Efeitos da amonização sobre o valor nutritivo do feno de capim-braquiária

This work was conducted to determine the effects of ammoniation and supplementation on the nutritive value of signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf) hay. The hay was treated with anhydrous ammonia (3.0% DM) and introduced into the rations for sheep with 12.00% of CP, identified as T1 grass hay without NH3 + cotton seed meal; T2 = treated hay (3.0% de NH3); T3 = treated hay (3.0% de NH3) + com grain meal; T4 = hay + cotton seed meal + corn grain meal. nit: following coefficients of digestibility were determined for T1, T2, T3 e T4, respectively: DM (54.90; 55.50); 54.50; and 56.12%); NI)I: (51.36; 60.20; 55.30; and 48.35%); ADF (47.36; 58.66; 56.03; and 47.07%); hemicellulose (58.80; 63.32; 56.00; and 49.70%); cellulose (55.58; 71.80; 68.07; and 58.21%); lignin (10.10; 32.18; 31.74; and 0.72%) and protein (64.6; 59.36; 56.16; and 70. 15%). nle N balances for T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 5.69; 3.88; 3.90; and 8,82 g N/day. It was concluded that the ammoniation was equivalent to the vegetable protein supplementation in the rations. Furthermore, this treatment showed a greater potential to increase fiber digestion, particulary for ADF and cellulose.

O uso das pregas cutâneas e da circunferência muscular do braço no diagnóstico de desnutrição energético-protéica em pacientes adultos: estudo crítico.

The use of anthropometric measurements of triceps (TSF) and subscapular skinfolds (SSF) and mid-upper arm muscle circumference (MAMC) was examined as far as the diagnosis of energy-protein malnutrition (EPM) is concerned. The study was undertaken in five groups of patients (n = 231): arterial hypertension (AH, n = 63), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 17), hemodialyzed chronic renal failure (CRF, n = 19), critically ill patients with an acute event (CA, n = 42) and critically ill patients with chronic diseases (CCD, n = 90). The results were compared to those obtained in a group of healthy individuals (control group, n = 102). The control group and the group of patients were allocated in subgroups according to sex and age (less than 50 and more than 50 years). It was expected that significant differences would be found for the anthropometric values between the control subgroups and the COPD, the CRF and the CCD subgroups of patients. For the skinfold thicknesses (TSF and SSF), significant differences were found between CRF, CCD subgroups and the control subgroups under fifty years of age; however, the differences were not significant when the subgroups over fifty were analyzed. Concerning the MAMC, significant differences were found: 1 degree) between the CRF subgroups (males and females) and the control subgroups under fifty years of age; 2 degrees) between the CCD male subgroups (younger and older subgroups) and the respective control subgroups and 3 degrees) between the COPD and the control subgroups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Digestibilidade e tempo de trânsito gastrintestinal de dietas contendo níveis crescentes de fibra bruta para pacu

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing dietary fiber levels on the digestibility and gastrointestinal transit time (GTT) for pacu. The digestibility trial used 288 pacu in a completely randomized design, fed in aquaria and transferred to a modified Guelf-type feces collector, using the partial sampling method. The inert marker on the diets was chromic oxide (1%) to establish the diet digestibility. In the GTT assay, 288 pacu were distributed in 24 aquaria in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed with two colored diets - green and white - and feces color was determined after abdominal pressure. The white and green diets used 1% of titanium and chromic oxides, respectively. Total GTT was determined when all fish showed green feces. The apparent digestibility coefficients and GTT of diets decreased as dietary fiber levels increased. These results indicated that 9% dietary fiber can be used in pacu diets without negative effects on energy, protein, crude fiber and ether extract digestibility and GTT.

Reproductive technology in domestic carnivorous

Background: The delay in development of artificial reproduction techniques on carnivorous could be due to countless reasons, but the lack of commercial interest is probably the most important one. The majority of canines are small structures, canidae are extremely fertile and a great number of species are adapted to domestication or captivity. Finally, the canine gamete physiology presents a difficult adaptation of technology knowledge obtained from other species. Furthermore, domestic felines are animals of company and there is no interest in reproducing them in a large scale, as it has been observed in other domestic animals, however, besides of being a valuable model for the development of in vitro techniques, the domestic cat is also used as an embryo receptor for different species of small wild felines due to physiological similarities among them, in vitro embrionary development, Review: It was reviewed the main insights about the reproductive physiology in female dogs, in vitro oocytary maturation (IVM), pregnancy and conception rate with dogs' frozen/unfrozen semen and PIV in domestic cats. The majority of mammal oocytes restart meiosis spontaneously after ovulation and reaches MII in artificial environment; in an in vitro maturation system in bovines, around 90% of oocytes complete their maturation, although its development capacity can be reduced subsequently. The success of IVM in canidae have been limited, with maturation rate varying from 0 to 58%, usually around 20%. The greatest difficulties include oocyte quality, hormonal environment, protein supplementation, cumulus / oocyte cell interaction, donor breed and age, culture systems, oxygen tension, amino acids, growth factor and sequential means. The freezing process reduces the quality of the semen, firstly because it reduces the number of living sperms and secondly because freezing produces cell modifications that could alter the sperm motility, longevity, integrity of membranes and its fertilizing capacity. Conclusion: Nowadays, several researches are being performed with the aim of increasing viability after dogs' and cats' semen is unfrozen, using extenders, cryoprotectors, freezing and unfreezing curves, addition of antioxidant substances. The aim of this text is to inform about the improvements obtained on the artificial reproduction techniques, emphasizing the oocytary maturation in female dogs, semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination in domestic dogs and cats.

Food intake and nutritional status of hospitalised older people

Background and aims. Disease is influenced by the nutritional status of the individual. We have assessed the relationship between nutritional status and food intake among recently hospitalised older people. Methods. A cross-sectional study was undertaken with 240 older people in a hospital that provides care for the public and private healthcare systems. Nutritional status was classified by the MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) into: malnourished, risk of malnutrition and without malnutrition. Food intake was estimated by the reported food intake during a typical day. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the medians and the correlation coefficient of Spearman to verify the relationship between the consumption of energy, protein and vitamin C and MNA scores. Results. 33.8% were classified as adequate regarding nutritional status; 37.1% were classified as being at risk of malnutrition and 29.1% were classified as malnourished. The malnourished individuals reported significantly less energy and nutrient intake than those at risk of malnutrition or those without malnutrition (P=0.001). Not all nutrient intake, just some (iron, cholesterol and fibre), were lower in malnourished people. Conclusions and implications for practice. Deterioration of the nutritional status of older people is accompanied by a reduction in energy and some nutrient intake. The investigation of food intake in older people could provide important information about nutritional risk. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

A influência de um programa de prática de exercício físico sobre o estado nutricional de indivíduos soropositivos para HIV Araquara-SP 2013

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Perfil lipídico de mulheres submetidas a um programa de exercício físico e à suplementação de suco de laranja

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Caracterização química da farinha de vísceras de avestruz e seu valor nutritivo para tilápia-do-Nilo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Suplementação do meio de maturação com gonadotrofinas placentárias na produção in vitro de blastocistos bovinos

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Farmacologia) - IBB

Suplementação mineral protéica com cromo orgânico sobre o desempenho produtivo e qualidade da carne de bovinos Nelore e F1 Brangus X Nelore terminados em pastagem no Centro-Oeste do Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Recria de machos Nelore em pastagem de capim-Marandu com suplementação de baixo consumo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo comparativo entre fontes de macromoléculas na produção in vitro de embriões bovinos e seus reflexos na criopreservação

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência do consumo de suco de laranja no perfil sérico dos lípides, apolipoproteínas e homocisteína em homens normais e hiperlipidêmicos

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Composição corporal e exigências nutricionais de caprinos Saanen machos dos 30 aos 45 kg de peso vivo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)