Effects of Landscape Segregation on Livelihood Vulnerability: Moving From Extensive Shifting Cultivation to Rotational Agriculture and Natural Forests in Northern Laos

This study investigates four decades of socio-economic and environmental change in a shifting cultivation landscape in the northern uplands of Laos. Historical changes in land cover and land use were analyzed using a chronological series of remote sensing data. Impacts of landscape change on local livelihoods were investigated in seven villages through interviews with various stakeholders. The study reveals that the complex mosaics of agriculture and forest patches observed in the study area have long constituted key assets for the resilience of local livelihood systems in the face of environmental and socio-economic risks. However, over the past 20 years, a process of segregating agricultural and forest spaces has increased the vulnerability of local land users. This process is a direct outcome of policies aimed at increasing national forest cover, eradicating shifting cultivation and fostering the emergence of more intensive and commercial agricultural practices. We argue that agriculture-forest segregation should be buffered in such a way that a diversity of livelihood opportunities and economic development pathways can be maintained.

Engaging Local Communities in Low Emissions Land-Use Planning: a Case Study from Laos

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and enhancing forest carbon stocks (REDD+) is a performance-based payment mechanism currently being debated in international and national environmental policy and planning forums. As the mechanism is based on conditionality, payments must reflect land stewards’ level of compliance with carbon-efficient management practices. However, lack of clarity in land governance and carbon rights could undermine REDD+ implementation. Strategies are needed to avoid perverse incentives resulting from the commoditization of forest carbon stocks and, importantly, to identify and secure the rights of legitimate recipients of future REDD+ payments. We propose a landscape-level approach to address potential conflicts related to carbon tenure and REDD+ benefit sharing. We explore various land-tenure scenarios and their implications for carbon ownership in the context of a research site in northern Laos. Our case study shows that a combination of relevant scientific tools, knowledge, and participatory approaches can help avoid the marginalization of rural communities during the REDD+ process. The findings demonstrate that participatory land-use planning is an important step in ensuring that local communities are engaged in negotiating REDD+ schemes and that such negotiations are transparent. Local participation and agreements on land-use plans could provide a sound basis for developing efficient measurement, reporting, and verification systems for REDD+.

Alegacion en hecho y derecho en la causa de milicia... de Juan de Vergara contra el Procurador Patrimonial... y real de la ciudad de Valencia y Sindico de... Novelda

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: Noticias que se proponen (XVII/724).

Representacion Iuridica, y politica, que hazen los Ilustres Syndico, y Electos de los señores de vasallos de este Reyno, al ... Arzobispo de Valencia. Sobre Que mande modificar, ô declarar favorablemente ... el Decreto Synodal...

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Alegacion en derecho por el ... Duque de Lezera, conde de Belchite y Sinarcas, ... Baron de la Villa de Catarroja ... en el pleyto de recurso y demanda respective con diez y seis terratenientes en dicha baronia sobre negarse con nouedad a pagar el quinto de Azeytunas, y acudir à la Almacera de su Exc.ª para la molienda

Texto fechado en Valencia a 7 de Julio de 1753

Tratado de la Nobleza de la Corona de Aragon : especialmente del Reyno de Valencia, comparada con la de Castilla, para ilustracion de la Real Cedula del Señor Don Luis I de 14 de Agosto de 1724

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