Discurso pronunciado en el Concilio Ecuménico de 1870 sobre la infabilidad del papa

UANL

Las Escuelas del Magisterio de la Iglesia en Madrid y su aportación a la formación de maestros (1945-1970).

Contribuir al estudio de la aportación de la Iglesia en el campo de la educación y en concreto a la formación del maestro. Las nueve Escuelas de Magisterio de la Iglesia en Madrid, como representativas de todas las escuelas de este tipo existentes en España. Estudia separadamente cada una de las nueve Escuelas de Magisterio de la Iglesia existentes en Madrid. En cada una se describen y valoran las facetas: origen de la escuela, aprobación del expediente de creación, decreto de erección, ubicación de la escuela, fines de la educación, planes de estudio, horario de clases, libros de texto, métodos de trabajo, alumnado, formación del alumnado, prácticas pedagógicas, profesorado, exámenes, titulación, cursillos de orientación pedagógica. La ley de Educación Primaria de 17 julio de 1945 permite la creación de Escuelas de Magisterio por parte de la iglesia y de entidades privadas: estas escuelas antes estaban sólo a cargo del Estado. Gracias a esta ley se amplió en cantidad y calidad el marco de formación del maestro en España. Las Escuelas del Magisterio de la Iglesia tenían su sustantividad propia. En principio surgieron para la promoción de sus propios miembros. Se llegaron a crear 118 escuelas en toda España, número excesivo que motivó falta de consistencia en alguna de ellas y su clausura en breve tiempo. Este hecho demuestra que faltó una buena planificación a nivel nacional. La normativa marcada por la ley de Educacion Primaria de 1945 tuvo 22 años de vigencia durante los cuales las Escuelas del Magisterio de la Iglesia tuvieron su máximo desarrollo. Del estudio hecho sobre lo que supuso en nuestra sociedad la acción de la Iglesia como educadora, afirma que las Escuelas del Magisterio de la Iglesia supieron prestar a la sociedad una eficaz labor educativa y que sus métodos y técnicas pedagógicas estuvieron siempre a la altura exigida. La nueva Ley refundida de 1967 marca un cambio radical en los estudios de Magisterio y las Escuelas de la Iglesia para responder a las nuevas exigencias educativas siguieron una política de fusión. En Madrid de las nueve escuelas existentes surgieron la Escuela Escuni, La Salle y Don Bosco que supieron captar la situación, nuevo estilo y modo de ser de la enseñanza en España. La transformación de las Escuelas de Magisterio en escuelas universitarias del profesorado es un tema que queda abierto a posteriores estudios.

El florero y el bodegón en el arte moderno : exposición, en Madrid, de 300 obras.

Se incluyen tres fotografías de las salas de exposiciones donde se encontraban los lienzos

Formação e internacionalização da sociedade de consumo Norte-Americana 1870-1930

From 1870 to 1929, the US economy moved to a system strongly intensive in consumption goods. When the main cultural, political, social and economic basis of the modern "consumer society" was built into the country, it's spread to other countries fast and successfully started (1900-1929). The role of American government, private corporations, advertising agencies, and other players is examined. This text is a partial result of an on going larger investigation, dealing with the history of advertising and marketing in Brasil, from its origins to present days, in a sociological framework.

Catharine Waugh McCullouch papers in the Mary Earhart Dillon collection, 1869-1945

Collection primarily documents McCulloch's research on women's legal status, and her work with the Illinois Equal Suffrage Association, the National American Woman Suffrage Association, and the League of Women Voters. There is also documentation of women in the legal profession, of McCulloch's friendships with the other women suffragists and lawyers, and some biographical material. The papers contain little information about her family or social life.

Europe and beyond, a preliminary survey of world-politics in the last half-century, 1870-1920,

"Authorities" at end of each chapter.

Karl-Ernst Jeismann/Peter Lundgreen(Hrsg.): Handbuch der deutschen Bildungsgeschichte. Band III. 1800-1870: Von der Neuordnung Deutschlands bis zur Gründung des Deutschen Reiches. München: Beck 1987 […] [Sammelrezension]

Sammelrezension von: 1. Karl-Ernst Jeismann/Peter Lundgreen(Hrsg.): Handbuch der deutschen Bildungsgeschichte. Band III. 1800-1870: Von der Neuordnung Deutschlands bis zur Gründung des Deutschen Reiches. München: Beck 1987, 443 S. 2. Dieter Langewiesche/Hehiz-Elmar Tenorth (Hrsg.): Handbuch der deutschen Bildungsgeschichte. Band V. 1918-1945: Die Weimarer Republik und die nationalsozialistische Diktatur. München: Beck 1989. 470 S.

Didiman: Australian agricultural extension officers in the territory of Papua and New Guinea, 1945-1975

Historically, the development philosophy for the two Territories of Papua and New Guinea (known as TPNG, formerly two territories, Papua and New Guinea) was equated with economic development, with a focus on agricultural development. To achieve the modification or complete change in indigenous farming systems the Australian Government’s Department of External Territories adopted and utilised a programme based on agricultural extension. Prior to World War II, under Australian administration, the economic development of these two territories, as in many colonies of the time, was based on the institution of the plantation. Little was initiated in agriculture development for indigenous people. This changed after World War II to a rationale based on the promotion and advancement of primary industry, but also came to include indigenous farmers. To develop agriculture within a colony it was thought that a modification to, or in some cases the complete transformation of, existing farming systems was necessary to improve the material welfare of the population. It was also seen to be a guarantee for the future national interest of the sovereign state after independence was granted. The Didiman and Didimisis became the frontline, field operatives of this theoretical model of development. This thesis examines the Didiman’s field operations, the structural organisation of agricultural administration and the application of policy in the two territories.

The genesis of 'the new geography and the new imperialism : 1870-1918', or 'how I came to Jamaica and joined the UWI Geography Department

In this article, Brian Hudson relates how he came to write the paper published in the journal Antipode, for which he gained recognition as a radical geographer in the late 1970's. It is a tale of a journey in which the loves of his life, geography, history, travel and his wife of over 40 years, came together through living in a number of different places: the United Kingdom, Ghana, Hong Kong, and Jamaica. After leaving UWI, Brian and his family settled in Brisbane, Australia where he taught at Queensland University of Technology until his retirement.

Debating literacy in Australia : a documentary history, 1945 - 1994

A documentary history of 'literacy' as an issue, topic and problem in the Australia print media, 1945-1994. The accompanying critical analysis makes the case that 'literacy crises' in Australia have arisen during periods of major socioeconomic, cultural and geopolitical upheaval and change, with schools and teachers, youth and families the object of 'blame' for such changes.

Digital archives and cultural memory : discovering lost histories in digitised Australian children's literature 1851-1945

A recent Australian literature digitisation project uncovered some surprising discoveries in the children’s books that it digitised. The Children’s Literature Digital Resources (CLDR) Project digitised children’s books that were first published between 1851 to 1945 and made them available online through AustLit: The Australian Literature Resource. The digitisation process also preserved, within the pages of those books, a range of bookplates, book labels, inscriptions, and loose ephemera. This material allows us to trace the provenance of some of the digitised works, some of which came from the personal libraries of now-famous authors, and others from less celebrated sources. These extra-textual traces can contribute to cultural memory of the past by providing evidence of how books were collected and exchanged, and what kinds of books were presented as prizes in schools and Sunday schools. They also provide insight into Australian literary and artistic networks, particularly of the first few decades of the 20th century. This article describes the kinds of material uncovered in the digitisation process and suggests that the material provides insights into literary and cultural histories that might otherwise be forgotten. It also argues that the indexing of this material is vital if it is not to be lost to future researchers.

Englanniksiko maailmanmaineeseen? : Suomalaisen proosakaunokirjallisuuden kääntäminen englanniksi Isossa-Britanniassa vuosina 1945 2003

This doctoral thesis focuses on the translation of Finnish prose literature into English in the United Kingdom between 1945 and 2003. The subject is approached using translation archaeology, interviews, archival material, detailed text analysis and reception material. The main theoretical framework is Descriptive Translation Studies, and certain sociological theories (Bourdieu s field theory, actor-network theory) are also used. After charting the published translations, two periods of time are selected for closer analysis: an earlier period from 1955 to 1959, involving eight translations, and a later one from 1990 to 2003, with a total of six translations. While these translation numbers may appear low, they are actually rather high in proportion to the total number of 28 one-author literary prose translations published in the UK over the approximately 60 years being studied. The two periods of time, the 1950s and 1990s, are compared in terms of the sociological context of translation activity, the reception of translations and their textual features. The comparisons show that the main changes in translation practice between these two periods are increased completeness (translations in the 1950s group often being shortened by hundreds of pages) and lesser use of indirect translation via an intermediary language (about half of the 1950s translations having been translated via Swedish). Otherwise, translation practices have not changed much: except for large omissions, which are far more frequent in the 1950s, variation within each group is larger than between groups. As to the sociological context, the main changes are an increase in long-term institution-level contacts and an increase in the promotion of foreign translation rights by Finnish publishing houses. This is in contrast to the 1950s when translation rights were mainly sold through personal contacts by individual authors and translators. The reception of translations is difficult to study because of scarce material. However, the 1950s translations were aggressively marketed and therefore obtained far more reviews and reprints than the 1990s translations. Several of the 1950s books, mostly historical novels by Mika Waltari, were mainstream bestsellers at the time, while current translations are frequently made for niche markets. The thesis introduces ample new material on the translation of Finnish prose literature into English in the UK. The results are also relevant to translation from a minority literature into a majority one. As to translation theory, they lead us to question the social nature of translation norms and the assumption of a static target culture. The translations analysed here are located in a very fragmented interculture and gain a stronger position in the Finnish culture than in the British one.

La música orquestal peruana de 1945 a 2005 : Identidades en la diversidad

Peruvian orchestral music 1945–2005. Identities in diversity Peruvian music for orchestra has not been studied as a whole before, and is hardly known by Peruvian musicians and public. The aim of the thesis is to give a panoramic view of Peruvian orchestral music after 1945, study the particular historical context in which these works were created and how they reflect the search for a musical identity of its own, be it individual, local, national or Latin American. Identity is a construction that changes permanently, and individuals can share many identities at the same time. This is a central issue in multicultural societies as the Peruvian, and music is an important mean for constructing cultural identity. The hypothesis of this research is that orchestral work is a medium for Peruvian composers to express their relationship with traditional and popular musics of the country in different ways, from quotation of melodies to a more abstract appropiation of concepts or suggestive title references. Representative works by selected composers, of different techniques, styles or special reception are chosen and analyzed. Research methodology includes analysis of works with various methods according to their stylistic and technical features, in order to find the particular ways in which composers have approached or expressed diverse identities. The investigation shows that Peruvian orchestral music includes works in the main stylistic trends and using the main compositional techniques of the modernist and postmodern periods. It also shows that the construction and expression of particular identities through the study and use of other Peruvian musical traditions is a constant interest shared by composers of different age and esthetic. In a multicultural society as the Peruvian, characterized by its diversity, different forms of transcultural composition are an important mean of dealing with identity issues in music. This thesis also includes for the first time a list of all orchestral works composed in the country or by Peruvian composers in the period, their composers and genres. KEYWORDS: Peruvian music, contemporary music for orchestra, identity