Uterine evaluation and gestation diagnosis in owl monkey (Aotus azarai infulatus) using the B mode ultrasound

Background Gynecological and obstetrical ultrasonography has become an indispensable tool in the routine management, health evaluation and research on captive non-human primates.Methods Ultrasound was used to evaluate the uterus and estimate the gestation of owl monkeys. Twelve couples were selected, where five were primiparous and seven multiparous females from the National Primate Center reproductive colony, Ananindeua-PA, Brazil. The procedures were carried out using the GE (R) Logiq 100 MP, equipped with a 7.5 MHz linear probe.Results the females showed a simple uterus, of elongated shape, regular outline and homogeneous echogenic texture. In the uterine measurements craniocaudal diameter, dorsoventral diameter and uterine volume (UV), significant differences were identified (P < 0.05) between ultrasound examinations of primiparous and multiparous females. The UV showed a positive correlation with the number of births. The gestational sac and the embryonic echo were visible between 28 and 38 days after mating. Between 48 and 68 days after mating, embryonic death was identified in all the gestations.Conclusions the chemical (use of tranquilizers) and husbandry factors (capture stress) may be related to the prenatal death. The establishing methods of conditioning the female to the ultrasonographic exam may offer a solution to this problem.

Panoramic view of the occurrence of Yersinia species other than Y. pestis in Brazil

Data on the occurrence of Yersinia species, other than Y. pestis in Brazil are presented. Over the past 40 years, 767 Yersinia strains have been identified and typed by the National Reference Center on Yersinia spp. other than Y. pestis, using the classical biochemical tests for species characterization. The strains were further classified into biotypes, serotypes and phagetypes when pertinent. These tests led to the identification of Yersinia cultures belonging to the species Y. enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Y. intermedia, Y. frederiksenii and Y. kristensenii. Six isolates could not be classified in any of the known Yersinia species and for this reason were defined as Non-typable (NT). The bio-sero-phagetypes of these strains were diverse. The following species of Yersinia were not identified among the Brazilian strains by the classical phenotypic or biochemical tests: Y. aldovae, Y. rhodei, Y. mollaretti, Y. bercovieri and Y. ruckeri. The Yersinia strains were isolated from clinical material taken from sick and/or healthy humans and animals, from various types of food and from the environment, by investigators of various Institutions localized in different cities and regions of Brazil.

Avaliação de diluidores à base de gema de ovo e de lecitina de soja para a congelação de sêmen de Alouatta caraya

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação uterina e diagnóstico da gestação em macaco-da-noite (Aotus azarai infulatus) por ultra-som em modo-B

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A informação ambiental em sistema cooperativo automatizado: o Siamaz

Descreve o Siamaz, um sistema cooperativo e automatizado de informação – com ênfase à questão ambiental – no âmbito dos oito países amazônicos. Discorre sobre seus objetivos gerais e premissas básicas de concepção, sua estrutura operacional em forma de rede cooperativa descentralizada. Relata a experiência do InformAM, que atua como Centro Coordenador Nacional do Siamaz no Brasil, e sobre os recursos para implantação e desenvolvimento do sistema.

Ativação espermática e criopreservação do sêmen de macaco-prego (Cebus apella) em diluidores à base de água de coco in natura e TES-TRIS

A espécie Cebus apella (macaco-prego) é amplamente utilizada como modelo experimental na pesquisa biomédica. Entretanto, são escassos os estudos dedicados a avaliar o sêmen desses animais, que é composto por uma fração líquida e uma coagulada de difícil manipulação e alta concentração de espermatozóides imóveis. Portanto, objetivou-se I) avaliar o efeito de duas concentrações de cafeína (6 e 10 mM/mL) diluídas em TES-TRIS e água de coco in natura (ACIN) na ativação de espermatozóides de C. apella e II) testar um protocolo de criopreservação do sêmen comparando dois diluidores (TES-TRIS e ACIN) acrescidos de gema de ovo e glicerol. O sêmen de seis animais mantidos no Centro Nacional de Primatas foi coletado por eletroejaculação, diluído na fração-A de TES-TRIS ou ACIN, e incubado a 35°C até dissolução do coágulo seminal. O tempo de liquefação foi comparado. Posteriormente foi mensurado volume, concentração, morfologia espermática e percentual de espermatozóides vivos. No experimento I as amostras foram diluídas em TES-TRIS ou ACIN acrescidos de 6 e 10 mM de cafeína após o término da motilidade durante a liquefação e mantidas a 35°C. Motilidade e vigor foram avaliados por 5 h. Para o experimento II, após liquefação, o sêmen foi diluído na fração-B (fração-A + gema de ovo e glicerol) dos diluidores, envasado, resfriado a 4°C (2 h), em seguida a -60°C (20 min), antes de ser mergulhado em nitrogênio líquido. O sêmen foi descongelado a 35°C (5 min). Os resultados foram expressos como média ± EP. O efeito dos diluidores foi comparado pelo teste t Student e ANOVA (p _ 0,05). O coágulo liquefez em 4,5 ± 1,7 e 2,8 ± 1,1 horas (p < 0,05) em TES-TRIS e ACIN respectivamente. O volume médio, concentração, percentual de espermatozóides normais e vivos antes de congelação foi respectivamente 0,6 ± 0,2 mL; 1.806 ± 367 x 106 espermatozóides/mL; 81,3 ± 2, e 40,1 ± 3,3 (TES-TRIS) e 30,9 ± 4 (ACIN). A duração da motilidade em TES-TRIS e ACIN foi, respectivamente, 5 ± 1,4 e 1 ± 0,5 h. A motilidade média nesse período foi 38 ± 10% (TES-TRIS) e 18 ± 9% (ACIN). Foi verificado aumento da motilidade após adição de cafeína apenas nas amostras diluídas em ACIN 6 mM (21 ± 9%) e ACIN 10 mM (22 ± 11) (p > 0,05). O percentual de espermatozóides vivos após descongelação foi 26,2% em TES-TRIS e 13,2% em ACIN (p < 0,05). Para a criopreservação de sêmen de C. apella TES-TRIS é mais indicado e pode, assim como ACIN + cafeína, ser empregado na inseminação artificial com sêmen a fresco diluído.

Evaluation of sperm quality in successive regular collections from captive black-and-gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pesquisa de genomas virais em primatas não humanos do novo mundo por metagenômica

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

O pensamento psicanalítico sobre autismo a partir da análise da revista

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

School inclusion: analyzing the establishment and organization of a special needs education service in a brazilian municipality

The present research integrates a network of studies called National Monitoring Center for Special Education (NMCSE) which studies the Multi-purpose Feature Rooms (MFRs) in regular schools. We aim to investigate whether the service offered by such rooms, maintained by the Department of Education of the Municipality of Araraquara, in São Paulo State, Brazil, is being successful at supporting the education of children and youth with special needs, pervasive developmental disorders and high skilled/gifted individuals. We have also investigated the limits and possibilities of such rooms concerning the set of services offered to their participants. In order to conduct the present research, we have performed: an interview with the Special Education Program manager from the abovementioned Department of Education; and the analysis of a Training Program that MFRs teachers must take. The training program consists of ten morning and afternoon shift meetings. The analyzed data leads us to conclude that the policy of implementation of MFRs, even in this relatively restricted universe is seen from different perspectives. Some interpretations are still permeated by the clinical model, considering individual action. The challenges observed in the classrooms show that the cooperation among teachers still occur randomly and, among other difficulties raised by them, is the selection of the right placement methods to identify eligible students who will benefit from the Specialized Educational Service (SES). In addition, teaching evaluation was considered fragile, as well as the training and the general requirements demanded in order to achieve the expected results.

Chemopreventive actions of blond and red-fleshed sweet orange juice on the loucy leukemia cell line

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Evaluation of operational SSM/I ice-concentration algorithms

The United States National Ice Center (NIC) provides weekly ice analyses of the Arctic and Antarctic using information from ice reconnaissance, ship reports and high-resolution satellite imagery. In cloud-covered areas and regions lacking imagery, the higher-resolution sources are augmented by ice concentrations derived from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSMII) passive-microwave imagery. However, the SSMII-derived ice concentrations are limited by low resolution and uncertainties in thin-ice regions. Ongoing research at NIC is attempting to improve the utility of these SSMII products for operational sea-ice analyses. The refinements of operational algorithms may also aid future scientific studies. Here we discuss an evaluation of the standard operational ice-concentration algorithm, Cal/Val, with a possible alternative, a modified NASA Team algorithm. The modified algorithm compares favorably with CallVal and is a substantial improvement over the standard NASA Team algorithm in thin-ice regions that are of particular interest to operational activities.

The use of remote sensing imagery for monitoring recovery in the aftermath of a natural disaster: the Hurricane Katrina Case

Although Recovery is often defined as the less studied and documented phase of the Emergency Management Cycle, a wide literature is available for describing characteristics and sub-phases of this process. Previous works do not allow to gain an overall perspective because of a lack of systematic consistent monitoring of recovery utilizing advanced technologies such as remote sensing and GIS technologies. Taking into consideration the key role of Remote Sensing in Response and Damage Assessment, this thesis is aimed to verify the appropriateness of such advanced monitoring techniques to detect recovery advancements over time, with close attention to the main characteristics of the study event: Hurricane Katrina storm surge. Based on multi-source, multi-sensor and multi-temporal data, the post-Katrina recovery was analysed using both a qualitative and a quantitative approach. The first phase was dedicated to the investigation of the relation between urban types, damage and recovery state, referring to geographical and technological parameters. Damage and recovery scales were proposed to review critical observations on remarkable surge- induced effects on various typologies of structures, analyzed at a per-building level. This wide-ranging investigation allowed a new understanding of the distinctive features of the recovery process. A quantitative analysis was employed to develop methodological procedures suited to recognize and monitor distribution, timing and characteristics of recovery activities in the study area. Promising results, gained by applying supervised classification algorithms to detect localization and distribution of blue tarp, have proved that this methodology may help the analyst in the detection and monitoring of recovery activities in areas that have been affected by medium damage. The study found that Mahalanobis Distance was the classifier which provided the most accurate results, in localising blue roofs with 93.7% of blue roof classified correctly and a producer accuracy of 70%. It was seen to be the classifier least sensitive to spectral signature alteration. The application of the dissimilarity textural classification to satellite imagery has demonstrated the suitability of this technique for the detection of debris distribution and for the monitoring of demolition and reconstruction activities in the study area. Linking these geographically extensive techniques with expert per-building interpretation of advanced-technology ground surveys provides a multi-faceted view of the physical recovery process. Remote sensing and GIS technologies combined to advanced ground survey approach provides extremely valuable capability in Recovery activities monitoring and may constitute a technical basis to lead aid organization and local government in the Recovery management.