Exposición, vulnerabilidad y perfil epidemiológico de trabajadores informales en el botadero a cielo abierto del cantón Portoviejo, Ecuador

El presente trabajo abarca un amplio estudio de la exposición, vulnerabilidad y el perfil epidemiológico de los recicladores informales y sus familias en el vertedero a cielo abierto del Cantón Portoviejo. Entrevistas y encuestas extensas posibilitaron la evaluación del proceso integrado de reciclaje y develaron detalles de las condiciones de vida y exposición ambiental de los trabajadores informales y sus familias. Además del proceso de discusión y reflexión colectiva, los trabajadores informales fueron sometidos a un examen clínico, a dos pruebas psicológicas (Epiestrés y Goldberg), y una prueba neuroconductual (Pentox). El estudio etnográfico transversal permitió la identificación y delimitación de los trabajadores informales y sus familias en 5 clases distintivas en función del tipo de actividad de reciclaje, las condiciones socio- económicas y de vida, la exposición y la vulnerabilidad a la contaminación, y el perfil epidemiológico. Se sugiere utilizar los resultados del estudio como base para un debate público por el fortalecimiento de las iniciativas de reciclaje informal así como la eliminación de la discriminación y la opresión hacia los recicladores y sus familias, que pertenecen a los estratos más pobres de la sociedad.

Perfil socioeconômico de pessoas com úlcera venosa: aspectos relevantes para a enfermagem

Traçar o perfil socioeconômico dos pacientes com úlcera venosa. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo, realizado com 50 pessoas no ambulatório de clínica cirúrgica do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes/HUOL, localizado no município de Natal/RN/Nordeste do Brasil, utilizando-se um roteiro de entrevista. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e armazenados numa planilha do software Excel e analisadas pela estatística descritiva. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CAAE 0038.0.294.000-11. Resultados: idade média de 59,72 anos, 66% pertenciam ao sexo feminino, 60% possuíam companheiro, a média de estudos foi de 4,98 (±3,36) anos e a renda familiar 2,3 salários mínimos. Encontrou-se, portanto, o perfil de pessoas com úlcera venosa semelhante ao evidenciado na literatura. Conclusão: é imprescindível conhecer as características dessa clientela para desenvolver estratégias visando à melhoria de suas condições de saúde

Perfil de cuidadores de idosos e percepção sobre saúde bucal

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil e conhecimento sobre saúde bucal de profissionais cuidadores de idosos, que atuam em três asilos da cidade de Araçatuba. Foram entrevistados 18 cuidadores de três instituições, com o auxílio de um formulário, visando avaliar o grau de conhecimento destes quanto aos aspectos de saúde bucal. em relação à formação escolar, 83,3% desses profissionais possuem curso técnico de auxiliar de enfermagem e 16,7% não apresentam qualquer tipo de formação técnica. Mais da metade dos entrevistados (61,11%) relatou ter iniciado o trabalho por necessidade, não por afinidade. Quanto ao conhecimento em saúde bucal, detectou-se carência de informações, sendo que a maior parte necessita de esclarecimento quanto aos problemas mais prevalentes que ocorrem na boca e muitos deles (55,56%) acreditam que a perda dos dentes faz parte do envelhecimento. Constatou-se que os cuidadores precisam ser informados sobre aspectos de saúde bucal voltados para idosos.

Análisis de situación y estado de los sistemas de salud de países del Caribe

Incluye Bibliografía

La salud y las mujeres en América Latina y el Caribe: viejos problemas y nuevos enfoques = Health and women in Latin America and the Caribbean: old issues and new approaches

Incluye Bibliografía

Reformas de gestión en salud en América Latina: los cuasimercados de Colombia, Argentina, Chile y Costa Rica

Incluye Bibliografía

Políticas y programas de salud en América Latina: problemas y propuestas

Incluye Bibliografía

Perfil de los países en relación con la mujer: estadísticas básicas

Incluye Bibliografía

Equidad y protección judicial del derecho a la salud en Colombia

Incluye bibliografía.

O perfil dos portadores do vírus HIV/AIDS usuários do Programa Municipal de DST/AIDS de Catanduva/SP: retrato de desigualdade

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

El aporte de las familias y las mujeres al cuidado no remunerado de la salud en el Uruguay

La constatación del aumento de las necesidades específicas de cuidados en salud producto sobre todo del proceso de envejecimiento y de la vulnerabilidad del sistema sanitario, el que está apoyado en las mujeres y en un modelo familiar biparental tradicional, han derivado en una serie de cuestionamientos. ¿Quiénes asumen los costos del cuidado no remunerado en salud en Uruguay?, ¿Qué perfil tienen las personas cuidadoras no remuneradas en salud?, ¿A quiénes cuidan? ¿Cuál es el vínculo que mantienen con el sistema institucional de salud? El presente documento busca responder a dichas interrogantes en base al análisis de la Encuesta Nacional de Cuidados No Remunerados en Salud (Uruguay 2013) realizada por el Equipo Sociología de Género del Departamento de Sociología de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de la República con el financiamiento del Programa de Investigación y Desarrollo de la Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (CSIC), y con apoyo del Programa de Naciones Unidas para Desarrollo (PNUD) y de la División de Asuntos de Género de CEPAL (DAG-CEPAL).

Estudo epidemiológico do perfil do idoso institucionalizado do interior paulista

The increase in the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon and has different consequences not only in terms of health, but also in terms of economy. One of those consequences is the institutionalization. The understanding of this process, as well as of the reality of the institutionalized elderly is essential to develop policies of care. Goals: a) present the epidemiological profile of institutionalized elderly who live in institutions in the countryside of São PauloState and describe the development of an extension project implemented in two elderly-care institutions (IRLPI’s). Methods and procedures: data were collected in three forms, from which it was possible to verify: a) institutional data; b) social data and c) data about general and mental health. The data related to health were collected from the medication of continuous use. All data were launched into the database (Access) and subjected to the descriptive statistical analysis. Data related to mental health were confirmed from the application of clinical trials (Geriatric Depression Scale – GDS and Mini Mental State Examination: MMSE).

Acogimiento en el proceso de formación de los odontologos en Brasil: un analisis en el contexto del Sistema Unico de Salud (SUS)

To define the profile of Dentistry’s academics, on the welcoming reception of patients/users attended in the Public Institution, under the guidelines of the SUS. Methods: A structured questionnaire was applied to 163 students, which contained questions that covered five variables (reception, dialogue and listening, action and care first contact, professional identity) and conducted an interview to associate to responses obtained during the first phase. Quantitative data were tabulated and analyzed by descriptive statistics in SPSS 16.0 and qualitative data analyzed through discourse of the collective subject. Results: It was observed that, intellectually, the most of student (70.7%) understand the concept and the repercussion of the welcoming reception process in health and many have caring characteristics. However, the pedagogic system formation makes it difficult or systemizes an integral and spontaneous welcoming action. Conclusions: The academics have the embracement profile but it is need more motivation in the humanization of the university teaching.

Avaliação do perfil de risco de cárie dentária em gestantes de Araraquara, Brasil

The knowledge of risk of carried during pregnant is essential for an appropriate treatment using educational and preventives actions to mother for a good care of their oral health and that of children. The main objective of present retrospective study was to identify the risk of caries of pregnants (aged 15-44, mean= 25 years) came to clinic of Preventive Odontology of Araraquara-UNSEP from 1999 to 2007, using 166 medical records obtained by the third pregraduate year students, following the pre-established guidelines. The information collected includes: classification of caries risk diagnosis, pregnancy trimester, carbohydrates ingestion (between or during foods), dental plaques (O'Leary's plaque control registry) and the number of teeth with caries. The statistical analysis used the Chi2 and ANOVA tests. Most of patients showed a 25 % or more of teeth surfaces with dental plaques (92.1 %) and carbohydrates consumption among foods (89.2 %). The mean (SD) of carried and restores teeth was of 7.9 (5.1) and 4.0 (3.4), respectively and the posterior teeth were the more involved by caries/restorations. As regards the diagnosis of caries risk, classification of high risk was observed in the 38.5 % of pregnants, moderate in the 47.6 %) and low in the 13.9 %. There was a statistically significant association (p= 0.001) between the carbohydrates consumption and the diagnosis of caries risk. The plaque's rate was similar in the different trimesters of pregnancy (f= 0.223; p= 0.803). The caries risk of most pregnant women was high or moderate and it was associated with the consumption of carbohydrates.

Perfil de Aglutininas Anti-leptospira e anti-brucella e condições sanitárias de ovinos da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

The sheep industry has become increasingly prominent in agribusiness, transforming the stage production of Brazil, and thus contributes more to the socio-economic development of the country. The work aimed to verify the occurrence of brucellosis and leptospirosis in sheep from northwestern São Paulo state. In addition to determining the prevalence of major Leptospira in the region and to trace the diagnosis of sheep breeding in this part of the country. All the 1222 sheep serum samples from 49 properties did not react serologically to evidentiary testing for brucellosis, compared to antigens of B. abortus and B. ovis used in the testing of 2-ME and IDGA, respectively. The Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) test revealed that 19.14% (232/1212) of samples were positive for one or more serovars, with titles ranging from 100 to 800. The most frequent serovar was hebdomadis in the region, with Sentot and Sherman (18.10%, 11.64% and 8.62%, respectively). By profiling the system of sheep farming in the region, we found that most herds are composed of more than one race being the main purpose is for the court. According to the scheme adopted immunoprophylactics there is a homogeneous set schedule. It adopts the use of anti-helminth, non-prescription veterinary antibiotic. There is also the presence of diarrhea and abortions and the lack of criteria for los ovinos on management, making it the need for emergency development of programs for disease control, schema immunoprophylactics adequate sanitation and hygienic measures in sheep breeding.