Archivage du Web organisationnel dans une perspective archivistique

Le Web représente actuellement un espace privilégié d’expression et d’activité pour plusieurs communautés, où pratiques communicationnelles et pratiques documentaires s’enrichissent mutuellement. Dans sa dimension visible ou invisible, le Web constitue aussi un réservoir documentaire planétaire caractérisé non seulement par l’abondance de l’information qui y circule, mais aussi par sa diversité, sa complexité et son caractère éphémère. Les projets d’archivage du Web en cours abordent pour beaucoup cette question du point de vue de la préservation des publications en ligne sans la considérer dans une perspective archivistique. Seuls quelques projets d’archivage du Web visent la préservation du Web organisationnel ou gouvernemental. La valeur archivistique du Web, notamment du Web organisationnel, ne semble pas être reconnue malgré un effort soutenu de certaines archives nationales à diffuser des politiques d’archivage du Web organisationnel. La présente thèse a pour but de développer une meilleure compréhension de la nature des archives Web et de documenter les pratiques actuelles d’archivage du Web organisationnel. Plus précisément, cette recherche vise à répondre aux trois questions suivantes : (1) Que recommandent en général les politiques d’archivage du Web organisationnel? (2) Quelles sont les principales caractéristiques des archives Web? (3) Quelles pratiques d’archivage du Web organisationnel sont mises en place dans des organisations au Québec? Pour répondre à ces questions, cette recherche exploratoire et descriptive a adopté une approche qualitative basée sur trois modes de collecte des données, à savoir : l’analyse d’un corpus de 55 politiques et documents complémentaires relatifs à l’archivage du Web organisationnel; l’observation de 11 sites Web publics d’organismes au Québec de même que l’observation d’un échantillon de 737 documents produits par ces systèmes Web; et, enfin, des entrevues avec 21 participants impliqués dans la gestion et l’archivage de ces sites Web. Les résultats de recherche démontrent que les sites Web étudiés sont le produit de la conduite des activités en ligne d’une organisation et documentent, en même temps, les objectifs et les manifestations de sa présence sur le Web. De nouveaux types de documents propres au Web organisationnel ont pu être identifiés. Les documents qui ont migré sur le Web ont acquis un autre contexte d’usage et de nouvelles caractéristiques. Les méthodes de gestion actuelles doivent prendre en considération les propriétés des documents dans un environnement Web. Alors que certains sites d’étude n’archivent pas leur site Web public, d’autres s’y investissent. Toutefois les choix établis ne correspondent pas toujours aux recommandations proposées dans les politiques d’archivage du Web analysées et ne garantissent pas la pérennité des archives Web ni leur exploitabilité à long terme. Ce constat nous a amenée à proposer une politique type adaptée aux caractéristiques des archives Web. Ce modèle décrit les composantes essentielles d’une politique pour l’archivage des sites Web ainsi qu’un éventail des mesures que pourrait mettre en place l’organisation en fonction des résultats d’une analyse des risques associés à l’usage de son site Web public dans la conduite de ses affaires.

Which Legal Standards Should Apply To Web-logs? The present legal position of Internet journals in the European iuris prudence in the light of the European Parliament Committee’s on Culture and Education report and Polish Supreme Court decision

The article discusses the present status of weblogs and examines whether legal standards applicable to traditional press and media should be applied to that specific forum. The analysis is based on two key documents: the Draft Report on the concentration and pluralism in the media in European Union (2007/2253(INI)) of the European Parliament Committee on Culture and Education presented in March 2008 and a landmark decision of the Polish Supreme Court from July 26, 2007 (IV KK 174/07) in the light of present judicial tendency in other European countries. The first of the mentioned documents calls for the “clarification of the legal status of different categories of weblog authors and publishers as well as disclosure of interests and voluntary labelling of weblogs”. It emphasizes that the “undetermined and unindicated status of authors and publishers of weblogs causes uncertainties regarding impartiality, reliability, source protection, applicability of ethical codes and the assignment of liability in the event of lawsuits”. The position of the European Parliament, expressed in the document, raises serious questions on the limits of freedom of thought and speech on the Internet and on the degree of acceptable state control. A recent Polish Supreme Court decision, which caused quite a stir in the Polish Internet community, seems to head in the very direction recommended by the EP Culture Committee. In a case of two editors of a web journal (“czasopismo internetowe”) called “Szyciepoprzemysku”, available on-line, accused of publishing a journal without the proper registration, the Polish Supreme Court stated that “journals and periodicals do not lose the character of a press release due solely to the fact that they appear in the form of an  Internet transmission”, and that ‘’the publishing of press in an electronic form, available on the Internet, requires  registration”. The decision was most surprising, as prior lower courts decisions declined the possibility to register Internet periodicals. The accused were acquitted in the name of the constitutional principle of the rule of law (art. 7 of the Polish Constitution) and the ensuing obligation to protect the trust of a citizen to the state (a conviction in this case would break the collateral estoppel rule), however the decision quickly awoke media frenzy and raised the fear of a need to register all websites that were regularly updated. The spokesman of the Polish Supreme Court later explained that the sentence of the Court was not intended to cause a mass registration of all Internet “periodicals” and that neither weblogs nor Internet sites, that were regularly updated, needed registration. Such an interpretation of the Polish press law did not appear clear based only on the original text of the judgment and the decision as such still raises serious practical questions. The article aims to examine the status of Internet logs as press and seeks the compromise between the concerns expressed by European authorities and the freedom of thought and speech exercised on the Internet.

Boîte à outils destinée aux chercheurs de documents iconographiques

Travail réalisé à l'EBSI, Université de Montréal, sous la direction de M. Yvon Lemay dans le cadre du cours SCI6111 - Politique de gestion des archives, à l'automne 2013.

How to Share Word and Other Documents Using Adobe Connect

This 3-minute video shows how you can share documents during an Adobe Connect meeting - for example showing a Word document or Excel spreadsheet to the other participants.

Dynamic Document Generation from Semantic Web Data

This talk will present an overview of the ongoing ERCIM project SMARTDOCS (SeMAntically-cReaTed DOCuments) which aims at automatically generating webpages from RDF data. It will particularly focus on the current issues and the investigated solutions in the different modules of the project, which are related to document planning, natural language generation and multimedia perspectives. The second part of the talk will be dedicated to the KODA annotation system, which is a knowledge-base-agnostic annotator designed to provide the RDF annotations required in the document generation process.

Sistema web per al préstec de DVD en col·lectius tancats

Aquest projecte de final de carrera sorgeix com a resposta a una necessitat existent dins de col•lectius laborals i docents de compartir documents i recursos. Per tal d’estabilitzar un sistema d’intercanvi que funcioni, és important que els préstecs siguin àgils i estiguin gestionats per un bon sistema. El projecte “Sistema web per al préstec de DVD en col•lectius tancats” té la finalitat de permetre als membres d’un col•lectiu tancat d’utilitzar un servei de préstecs de DVD via web. Aquest sistema facilita i gestiona l’intercanvi de DVD entre els usuaris del col•lectiu que estiguin registrats. La base de dades del conjunt dels DVD la formen els DVD que els mateixos usuaris registrats posen a disposició dels altres membres. Pel que fa a la gestió, el sistema incorpora un sistema automàtic d’enviament de correus electrònics i un gestor de temps per evitar que els préstecs no s’allarguin en excés. També està dotat de mesures de seguretat que garanteixen la privacitat als usuaris.

Documents as 'critical incidents' in organisation to consumer communication

A diary study tracked the paper documents received by nine UK informants over one month. Informants gave simple ratings of individual documents’ attractiveness and the ease of understanding them; more detailed reactions to the documents were gathered through informant diaries and follow-up interviews. The detailed reactions extended beyond the feedback gathered through the rating task. Informants showed sensitivity to the content, language, design and circumstances of receipt of documents, with indications that they developed opinions of originating organizations based on their experience of using their documents. Documents that failed to provide all the information needed, that failed to make their intentions clear (or obscured their intentions) or that were perceived as miss-targeted received negative comment. Repeat experiences of receiving either well- or poorly-conceived documents strengthened informant reactions to individual originating organizations. The paper concludes with recommendations for steps document originators, writers and designers need to take to prepare documents that enhance organization to consumer communication. We recommend that organizations evaluate and act on consumers’ reactions to their documents, beyond user testing in document development or scorecard ratings in use.

TOWARD SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES AS MVC APPLICATIONS: FROM OWL-S VIA UML

OWL-S is an application of OWL, the Web Ontology Language, that describes the semantics of Web Services so that their discovery, selection, invocation and composition can be automated. The research literature reports the use of UML diagrams for the automatic generation of Semantic Web Service descriptions in OWL-S. This paper demonstrates a higher level of automation by generating complete complete Web applications from OWL-S descriptions that have themselves been generated from UML. Previously, we proposed an approach for processing OWL-S descriptions in order to produce MVC-based skeletons for Web applications. The OWL-S ontology undergoes a series of transformations in order to generate a Model-View-Controller application implemented by a combination of Java Beans, JSP, and Servlets code, respectively. In this paper, we show in detail the documents produced at each processing step. We highlight the connections between OWL-S specifications and executable code in the various Java dialects and show the Web interfaces that result from this process.

Tvoice :um sistema de manipulação de linguagens para auxiliar portadores de necessidades especiais através da web

This work presents the tVoice, software that manipulates tags languages, extracting information and, being integral part of the VoiceProxy system, it aids bearers of special needs in the access to the Web. This system is responsible for the search and treatment of the documents in the Web, extracting the textual information contained in those documents and preceding the capability of generating eventually through translation techniques, an audio script, used by the of interface subsystem of VoiceProxy, the iVoice, in the process of voice synthesis. In this stage the tVoice, besides the treatment of the tag language HTML, processes other two formats of documents, PDF and XHTML. Additionally to allow that, besides the iVoice, other interface subsystems can make use of the tVoice through remote access, we propose distribution systems techniques based in the model Client-Server providers operations of the fashion of a proxy server treatment of documents

Uso da Web na ampliação da transparência pública: análise de Conselhos de Alimentação Escolar de municípios paulistas

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Modelos de recuperação de informação e web semântica: a questão da relevância

Introduction: In the Web environment, there is a need for greater care with regard to the processing of descriptive and thematic information. The concern with the recovery of information in computer systems precedes the development of the first personal computers. Models of information retrieval have been and are today widely used in databases specific to a field whose scope is known. Objectives: Verify how the issue of relevance is treated in the main computer models of information retrieval and, especially, as the issue is addressed in the future of the Web, the called Semantic Web. Methodology: Bibliographical research. Results: In the classical models studied here, it was realized that the main concern is retrieving documents whose description is closest to the search expression used by the user, which does not necessarily imply that this really needs. In semantic retrieval is the use of ontologies, feature that extends the user's search for a wider range of possible relevant options. Conclusions: The relevance is a subjective judgment and inherent to the user, it will depend on the interaction with the system and especially the fact that he expects to recover in your search. Systems that are based on a model of relevance are not popular, because it requires greater interaction and depend on the user's disposal. The Semantic Web is so far the initiative more efficient in the case of information retrieval in the digital environment.

DiffServer: Application Level Differentiated Services for Web Servers

Web content hosting, in which a Web server stores and provides Web access to documents for different customers, is becoming increasingly common. For example, a web server can host webpages for several different companies and individuals. Traditionally, Web Service Providers (WSPs) provide all customers with the same level of performance (best-effort service). Most service differentiation has been in the pricing structure (individual vs. business rates) or the connectivity type (dial-up access vs. leased line, etc.). This report presents DiffServer, a program that implements two simple, server-side, application-level mechanisms (server-centric and client-centric) to provide different levels of web service. The results of the experiments show that there is not much overhead due to the addition of this additional layer of abstraction between the client and the Apache web server under light load conditions. Also, the average waiting time for high priority requests decreases significantly after they are assigned priorities as compared to a FIFO approach.

USO DO DUBLIN CORE NA DESCRIÇÃO DE OBRAS RARAS NA WEB: A COLEÇÃO DA BIBLIOTECA BRASILIANA DIGITAL

Acessível ao público desde junho de 2009, a Biblioteca Brasiliana Digital, da Universidade de São Paulo tem por objetivo facultar para a pesquisa, a maior Brasiliana custodiada por uma universidade. Sua intenção é disponibilizar virtualmente parte do acervo da Universidade oferecendo-se como um instrumento útil e funcional para a pesquisa e o estudo dos temas e cultura brasileiros, além de oferecer um modelo tecnológico de gestão que possa ser difundido a outras coleções, acervos e instituições. Este trabalho apresenta os resultado da implantação de um esquema de metadados baseado no formato Dublin Core, para a descrição de obras raras e especiais na web. Especificamente, apresenta os procedimentos e processos de descrição de conteúdos das diversas tipologias documentais (livros, periódicos, gravuras etc.) e formatos digitais (pdf, jpeg entre outros). Palavras-Chave: Bibliotecas digitais; Metadados; Dublin Core.

Desarrollo de una aplicación web para la gestión de rutas en sistemas georreferenciados

[ES] El objetivo que se pretendía alcanzar con la realización de este proyecto era desarrollar una aplicación web 2.0 capaz de gestionar rutas independientemente de su tipología u otro tipo de características. El usuario de la aplicación construida tras analizar este proyecto puede crear rutas y modificarlas. Para su visualización se ha optado por un entorno 3D que muestra el globo terráqueo de manera realista: Google Earth en su versión como complemento para navegadores. La variedad de rutas creadas puede ser muy amplia, como por ejemplo: las etapas de la Vuelta Ciclista a España, la travesía de una competición náutica, el recorrido que siguió Colón en su primer viaje a América o los caminos reales de Canarias. Las rutas se crean desplazando el ratón y haciendo clic sobre la superficie del globo terráqueo. La aplicación muestra una línea que pasa por los puntos indicados con la representación de la ruta. Para las rutas creadas el usuario puede añadir una serie de elementos multimedia que permitan obtener un mayor conocimiento de dichas rutas. La aplicación permite añadir fotos, vídeos web, documentos y elementos 3D. Cuando el usuario seleccione mostrar una ruta creada previamente a la que le ha añadido alguno de los elementos indicados previamente, éste se visualizará en el navegador. Además de la posibilidad de gestionar rutas, el usuario también puede gestionar sitios de su interés de manera sencilla. El usuario puede incorporar localizaciones de diversa índole a su biblioteca de elementos para disponer de una mejor accesibilidad de sus lugares predilectos. Los sitios de interés creados aparecen en el globo como un icono junto con su nombre.

Aplicación web para Ayuntamiento de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria : [Parte A]

[ES] Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado es un servicio basado en tecnologías web (PHP, HTML5, CSS, JQUERY y AJAX). El objetivo principal es ofrecer un servicio de creación y gestión de actas para el Ayuntamiento de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Para ello, consta de dos módulos principales, uno para “crear actas” y otro para “editar actas”. La aplicación consta de dos partes. Una primera parte desarrollada por mí, que consiste en primer lugar en todas las reuniones que fueron necesarias con el personal del Ayuntamiento de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria para entender sus necesidades y cómo poder afrontarlas como desarrollador. Y en segundo lugar, me he encargado de la elaboración y la estructura de la página web, mediante la generación de los distintos ficheros con contenido  HTML, en la interconexión de estos ficheros y en el paso de parámetros entre dichos ficheros mediante las distintas herramientas (JQUERY, AJAX), así como también he dotado a la web de todo el contenido JavaScript necesario. En este apartado también se encuentra la tarea de realizar un módulo de búsqueda y un módulo para mostrar las actas ya acabadas. El de búsqueda contiene un formulario con un campo de búsqueda y busca las coincidencias dentro de todos los ficheros que se han generado con la aplicación. También muestra un link para abrir ese fichero desde el navegador. Como aportación adicional también me he encargado de la configuración y generación de las tablas necesarias de la base de datos para el funcionamiento de la aplicación.