Single photon emission computerized tomography imaging of amphetamine-induced dopamine release in drug-free schizophrenic subjects.

The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia proposes that hyperactivity of dopaminergic transmission is associated with this illness, but direct observation of abnormalities of dopamine function in schizophrenia has remained elusive. We used a newly developed single photon emission computerized tomography method to measure amphetamine-induced dopamine release in the striatum of fifteen patients with schizophrenia and fifteen healthy controls. Amphetamine-induced dopamine release was estimated by the amphetamine-induced reduction in dopamine D2 receptor availability, measured as the binding potential of the specific D2 receptor radiotracer [123I] (S)-(-)-3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl) methyl]benzamide ([123I]IBZM). The amphetamine-induced decrease in [123I]IBZM binding potential was significantly greater in the schizophrenic group (-19.5 +/- 4.1%) compared with the control group (-7.6 +/- 2.1%). In the schizophrenic group, elevated amphetamine effect on [123I]IBZM binding potential was associated with emergence or worsening of positive psychotic symptoms. This result suggests that psychotic symptoms elicited in this experimental setting in schizophrenic patients are associated with exaggerated stimulation of dopaminergic transmission. Such an observation would be compatible with an abnormal responsiveness of dopaminergic neurons in schizophrenia.

Processing chrome tannery effluent to meet best available treatment standards /

Mode of access: Internet.

James Stuart (1612–1655), Duke of Richmond and Lennox

Anthony van Dyck; 7 ft. 2 in. x 4 ft. 2 15/64 in.; oil on canvas

Still Life with Cheese

Floris Claesz. van Dyck; 2 ft. 8 23/64 in.x 3 ft. 7 25/32 in.; oil on panel

Charles I (1600-1649)

Anthony van Dyck; 2 ft. 9 15/64 in.x 3 ft. 3 9/64 in.; oil on canvas

Andromeda Chained to the Rock

Imitator of Sir Anthony van Dyck; 7 ft. 3/4 in.x 4 ft. 4 in.; oil on canvas

Virgin and Child

Anthony van Dyck; 2 ft. 1 15/64 in.x 1 ft. 7 31/64 in.; oil on wood

Virgin and Child with Saint Catherine of Alexandria

Anthony van Dyck; 3 ft. 8 9/64 in.x 3 ft. 1 1/64 in. (with added strips); oil on canvas

Saint Rosalie Interceding for the Plague-stricken of Palermo

Anthony van Dyck; 3 ft. 3 1/4 in.x 2 ft. 5 1/64 in.; oil on canvas

Self-Portrait

Anthony van Dyck; 3 ft. 11 1/8 in.x 2 ft. 10 39/64 in.; oil on canvas

Maisons de la Grande Mademoiselle : et de Gaston d'Orléans, son père /

Includes bibliographical footnotes and index.

Supplément à la maison du roi Louis XIII : comprenenat le règlement général, fait par le roi, de tous les états de sa maison et l'état général de paiement fait en 1624 / publié par Eugène Griselle.

"Il a été tiré de cet ouvrage: 6 exemplaires sur papier des manufactures d'Arches, numérotés de 00 à 05 (Réservés); 60 exemplaires sur papier des manufactures d'Arches, numérotés de 1 à 60.

The mechanism of adjustment, Canadian balance of payments, 1946-1957.

Includes bibliographical references.

Aastaraamat. Annales Litterarum societatis esthonicae.

Part of the illustrative material is folded.

The fool errant; being the memoirs of Francis-Antony Strelley, esq., citizen of Lucca;

Mode of access: Internet.