TOWARD SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES AS MVC APPLICATIONS: FROM OWL-S VIA UML

OWL-S is an application of OWL, the Web Ontology Language, that describes the semantics of Web Services so that their discovery, selection, invocation and composition can be automated. The research literature reports the use of UML diagrams for the automatic generation of Semantic Web Service descriptions in OWL-S. This paper demonstrates a higher level of automation by generating complete complete Web applications from OWL-S descriptions that have themselves been generated from UML. Previously, we proposed an approach for processing OWL-S descriptions in order to produce MVC-based skeletons for Web applications. The OWL-S ontology undergoes a series of transformations in order to generate a Model-View-Controller application implemented by a combination of Java Beans, JSP, and Servlets code, respectively. In this paper, we show in detail the documents produced at each processing step. We highlight the connections between OWL-S specifications and executable code in the various Java dialects and show the Web interfaces that result from this process.

UML 1.4 versus UML 2.0 as Languages to Describe Software Architectures.

ML 1.4 is widely accepted as the standard for representing the various software artifacts generated by a development process. For this reason, there have been attempts to use this language to represent the software architec- ture of systems as well. Unfortunately, these attempts have ended in representa- tions (boxes and lines) already criticized by the software architecture commu- nity. Recently, OMG has published a draft that will constitute the future UML 2.0 specification. In this paper we compare the capacities of UML 1.4 and UML 2.0 to describe software architectures. In particular, we study extensions of both UML versions to describe the static view of the C3 architectural style (a simplification of the C2 style). One of the results of this study is the difficulties found when using the UML 2.0 metamodel to describe the concept of connector in a software architecture.

Title Model for Computer Networks Optimization

The TCP/IP architecture was consolidated as a standard to the distributed systems. However, there are several researches and discussions about alternatives to the evolution of this architecture and, in this study area, this work presents the Title Model to contribute with the application needs support by the cross layer ontology use and the horizontal addressing, in a next generation Internet. For a practical viewpoint, is showed the network cost reduction for the distributed programming example, in networks with layer 2 connectivity. To prove the title model enhancement, it is presented the network analysis performed for the message passing interface, sending a vector of integers and returning its sum. By this analysis, it is confirmed that the current proposal allows, in this environment, a reduction of 15,23% over the total network traffic, in bytes.

Dynamic models for computer viruses

Computer viruses are an important risk to computational systems endangering either corporations of all sizes or personal computers used for domestic applications. Here, classical epidemiological models for disease propagation are adapted to computer networks and, by using simple systems identification techniques a model called SAIC (Susceptible, Antidotal, Infectious, Contaminated) is developed. Real data about computer viruses are used to validate the model. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Computer-aided drug design and ADMET predictions for identification and evaluation of novel potential farnesyltransferase inhibitors in cancer therapy

We have used various computational methodologies including molecular dynamics, density functional theory, virtual screening, ADMET predictions and molecular interaction field studies to design and analyze four novel potential inhibitors of farnesyltransferase (FTase). Evaluation of two proposals regarding their drug potential as well as lead compounds have indicated them as novel promising FTase inhibitors, with theoretically interesting pharmacotherapeutic profiles, when Compared to the very active and most cited FTase inhibitors that have activity data reported, which are launched drugs or compounds in clinical tests. One of our two proposals appears to be a more promising drug candidate and FTase inhibitor, but both derivative molecules indicate potentially very good pharmacotherapeutic profiles in comparison with Tipifarnib and Lonafarnib, two reference pharmaceuticals. Two other proposals have been selected with virtual screening approaches and investigated by LIS, which suggest novel and alternatives scaffolds to design future potential FTase inhibitors. Such compounds can be explored as promising molecules to initiate a research protocol in order to discover novel anticancer drug candidates targeting farnesyltransferase, in the fight against cancer. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Supporting content-based image retrieval and computer-aided diagnosis systems with association rule-based techniques

In this work, we take advantage of association rule mining to support two types of medical systems: the Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems and the Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems. For content-based retrieval, association rules are employed to reduce the dimensionality of the feature vectors that represent the images and to improve the precision of the similarity queries. We refer to the association rule-based method to improve CBIR systems proposed here as Feature selection through Association Rules (FAR). To improve CAD systems, we propose the Image Diagnosis Enhancement through Association rules (IDEA) method. Association rules are employed to suggest a second opinion to the radiologist or a preliminary diagnosis of a new image. A second opinion automatically obtained can either accelerate the process of diagnosing or to strengthen a hypothesis, increasing the probability of a prescribed treatment be successful. Two new algorithms are proposed to support the IDEA method: to pre-process low-level features and to propose a preliminary diagnosis based on association rules. We performed several experiments to validate the proposed methods. The results indicate that association rules can be successfully applied to improve CBIR and CAD systems, empowering the arsenal of techniques to support medical image analysis in medical systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

J2EE : Generació automàtica de codi

Aquest projecte està enfocat a determinar l'estat actual de les principals eines de generació automàtica de codi que existeixen, analitzant les característiques principals de cada eina determinar-ne les funcionalitats.

Gestor d'un taller de bicicletes

L'objectiu principal d'aquest treball és generar un projecte complet, detallat i clar on es reflecteixi el procediment a seguir a l'hora dissenyar un programari responsable de gestionar el taller mecànic de bicicletes segons les necessitats del client.

Construcció i explotació d'un magatzem de dades per a l'anàlisi d'informació sobre allotjaments turístics

Trabajo centrado en el estudio y aplicación práctica de las técnicas conocidas bajo el nombre de almacenes de datos y, concretamente, en sistemas ROLAP para dar respuesta a las necesidades de los entornos decisorios. En él se detallan los requisitos para desplegar un análisis de información sobre establecimientos turísticos, se expone la planificación, método basado en UML, el análisis, diseño, los pasos de recuperación de los datos -para su posterior transformación y carga en un base de datos relacional MySQL- y la presentación de las consultas OLAP e informes.

Design and validation of stateful composite RESTful web services

A web service is a software system that provides a machine-processable interface to the other machines over the network using different Internet protocols. They are being increasingly used in the industry in order to automate different tasks and offer services to a wider audience. The REST architectural style aims at producing scalable and extensible web services using technologies that play well with the existing tools and infrastructure of the web. It provides a uniform set of operation that can be used to invoke a CRUD interface (create, retrieve, update and delete) of a web service. The stateless behavior of the service interface requires that every request to a resource is independent of the previous ones facilitating scalability. Automated systems, e.g., hotel reservation systems, provide advanced scenarios for stateful services that require a certain sequence of requests that must be followed in order to fulfill the service goals. Designing and developing such services for advanced scenarios with REST constraints require rigorous approaches that are capable of creating web services that can be trusted for their behavior. Systems that can be trusted for their behavior can be termed as dependable systems. This thesis presents an integrated design, analysis and validation approach that facilitates the service developer to create dependable and stateful REST web services. The main contribution of this thesis is that we provide a novel model-driven methodology to design behavioral REST web service interfaces and their compositions. The behavioral interfaces provide information on what methods can be invoked on a service and the pre- and post-conditions of these methods. The methodology uses Unified Modeling Language (UML), as the modeling language, which has a wide user base and has mature tools that are continuously evolving. We have used UML class diagram and UML state machine diagram with additional design constraints to provide resource and behavioral models, respectively, for designing REST web service interfaces. These service design models serve as a specification document and the information presented in them have manifold applications. The service design models also contain information about the time and domain requirements of the service that can help in requirement traceability which is an important part of our approach. Requirement traceability helps in capturing faults in the design models and other elements of software development environment by tracing back and forth the unfulfilled requirements of the service. The information about service actors is also included in the design models which is required for authenticating the service requests by authorized actors since not all types of users have access to all the resources. In addition, following our design approach, the service developer can ensure that the designed web service interfaces will be REST compliant. The second contribution of this thesis is consistency analysis of the behavioral REST interfaces. To overcome the inconsistency problem and design errors in our service models, we have used semantic technologies. The REST interfaces are represented in web ontology language, OWL2, that can be part of the semantic web. These interfaces are used with OWL 2 reasoners to check unsatisfiable concepts which result in implementations that fail. This work is fully automated thanks to the implemented translation tool and the existing OWL 2 reasoners. The third contribution of this thesis is the verification and validation of REST web services. We have used model checking techniques with UPPAAL model checker for this purpose. The timed automata of UML based service design models are generated with our transformation tool that are verified for their basic characteristics like deadlock freedom, liveness, reachability and safety. The implementation of a web service is tested using a black-box testing approach. Test cases are generated from the UPPAAL timed automata and using the online testing tool, UPPAAL TRON, the service implementation is validated at runtime against its specifications. Requirement traceability is also addressed in our validation approach with which we can see what service goals are met and trace back the unfulfilled service goals to detect the faults in the design models. A final contribution of the thesis is an implementation of behavioral REST interfaces and service monitors from the service design models. The partial code generation tool creates code skeletons of REST web services with method pre and post-conditions. The preconditions of methods constrain the user to invoke the stateful REST service under the right conditions and the post condition constraint the service developer to implement the right functionality. The details of the methods can be manually inserted by the developer as required. We do not target complete automation because we focus only on the interface aspects of the web service. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated with a pedagogical example of a hotel room booking service and a relatively complex worked example of holiday booking service taken from the industrial context. The former example presents a simple explanation of the approach and the later worked example shows how stateful and timed web services offering complex scenarios and involving other web services can be constructed using our approach.

Un formalisme pour la traçabilité des transformations

Dans le développement logiciel en industrie, les documents de spécification jouent un rôle important pour la communication entre les analystes et les développeurs. Cependant, avec le temps, les changements de personel et les échéances toujours plus courtes, ces documents sont souvent obsolètes ou incohérents avec l'état effectif du système, i.e., son code source. Pourtant, il est nécessaire que les composants du système logiciel soient conservés à jour et cohérents avec leurs documents de spécifications pour faciliter leur développement et maintenance et, ainsi, pour en réduire les coûts. Maintenir la cohérence entre spécification et code source nécessite de pouvoir représenter les changements sur les uns et les autres et de pouvoir appliquer ces changements de manière cohérente et automatique. Nous proposons une solution permettant de décrire une représentation d'un logiciel ainsi qu'un formalisme mathématique permettant de décrire et de manipuler l'évolution des composants de ces représentations. Le formalisme est basé sur les triplets de Hoare pour représenter les transformations et sur la théorie des groupes et des homomorphismes de groupes pour manipuler ces transformations et permettrent leur application sur les différentes représentations du système. Nous illustrons notre formalisme sur deux représentations d'un système logiciel : PADL, une représentation architecturale de haut niveau (semblable à UML), et JCT, un arbre de syntaxe abstrait basé sur Java. Nous définissons également des transformations représentant l'évolution de ces représentations et la transposition permettant de reporter les transformations d'une représentation sur l'autre. Enfin, nous avons développé et décrivons brièvement une implémentation de notre illustration, un plugiciel pour l'IDE Eclipse détectant les transformations effectuées sur le code par les développeurs et un générateur de code pour l'intégration de nouvelles représentations dans l'implémentation.

Rétro-ingénierie des diagrammes de séquence par visualisation interactive

Nous proposons une approche semi-automatique pour la rétro-ingénierie des diagrammes de séquence d’UML. Notre approche commence par un ensemble de traces d'exécution qui sont automatiquement alignées pour déterminer le comportement commun du système. Les diagrammes de séquence sont ensuite extraits avec l’aide d’une visualisation interactive, qui permet la navigation dans les traces d'exécution et la production des opérations d'extraction. Nous fournissons une illustration concrète de notre approche avec une étude de cas, et nous montrons en particulier que nos diagrammes de séquence générés sont plus significatifs et plus compacts que ceux qui sont obtenus par les méthodes automatisées.

Rétro ingénierie des modèles d’objets dynamiques pour JavaScript

La compréhension des objets dans les programmes orientés objet est une tâche impor- tante à la compréhension du code. JavaScript (JS) est un langage orienté-objet dyna- mique, et son dynamisme rend la compréhension du code source très difficile. Dans ce mémoire, nous nous intéressons à l’analyse des objets pour les programmes JS. Notre approche construit de façon automatique un graphe d’objets inspiré du diagramme de classes d’UML à partir d’une exécution concrète d’un programme JS. Le graphe résul- tant montre la structure des objets ainsi que les interactions entre eux. Notre approche utilise une transformation du code source afin de produire cette in- formation au cours de l’exécution. Cette transformation permet de recueillir de l’infor- mation complète au sujet des objets crées ainsi que d’intercepter toutes les modifications de ces objets. À partir de cette information, nous appliquons plusieurs abstractions qui visent à produire une représentation des objets plus compacte et intuitive. Cette approche est implémentée dans l’outil JSTI. Afin d’évaluer l’utilité de l’approche, nous avons mesuré sa performance ainsi que le degré de réduction dû aux abstractions. Nous avons utilisé les dix programmes de réfé- rence de V8 pour cette comparaison. Les résultats montrent que JSTI est assez efficace pour être utilisé en pratique, avec un ralentissement moyen de 14x. De plus, pour 9 des 10 programmes, les graphes sont suffisamment compacts pour être visualisés. Nous avons aussi validé l’approche de façon qualitative en inspectant manuellement les graphes gé- nérés. Ces graphes correspondent généralement très bien au résultat attendu. Mots clés: Analyse de programmes, analyse dynamique, JavaScript, profilage.