perspectiva histórica e arquitectónica, analisar a aplicação dos princípios cistercienses no mosteiro feminino de S. Bento de Cástris.

Dos claustros cistercienses portugueses: a especificidade de S. Bento de Cástris

A partir do modelo definido pela Ordem de Ciser relativamente às funções dos claustros nos conjuntos edificados pela Ordem, será analisado o caso concreto do claustro do mosteiro cisterciense feminino de S. Bento de Cástris no que respeita à aplicação desse modelo.

Especificidade hospedeira na simbiose com rhizobium - feijão e influência de diferentes nutrientes.

Foram feitos quatro experimentos em casa de vegetação com a finalidade de estudar a especificidade hospedeira na simbiose de estirpes de Rhizobium, phaseoli com variedades de Faseolus vulgaris e a influência de vários nutrientes. Com os dados obtidos pudemos concluir que de fato existe um comportamento diferente na fixação de N das estirpes quando em simbiose com diferentes variedades. 0 molibdênio, que se mostrou indispensável na fixação do N, quando em excesso prejudicou mais o processo da simbiose do que o desenvolvimento das plantas. 0 K e o Mg foram prejudiciais para a simbiose e fixação do N, enquanto o Ca foi indispensável para um perfeito processamento da simbiose. Não houve diferença entre as variedades em relação a nutrição com estes elementos. 0 adubo nitrogenado entretanto agiu diferente mente na simbiose das variedades, inibindo a nodulação da variedade Bico 23 e não das outras.

Especificidade de uma variedade nativa de "alfafa do Nordeste" (Stylosanthes gracilis) na simbiose com Rhizobium sp.

1972

Especificidade na infecção de raízes por Azospirillum spp. em plantas com via fotossintética C3 e C4.

Resultados anteriores sobre a especificidade hospedeira na infecção de gramíneas com Azospirillum spp foram confirmados no presente trabalho, com maior número de espécies. No solo ocorreram as duas espécies de Azospirillum - A. brasilense e A. lipoferum - e, ainda estirpes denitrificantes (nir+) e não denitrificantes (nir-). Os isolamentos de raízes esterilizadas de cereais de clima temperado com via fotossintética C3 (trigo, cevada, aveia, e centeio), foram predominantemente da espécie. A. brasilense; e os de raízes esterilizadas de gramíneas tropicais com via C4 foram predominantemente da espécie A. lipoferum. Em ambos os casos parece que as plantas, especialmente as C3, apresentam seletividade para estirpes não denitrificantes. A única exceção nestas observações foi a cana-de-açúcar, que se comportou como os cereais temperados. Por outro lado, a tiririca, uma Cyperacea com via C4, foi infectada por A. lipoferum, como as gramíneas com via C4.

Qual a especificidade e sensibilidade do teste rápido da dengue e que tipos existem?

Resposta sistematizada para pergunta feita por médico, originada de teleconsultoria, sobre especificidade e sensibilidade do teste rápido da dengue. Reúne informações sobre exames sorológicos e laboratoriais que podem ser utilizados para confirmar o diagnóstico de dengue.

Estruturas factivas e padrões de extração

This paper investigates the relationship between structural and semantic properties of factive sentences and the pattern of extraction exhibited. It is argued that a classification as weak or strong island is unfeasible for what has been termed Factive Island. The kinds of structures allowed as factive complements are analyzed as well as their corresponding behavior concerning extraction. The common feature these structures show is their presuppositional character, which is derived from a selection requirement. I assume that factive predicates select a [+ specific] complement. The differences showed concerning extraction constitute a spontaneous effect from the structural way each construction may satisfy this requirement.

Avaliação in vitro do aparelho DIAGNOdent para diagnóstico oclusal

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and reliability of laser fluorescence measurements in relation to occlusal caries diagnosis. DIAGNOdent 2095 (Kavo, Biberach, Germany), which has been developed especially for caries diagnosis, was utilized. Five (5) teeth were examined in the pilot test; after that, ten (10) teeth were examined in order to calibrate both examiners. Data were obtained from 66 teeth (36 molars and 30 premolars), totalizing 144 sites identified through photographs of the occlusal surfaces. Reproducibility was evaluated in 10 teeth. The interexaminer Spearman correlation (r) was 0.89 and the intra-examiner, 0.93 and 0.97 (examiner A and B, respectively). Validation was carried out by histological examination (stereomicroscope). For the two examiners the sensitivity of the device was relatively high, varying from 0.81 to 1.00, while specificity varied according to which validation criterion was used (0.77 - 0.86: enamel lesion / 0.52 - 0.59: dentin lesion). It was concluded that DIAGNodent presented good capacity of identifying any alteration of the dental surface, nevertheless it presents the disadvantage of accomplishing many false-positive diagnosis when the validation criterion is dentin lesion.

Adaptação de protocolos invasivos e não invasivos para avaliações aeróbias e anaeróbias específicas ao basquetebol feminino

OBJECTIVE: To adapted the critical velocity (CV), RAST test and lactate minimum (LM) to evaluation of female basketball players. METHODS: Twelve well-trained female basketball players (19 ± 1yrs) were submitted to four intensities running (10 - 14 km/h) at shuttle exercise until exhaustion, applied on alternate days. The linear model 'velocity vs. 1/tlim' was adopted to determine the aerobic (CV) and anaerobic (CCA) parameters. The lactate minimum test consisted of two phases: 1) hiperlactatemia induction using the RAST test and 2) incremental test composed by five shuttle run (20-m) at 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 km/h. Blood samples were collected at the end of each stage. RESULTS: The velocity (vLM) and blood lactate concentration at LM were obtained by two polynomial adjustments: lactate vs. intensity (LM1) and lactate vs. time (LM2). ANOVA one-way, Student t-test and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. The CV was obtained at 10.3 ± 0.2 km/h and the CCA estimated at 73.0 ± 3.4 m. The RAST was capable to induce the hiperlactatemia and to determine the Pmax (3.6 ± 0.2 W/kg), Pmed (2.8 ± 0.1 W/kg), Pmin (2.3 ± 0.1 W/kg) and FI (30 ± 3%). The vLM1 and vLM2 were obtained, respectively, at 9.47 ±0.13 km/h and 9.8 ± 0.13 km/h, and CV was higher than vLM1. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the non-invasive model can be used to determine the aerobic and anaerobic parameters. Furthermore, the LM test adapted to basketball using RAST and progressive phase was effective to evaluate female athletes considering the specificity of modality, with high success rates observed in polynomial adjustment 'lactate vs. time' (LM2).

História, filosofia e sociologia da educação matemática na formação do professor: um programa de pesquisa

We present and discuss in this article some features of a research program whose central object of investigation is the way in which the recent fields of history, philosophy, and sociology of mathematical education could take part in a critical and qualified manner in the initial and continuing training of teachers in this area. For that, we endorse the viewpoint that the courses for mathematics teacher education should be based on a conception of specificity through which a new pedagogical project could be established. In such project those new fields of investigation would participate, in an organic and clarifying way, in the constitution of multidimensional problematizations of school practices, in which mathematics would be involved, and that would be guided by academic investigations about the issues that currently challenge teachers in the critical work of incorporation, resignification, production, and transmission of mathematical culture in the context of the school institution.

Comparison between the 1% and 2% ibopamine provocative test in primary open-angle glaucoma patients: sensitivity, specificity and tolerability

PURPOSE: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) rise in normal individuals and primary open-angle glaucoma patients and the safety and efficacy of ibopamine eye drops in different concentrations as a provocative test for glaucoma. METHODS: Glaucoma patients underwent (same eye) the ibopamine provocative test with two concentrations, 1% and 2%, in a random sequence at least 3 weeks apart, but not more than 3 months. The normal individuals were randomly submitted to one of the concentrations of ibopamine (1% and 2%). The test was considered positive if there was an IOP rise greater than 3 or 4 mmHg at 30 or 45 minutes to test which subset of the test has the best sensitivity (Se)/specificity (Sp). RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in any of the IOP measurements, comparing 1% with 2% ibopamine. The IOP was significantly higher at 30 and 45 minutes with both concentrations (p<0.001). The best sensitivity/specificity ratio was achieved with the cutoff point set as greater than 3 mmHg at 45 minutes with 2% ibopamine (area under the ROC curve: 0.864, Se: 84.6%; Sp:73.3%). All patients described a slight burning after ibopamine's instillation. CONCLUSION: 2% ibopamine is recommended as a provocative test for glaucoma. Because both concentrations have similar ability to rise IOP, 1% ibopamine may be used to treat ocular hypotony.

Flicker perimetry in healthy subjects: influence of age and gender, learning effect and short-term fluctuation

PURPOSE: To determine the mean critical fusion frequency and the short-term fluctuation, to analyze the influence of age, gender, and the learning effect in healthy subjects undergoing flicker perimetry. METHODS: Study 1 - 95 healthy subjects underwent flicker perimetry once in one eye. Mean critical fusion frequency values were compared between genders, and the influence of age was evaluated using linear regression analysis. Study 2 - 20 healthy subjects underwent flicker perimetry 5 times in one eye. The first 3 sessions were separated by an interval of 1 to 30 days, whereas the last 3 sessions were performed within the same day. The first 3 sessions were used to investigate the presence of a learning effect, whereas the last 3 tests were used to calculate short-term fluctuation. RESULTS: Study 1 - Linear regression analysis demonstrated that mean global, foveal, central, and critical fusion frequency per quadrant significantly decreased with age (p<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in mean critical fusion frequency values between males and females (p>0.05), with the exception of the central area and inferonasal quadrant (p=0.049 and p=0.011, respectively), where the values were lower in females. Study 2 - Mean global (p=0.014), central (p=0.008), and peripheral (p=0.03) critical fusion frequency were significantly lower in the first session compared to the second and third sessions. The mean global short-term fluctuation was 5.06±1.13 Hz, the mean interindividual and intraindividual variabilities were 11.2±2.8% and 6.4±1.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that, in healthy subjects, critical fusion frequency decreases with age, that flicker perimetry is associated with a learning effect, and that a moderately high short-term fluctuation is expected.