886 resultados para W.G. Sebald


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Przemiany zachodzące w otoczeniu organizacji powodują, że bardziej wymagający konsumenci oczekują wyższego poziomu obsługi zarówno przez podmioty prywatne jak i publiczne. Wywiera to wpływ także na organy administracji publicznej, które muszą podążać zmianami w zachowaniu interesantów. Szansą na szybkie dostosowanie się jest wykorzystywanie koncepcji, którymi dotychczas posługiwały się w głównej mierze przedsiębiorstwa. Wymienić tu można choćby marketing wewnętrzny, nakierowany na osoby zatrudnione w organizacji i opierający się na założeniu, że zadowoleni pracownicy kreują także zadowolenie odbiorców. Kolejny przykład to marketing relacyjny, który nastawiony jest na kreowanie długoterminowych relacji z interesariuszami. Wśród narzędzi marketingowych sugeruje się wykorzystywanie charakterystycznego dla usług modelu 7P, obejmującego produkt, cenę, dystrybucję, promocję, ludzi, procesy i świadectwo materialne. Szczególnym wyzwaniem, dla organów administracji publicznej może okazać się rozwój Internetu. Staje się on nie tylko źródłem informacji, lecz ważnym elementem życia społecznego. W przestrzeni wirtualnej zauważyć można pojawianie się szczególnego rodzaju konsumentów - prosumentów, czyli osób pragnących nie tylko kupować produkty zaspokajające ich potrzeby, lecz także aktywnie zaangażować się w kształtowanie oferty, jaka jest do nich kierowana. Prosumenci chętnie prezentują swe opinie, oceniają produkty, wymieniają się poglądami i przedstawiają sugestie dotyczące sposobów rozwiązania problemów. Ich postępowanie może przynosić organom administracji wiele korzyści - ułatwiać dialog społeczny i kształtować pozytywny wizerunek organizacji. Niestety, taka swobodna wymiana informacji niesie ze sobą również pewne zagrożenia (jak na przykład możliwość sugerowania sposobów omijania prawa), którym organy administracji publicznej powinny sprostać.

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Shelton, E.M. (p.548); Sherwood Arboretum (p.550); Soutter, William (pp.563-4); Styles (pp.575-6); Summer-House (579-580); Trapnell, W.G. (p.602); Tropical Gardens (pp.604-5);Verandah Gardening (p.614); Wickham Park (p.642); Wijaya, Made (p.642); Williams, George (p.644); Williams Keith A (p.644).

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Formulary apportionment does not attempt to undertake a transactional division of a highly integrated multinational entity. Rather, it allocates income to the jurisdictions based on an economically justifiable formula. Opposition to formulary apportionment is generally based on the argument that it is not a theoretically superior (or optimal) model because of the implementation difficulties. The conclusion that the unitary taxation model may be theoretically superior to the current arm's-length model that applies to multinational banks, despite significant implementation, compliance, and enforcement issues, is based on the unitary taxation model providing greater alignment with the unique features of these banks. The formulary apportionment model looks to the economic substance of the multinational entity and, in this sense, adopts a substance-over- form approach. Formulary apportionment further recognizes the impossibility of using arm's-length pricing for economically interdependent multinational entities. A final advantage to formulary apportionment, which is also a consequence of this model achieving greater inter-nation equity, is the elimination of double taxation.

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This chapter explores the changing intellectual landscapes and market-led research within academic institutions as the rise of 'embedded criminology' and argues for knowledges of resistance.

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We demonstrate that two characteristic Sus-like proteins encoded within a Polysaccharide Utilisation Locus (PUL) bind strongly to cellulosic substrates and interact with plant primary cell walls. This shows associations between uncultured Bacteroidetes-affiliated lineages and cellulose in the rumen, and thus presents new PUL-derived targets to pursue regarding plant biomass degradation.

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This paper attempts, using data from the British Labour Force Survey 1996, to examine to what extent differences in labour market outcomes between able-bodied and disabled men may be attributed to differences in endowments of human capital and associated productivity differences. Both labour force participation and selectivity corrected human capital equations are estimated and decomposition techniques applied to them. Using the methodology of Baldwin and Johnson [Baldwin, M., Johnson, W.G., 1994. Labor market discrimination against men with disabilities. Journal of Human Resources, XXIX(1), Winter, 1–19], the employment effects of wage discrimination against the disabled are also estimated. Evidence of both substantial wage and participation rate differences between able-bodied and disabled men are found, which have implications for the operation of the 1995 Disability Discrimination Act.

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Previous studies have enabled exact prediction of probabilities of identity-by-descent (IBD) in randommating populations for a few loci (up to four or so), with extension to more using approximate regression methods. Here we present a precise predictor of multiple-locus IBD using simple formulas based on exact results for two loci. In particular, the probability of non-IBD X ABC at each of ordered loci A, B, and C can be well approximated by XABC = XABXBC/XB and generalizes to X123. . .k = X12X23. . .Xk-1,k/ Xk-2, where X is the probability of non-IBD at each locus. Predictions from this chain rule are very precise with population bottlenecks and migration, but are rather poorer in the presence of mutation. From these coefficients, the probabilities of multilocus IBD and non-IBD can also be computed for genomic regions as functions of population size, time, and map distances. An approximate but simple recurrence formula is also developed, which generally is less accurate than the chain rule but is more robust with mutation. Used together with the chain rule it leads to explicit equations for non-IBD in a region. The results can be applied to detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) by computing the probability of IBD at candidate loci in terms of identity-by-state at neighboring markers.

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The VESUVIO project aims to provide unique prototype instrumentation at the ISIS-pulsed neutron source and to establish a routine experimental and theoretical program in neutron scattering spectroscopy at eV energies. This instrumentation will be specifically designed for high momentum, , and energy transfer inelastic neutron scattering studies of microscopic dynamical processes in materials and will represent a unique facility for EU researchers. It will allow to derive single-particle kinetic energies and single-particle momentum distributions, n(p), providing additional and/or complementary information to other neutron inelastic spectroscopic techniques.

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Deep inelastic neutron scattering measurements on liquid 3He-4He mixtures in the normal phase have been performed on the VESUVIO spectrometer at the ISIS pulsed neutron source at exchanged wave vectors of about q≃120.0Å-1. The neutron Compton profiles J(y) of the mixtures were measured along the T=1.96K isotherm for 3He concentrations, x, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 at saturated vapor pressures. Values of kinetic energies 〈T〉 of 3He and 4He atoms as a function of x, 〈T〉(x), were extracted from the second moment of J(y). The present determinations of 〈T〉(x) confirm previous experimental findings for both isotopes and, in the case of 3He, a substantial disagreement with theory is found. In particular 〈T〉(x) for the 3He atoms is found to be independent of concentration yielding a value 〈T〉3(x=0.1)≃12K, much lower than the value suggested by the most recent theoretical estimates of approximately 19 K.