287 resultados para Passiflora setacea


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Este trabalho teve como finalidade estimar a divergência genética entre acessos de maracujazeiro (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.) conservados na coleção de trabalho da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Semi-Árido, em Petrolina-PE. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. A avaliação foi realizada em 32 acessos, com base em 23 caracteres: dois relativos à planta, três às folhas, seis às flores, quatro aos frutos, quatro às sementes, dois às características químicas dos frutos e dois à produção. O comportamento dos acessos foi pesquisado pelas análises univariada e multivariada, com estimativas das dissimilaridades obtidas pela distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (D²) e formação do agrupamento pelo método de Tocher. Os acessos apresentaram variabilidade genética para todos os descritores utilizados na avaliação. As distâncias genéticas entre pares de acessos variaram de 17 a 598, com média 152. O acesso 18-D0542 foi indicado como o mais divergente e o mais produtivo, devendo compor programas de intercruzamentos e ser recomendado para cultivos experimentais por produtores. As características de maior importância para a divergência genética foram: a massa total dos frutos (42,29%), a viabilidade de pólen (8,62%) e a área foliar (7,16%). O agrupamento dos acessos não se correlaciona às Unidades Geoambientais originais de coleta.

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O trabalho foi realizado na Área de Propagação de Fruteiras do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, e em área de produtor, no município de Araguari-MG, com o objetivo de verificar o potencial de crescimento vegetativo (diâmetro do caule, altura de plantas e número de folhas) de plantas de maracujá-doce (Passiflora alata Dryander), obtidas por estaquia e por semente, comparando o desenvolvimento inicial de plantas no campo. O experimento foi conduzido no período de janeiro de 2002 a fevereiro de 2003. A formação de mudas por semente foi realizada em casa de vegetação e, por estaca, em câmara de nebulização intermitente, sob condições de telado. As estacas e sementes foram coletadas de plantas adultas, oriundas do Banco de Germoplasma Ativo (BAG) do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da FCAV/UNESP. Para as estacas, utilizou-se a parte intermediária de ramos em estádio de crescimento vegetativo. As sementes, para a obtenção das plântulas, foram semeadas em bandejas plásticas. Efetuou-se o transplantio de estacas e de plântulas, para sacos de polietileno, mantido sob telado e irrigado diariamente por aspersão, para aclimatação e plantio no campo, após 60 dias. O diâmetro do caule, a altura e o número de folhas de plantas obtidas por estaca foram maiores do que nas obtidas por semente, em Jaboticabal-SP. Já em Araguari-MG, o diâmetro do caule foi maior naquelas oriundas de semente, enquanto a altura e o número de folhas foram maiores nas plantas propagadas por estacas.

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We present evidences that ultrastructural electron microscope findings are valuable ways to understand the in vitro regeneration process, in particular in the yellow passion fruit. Shoot-regeneration was induced in hypocotyl and leaf-derived explants using 4.44 mu M BAP, and the entire organogenic process was analyzed using conventional histology, scanning and transmission electronic microscopy. Both direct and indirect regeneration modes were observed in hypocotyl explants, but only direct regeneration occurred in leaf-derived cultures. In the direct pathway from both explant types, meristemoids developed into globular structures, here called protuberances. The peripheral meristematic layers of the protuberances displayed ultrastructural characteristics indicative of a high metabolic activity, and only these cells originated shoots and leaf primordia, the latter being frequent when leaf explants were used. Moreover, the peripheral cells of the protuberances derived from leaf explants lost adhesion during the culture, diminishing the regeneration rates. We recommend the use of hypocotyls as a source of explant to obtain shoots as well as a genetic transformation system for the yellow passion fruit. However, the direct pathway is preferred because a type of amitosis occurred in the peripheral cells of hypocotyl-derived calli, which has the potential to result in genetic instability of the regenerating plants/tissue.

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Dry extract of the genus Passiflora has been shown to help control glycemia and lipid levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of passion fruit (P. edulis) on the biochemical profile of offspring from diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. The diabetes group consisted of 10 rats with glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dL; the nondiabetic (control) group consisted of 10 rats with glucose levels less than 120 mg/dL. After the diagnosis of diabetes, the mating phase was started. By day 21 of pregnancy, the offspring were born; the dams were kept in individual cages with their offspring until the weaning period. The offspring were then divided into 4 groups (n = 15 each): G1 were offspring from control dams, G2 were offspring from treated nondiabetic dams, G3 were offspring from diabetic dams, and G4 were offspring from treated diabetic dams. For 30 consecutive days, G1 and G3 offspring were treated with vehicle (oral gavage) and G2 and G4 offspring were treated with passion fruit juice (oral gavage). After 30-day treatment, the animals were anesthetized and killed, and blood was drawn immediately for analysis of the biochemical profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose). The G2 and G4 rats showed significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and an increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. The use of passion fruit juice improved lipid profiles, suggesting that this plant may have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemias and hyperglycemia.

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This work objectified the study of sucrose and sorbitol effect in the in vitro conservation for Passiflora giberti N. E. Brown, access. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design to compare control treatment (standard MS) to MS medium supplemented with three sucrose concentrations (0, 15 and 30 g L -1) combined with three sorbitol concentrations (10, 20 and 40 g L -1), in a total of 10 treatments with 20 replicas. The experiment evaluation was carried out at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of incubation, whereas the height of shoots (cm), number of roots, number and color of leaves were observed. The results showed the possibility to maintain passion-fruit microplants for a four months period under slow growth in MS medium supplemented with 10 or 20 g L -1 of sorbitol, without sucrose, and kept under 16 hours photoperiod (22 μ E m -2 s -1) and temperature of 27 ± 1°C. Sucrose sustained the longest development of the microplants. Root formation was affected by the sorbitol in the concentration of 40 g L -1 and by the absence of sucrose in the culture medium.

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The shelf life of the organic passion fruit pulp, both fresh and pasteurized at 70C and 90C and stored under refrigeration, was evaluated. The heat treatment did not affect the sensory and physicochemical characteristics of the pasteurized pulps when compared with the fresh pulp, except for the ascorbic acid content. The pulps were also microbiologically safe. The pulps pasteurized at 70 and 90C were suitable for consumption for a minimum shelf-life period of 207 days of storage under refrigeration and for the fresh pulp it was attributed a shelf-life period of 60 to 90 days. The pulp pasteurized at 70C showed higher acceptance scores for all the attributes and purchase intention scores, suggesting a more stable behavior and higher sensory quality. Practical Applications: This work intended to evaluate the influence of the minimum pasteurization on the sensory acceptance and microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of the organic passion fruit pulp stored under refrigeration, with the aim to identify the shelf life. Heat treatment is one of the processes used for food preservation. Lower pasteurization temperature than that used by the Brazilian industries and storage under refrigeration showed to be appropriate for passion fruit pulp quality. In this way, the microbiological, physicochemical and sensory features of passion fruit were preserved. This work can be used as a reference for passion fruit pasteurization, which is able to increase the shelf life of this fruit while preserving its desirable original features. Journal Compilation © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)