Adequação da metodologia do teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de rúcula

The use of high vigor seed constitutes basic and fundamental. Given the increasing development os the seeds industry and the improvement of vigor tests used to differentiate subtle variations in the quality of seeds of vegetable crops, is needed. The objective was to study variations in conducting the accelerated aging test, to verify their sensitivity for identifying different vigor levels of arugula seed. Were used the cultivars Cultivada and Gigante, using five lots of seeds for each. The seeds were subjected to the determination of water content, germination, first germination, emergence of seedlings and variations in the accelerated aging test, without salt solution ( traditional procedure) and with salt solution in 48, 72 and 96 hours; at 38 degrees C, 41 degrees C and 45 degrees C. The accelerated aging test in traditional procedure is not efficient to evaluation the vigor of arugula seeds. The accelerated aging test with saline solution using the combination 41 degrees C for 72 hours, was sensitive to evaluated of the physiological potential of arugula seeds.

Avaliação do óleo de girassol adicionado de antioxidantes sob estocagem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cosmic acceleration from second order gauge gravity

We construct a phenomenological theory of gravitation based on a second order gauge formulation for the Lorentz group. The model presents a long-range modification for the gravitational field leading to a cosmological model provided with an accelerated expansion at recent times. We estimate the model parameters using observational data and verify that our estimative for the age of the Universe is of the same magnitude than the one predicted by the standard model. The transition from the decelerated expansion regime to the accelerated one occurs recently (at similar to 9.3 Gyr).

Realistic equations of state for the primeval universe

Equations of state for the early universe including realistic interactions between constituents are formulated. Under certain hypotheses, these equations are able to generate an inflationary regime prior to the period of the nucleosynthesis. The resulting accelerated expansion is intense enough to solve the flatness and horizon problems. In the cases of a curvature parameter. equal to 0 or + 1, the model is able to avoid the initial singularity and offers a natural explanation for why the universe is in expansion. All the results are valid only for a matter-antimatter symmetric universe.

Parâmetros do teste de envelhecimento acelerado para determinação do vigor de sementes de feijão

O vigor de sementes representa atributos da qualidade fisiológica não revelados pelo teste de germinação. O teste de envelhecimento acelerado é realizado em condições de elevadas temperaturas e umidade relativa do ar por períodos curtos, logo estudos a respeito da utilização de temperaturas de 43 a 45 °C e a redução do período de envelhecimento são possibilidades que merecem reflexão. No estudo foi objetivo a análise dos efeitos de temperaturas e períodos de exposição ao teste de envelhecimento acelerado para identificar o vigor de sementes de feijão e características relativas ao genótipo. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, foram utilizados 20 genótipos de feijão, sendo que as sementes foram submetidas a cinco períodos de envelhecimento acelerado (12, 24, 36, 48 e 60 h) e três temperaturas (41, 43 e 45 °C). Foram avaliados também germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, velocidade de germinação e emergência de plântulas. Os genótipos de sementes não diferiram quanto ao teste de germinação, no entanto apresentaram níveis distintos de qualidade através do teste de envelhecimento acelerado. O teste de envelhecimento acelerado é conveniente quando realizado a 41 °C/48 h e 43 °C/24 h. É possível a realização do teste de envelhecimento acelerado com utilização de temperatura superior e redução do período de exposição ao teste.

Comparação entre métodos para a avaliação do vigor de lotes de sementes de triticale

Dentro de um programa de controle de qualidade, a avaliação do vigor de sementes é fundamental e necessária para o sucesso da produção. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes testes de vigor na avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de triticale (X. triticosecale Wittmack), buscando a diferenciação de lotes. Cinco lotes da cultivar 'IPR 111' foram submetidos ao teste de germinação, primeira contagem, teste de frio, condutividade elétrica (50 sementes 50mL-1 de água; 25°C 24h-1), lixiviação de potássio (50 sementes 75mL-1 de água; 25°C 3h-1), envelhecimento acelerado (43°C 48h-1) e teor de água. O teste de condutividade elétrica e lixiviação de potássio são eficientes na diferenciação do vigor de lotes de sementes de triticale.

A simple model for quintessential inflation

We propose a simple toy model for quintessential inflation where a complex scalar field described by a Lagrangian with a U(1)(PQ) symmetry spontaneously broken at a high energy scale and explicitly broken by instanton effects at a much lower energy can account for both the early inflationary phase and the recent accelerated expansion of the Universe. The real part of the complex field plays the role of the in flaton whereas the imaginary part, the 'axion', is the quintessence field.

Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de quiabo

The objective of this research was to study the accelerated aging test to evaluate the okra vigor seed. Were used four okra seed lots cv. "Santa Cruz". The initial seed lot quality was evaluate by the moisture content, germination, first germination count, speed of germination index and seedling emergence. The experiment was carried out in two phases: the first one the seeds were submitted to the accelerate aging with and without NaCl salt solution aging periods of 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours, at 41 and 45(0) C temperature. The second phase the best procedures as for as accelerated aging and temperatures were repeated. The period of 72h and 41 C with and without NaCl saturated solution was the most adequate for the lot classification in distint vigor levels.

Testes de vigor para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementesde Sebastiania commersoniana (Baill.) Smith & Downs.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of different vigor tests to assess S. commersoniana seeds physiological quality during storage. Therefore, seeds were stored in cloth bags, plastic bags and glass containers for 531 days, both at room temperature and in a cold chamber. Periodically samples were taken and the following tests were conducted: standard germination, germination speed index, first count after germination, seedlings fresh and dry matter, electrical conductivity (imbibitions for 2 and 24 hours) and accelerated aging, in order to monitoring the seeds physiologic quality. Data were submitted to polynomial regression analysis, for each of the combination of packaging/storage condition. The results obtained led to the following considerations: a) the speed germination index and the accelerated aging test permitted a good evaluation of the seed-lots quality; b) the first count of germination did not allow any prediction about seed lots vigor; c) seedling fresh and dry matter did not discriminate among seed lots; d) electrical conductivity test after 2 h imbibitions was not adequate to evaluate the seed lots vigor and e) the electric conductivity test with 24 h imbibitions was more adequate to differentiate among seed lots, but with little efficiency to discriminate among seed lots with intermediate vigor or with low quality differences.

Biometria e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de diferentes matrizes de Tabebuia chrysotricha (Mart. Ex A. DC.) Stand I.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Testes de envelhecimento acelerado e de condutividade elétrica em sementes de Dictyoloma vendellianum A. Juss.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Protective effect of oregano (Origanum vulgar L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oleoresins in stored soybean oil

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of oregano and thyme extracts isolatedly and combinedly applied in soybean oil. Design/methodology/approach: Soybean oil containing 3,000 mg/kg of oregano and thyme oleoresins and the mixture of both, as well as soybean oil containing TBHQ (50 mg/kg) and soybean oil free of antioxidants, were subjected to accelerated oven test (60°C/10 days). Samples were collected every two days and analyzed as to their peroxide and conjugated diene values. Findings: The mixture of oleoresins and consequent increase of concentration were as effective as the antioxidant TBHQ. Practical implications: These studies may prove to be beneficial to the exploitation of natural antioxidant sources for the preservation and/or extension of raw and processed food shelf life. Therefore, they could also be applied in the area of pharmaceuticals for the protection of human life. Originality/value: This study offers information on the use of natural antioxidants as an alternative to the use of synthetic antioxidants, which might be considered toxic. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de ervilha forrageira

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Atividade antioxidante dos extratos de shiitake (Lentinus edodes) e de cogumelo do sol (Agaricus blazei) aplicados em óelo de soja sob aquecimento

Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE

República Dominicana: evolución económica durante 2005 y perspectivas para 2006

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