Automatic Structure Generation using Genetic Programming and Fractal Geometry

Three dimensional model design is a well-known and studied field, with numerous real-world applications. However, the manual construction of these models can often be time-consuming to the average user, despite the advantages o ffered through computational advances. This thesis presents an approach to the design of 3D structures using evolutionary computation and L-systems, which involves the automated production of such designs using a strict set of fitness functions. These functions focus on the geometric properties of the models produced, as well as their quantifiable aesthetic value - a topic which has not been widely investigated with respect to 3D models. New extensions to existing aesthetic measures are discussed and implemented in the presented system in order to produce designs which are visually pleasing. The system itself facilitates the construction of models requiring minimal user initialization and no user-based feedback throughout the evolutionary cycle. The genetic programming evolved models are shown to satisfy multiple criteria, conveying a relationship between their assigned aesthetic value and their perceived aesthetic value. Exploration into the applicability and e ffectiveness of a multi-objective approach to the problem is also presented, with a focus on both performance and visual results. Although subjective, these results o er insight into future applications and study in the fi eld of computational aesthetics and automated structure design.

Exploration de la dynamique entre les demandes, ressources au travail et la santé psychologique au travail.

Plusieurs interventions visant à améliorer la santé psychologique au travail reposent sur une conceptualisation pathogénique où celle-ci est représentée par une absence d’états psychologiques négatifs (Randall & Nielsen, 2010). Or, elle représenterait à la fois l’absence d’états négatifs de détresse psychologique au travail et la présence d’états positifs de bien-être psychologique au travail (Gilbert, Dagenais-Desmarais, & Savoie, 2011). Ceci suggère qu’afin de maximiser l’impact des interventions, il serait pertinent d’indiquer aux intervenants des leviers pouvant influencer les volets positifs et négatifs de la santé psychologique au travail. Parmi ces leviers, Gilbert (2009) a identifié les demandes et les ressources au travail. Cependant, les modèles théoriques traitant de l’impact de demandes et de ressources sur des états positifs et négatifs tendent à traiter de ces effets de manière indépendante et aucun ne formule de propositions concernant l’impact potentiel de ces leviers sur un état complet et unifié de santé psychologique au travail (e.g., Job Demand-Control(-Support) de Karasek & Theorell, 1990; Job Demands-Resources de Bakker & Demerouti, 2007). En considérant l’aspect interrelié et distinct de la facette positive et négative de la santé psychologique au travail, la présente thèse vise donc à explorer la dynamique entre les demandes, les ressources et un état complet et unifié de santé psychologique au travail. Pour ce faire, un article théorique et un article empirique sont présentés. L’article théorique intègre différentes théories afin d’apporter un éclairage sur l’incidence des demandes et ressources au travail sur un état complet et unifié de santé psychologique au travail, et d’expliquer simultanément l’influence de ces aspects du travail sur les facettes de bien-être et de détresse au travail. Il avance ainsi que, telles que définies par le modèle Job Demand-Resources (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007), les demandes tendraient a davantage représenter des menaces que des défis et auraient alors des effets néfastes sur un état complet de santé psychologique au travail et ses facettes positifs et négatifs. D’autre part, il est suggéré que lorsque les demandes sont élevées, avoir suffisamment de ressources pour se sentir capable de répondre avec succès aux demandes pourrait amener celles-ci à moins représenter des menaces et davantage représenter des défis. Comparativement à une situation où les ressources sont insuffisantes, cette première situation accroîtrait un état complet de santé psychologique au travail, de même que l’intensité de son volet positif, tandis que l’intensité de son volet négatif serait amoindrie. Enfin, il est suggéré que les ressources au travail faciliteraient la satisfaction des besoins psychologiques fondamentaux, ce qui aurait un effet bénéfique sur un état complet de santé psychologique au travail, de même que sur ses facettes. Pour sa part, l’article empirique vise à explorer empiriquement la dynamique entre les demandes, ressources et un état unifié et complet de santé psychologique au travail. Pour ce faire, deux études utilisant des modélisations par équations structurelles sont effectuées. La première utilise un devis transversal et deux échantillons de 302 et 384 enseignants. Elle montre que les demandes et ressources au travail ont une incidence directe respectivement nocive et bénéfique sur la santé psychologique au travail. Cependant, contrairement à ce qui était attendu, les ressources au travail n’auraient pas d’effet modérateur. Ces résultats sont similaires d’un échantillon à l’autre. La seconde étude utilise un devis longitudinal, deux temps de mesure avec une année d’intervalle et un échantillon de 158 enseignants. Suite à une comparaison des relations de causalité normale, inverse et réciproque; elle démontre que la causalité normale serait le type de relation qui expliquerait le mieux les données. Ce constat vient donc renforcer les résultats de l’étude précédente et suggère qu’une diminution des demandes et une augmentation des ressources s’accompagneraient d’une augmentation de la santé psychologique au travail. En explorant théoriquement et empiriquement la dynamique entre les demandes, les ressources et la santé psychologique au travail, la présente thèse offre des bases théoriques novatrices et des bases empiriques solides pour les recherches traitant de demandes et de ressources au travail qui désire étudier un état complet et unifié de santé psychologique au travail, et considérer l’aspect distinct et interdépendant de ses facettes positives et négatives. En pratique, une telle approche permettrait aux décideurs de plus facilement identifier les leviers sur lesquels il importe d’investir pour maximiser la santé psychologique, car cette dernière serait représentée par un critère unique plutôt que plusieurs critères séparés (Mihalopoulos, Carter, Pirkis, & Vos, 2013).

Entrepreneurship and Motivation in Small Business Sector of Kerala

This thesis Entitled entrepreneurship and motivation in small business sector of kerala -A study of rubber products manufacturing industry.Rubber-based industry in Kerala was established only in the first half of the 20th century.the number of licensed manufacturers in the State has increased substantially over the years, particularly in the post- independence period. 54 rubber manufacturing units in 1965-66, the number of licensed rubber-based industrial units has increased to 1300 units in 2001-02. In 2001-02 Kerala occupied the primary position in the number of rubber goods manufacturers in the country.As per the latest report of the Third All India Census of Small Scale Industries 2001-02, Kerala has the third largest number of registered small scale units in the country next after Tamil Nadu and Utter Pradesh.This study of entrepreneurship in the small-scale rubber goods manufacturing industry in Kerala compares a cross section of successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs with respect to socio-economic characteristics and motivational dynamics. Based on a sample survey of 120 entrepreneurs of Kottayam and Ernakulam districts successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs were selected using multiple criteria. The study provides guidelines for the development of entrepreneurship in Kerala.The results on the socio-economic survey support the hypothesis that the successful entrepreneurs will differ from unsuccessful entrepreneurs with respect to education, social contacts, initial investment, sales turnover, profits, capital employed, personal income, and number of employees.Successful entrepreneurs were found to be self~starters. Successful entrepreneurs adopted a lot more technological changes than unsuccessful entrepreneurs. Successful entrepreneurs were more innovative — the percent of successful entrepreneurs and unsuccessful entrepreneurs reporting innovations in business were 31.50 and 8.50 percent respectively.

Assessing nitrogen dynamics in European ecosystems, integrating measurement and modelling: conclusions

This contribution closes this special issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences concerning the assessment of nitrogen dynamics in catchments across Europe within a semi-distributed Integrated Nitrogen model for multiple source assessment in Catchments (INCA). New developments in the understanding of the factors and processes determining the concentrations and loads of nitrogen are outlined. The ability of the INCA model to simulate the hydrological and nitrogen dynamics of different European ecosystems is assessed and the results of the first scenario analyses investigating the impacts of deposition, climatic and land-use change on the nitrogen dynamics are summarised. Consideration is given as to how well the model has performed as a generic too] for describing the nitrogen dynamics of European ecosystems across Arctic, Maritime. Continental and Mediterranean climates, its role in new research initiatives and future research requirements.

Assessing nitrogen dynamics in European ecosystems, integrating measurement and modelling: conclusions

This contribution closes this special issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences concerning the assessment of nitrogen dynamics in catchments across Europe within a semi-distributed Integrated Nitrogen model for multiple source assessment in Catchments (INCA). New developments in the understanding of the factors and processes determining the concentrations and loads of nitrogen are outlined. The ability of the INCA model to simulate the hydrological and nitrogen dynamics of different European ecosystems is assessed and the results of the first scenario analyses investigating the impacts of deposition, climatic and land-use change on the nitrogen dynamics are summarised. Consideration is given as to how well the model has performed as a generic too] for describing the nitrogen dynamics of European ecosystems across Arctic, Maritime. Continental and Mediterranean climates, its role in new research initiatives and future research requirements.

A model of intelligent building energy management for the indoor environment

People's interaction with the indoor environment plays a significant role in energy consumption in buildings. Mismatching and delaying occupants' feedback on the indoor environment to the building energy management system is the major barrier to the efficient energy management of buildings. There is an increasing trend towards the application of digital technology to support control systems in order to achieve energy efficiency in buildings. This article introduces a holistic, integrated, building energy management model called `smart sensor, optimum decision and intelligent control' (SMODIC). The model takes into account occupants' responses to the indoor environments in the control system. The model of optimal decision-making based on multiple criteria of indoor environments has been integrated into the whole system. The SMODIC model combines information technology and people centric concepts to achieve energy savings in buildings.

Drug holidays from ADHD medication: international experience over the past four decades

Objective: ADHD is managed by stimulants that are effective but can cause growth retardation. Prescribers should ideally monitor children and trial a “drug holiday” to enable catch-up growth. Our aim was to map the experience of drug holidays from ADHD medication in children and adolescents. Method: A comprehensive search of the literature identified 22 studies published during the period 1972 to 2013. Results: Drug holidays are prevalent in 25% to 70% of families and are more likely to be exercised during school holidays. They test whether medication is still needed and are also considered for managing medication side effects and drug tolerance. The impact of drug holidays was reported in terms of side effects and ADHD symptoms. There was evidence of a positive impact on child growth with longer breaks from medication, and shorter breaks could reduce insomnia and improve appetite. Conclusion: Drug holidays from ADHD medication could be a useful tool with multiple purposes: assessment, management, prevention, and negotiation.

Modelo de decisão multicritério para seleções interciclo das universidades novas: estudo na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

The discussions wherein develop proposals for university reform in Brazil include, among other things, the conception of the university titled "New University", whose structural origin comes from the bill of higher education reform and unification of the foundations of education European upper (Bologna process). At its core, the Bologna process has imposed a series of transformations, among which, the promotion of mobility, as a stimulus to interinstitutional cooperation to enable an better and bigger qualification of the students. Nevertheless, what we see is that this point is one of the main points made flawed by Brazilian institutions that have adopted this model of higher education. An example is the Bachelor of Science and Technology - BC&T, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, where there are problems of the internal order, represented by the problem of the reusing of the disciplines, such also of external order, in cases of transfers interinstitutional. Because of this, and knowing that this is a typical problem in which multiple criteria are involved, the aim of this study is to propose a multicriteria model for selection of interciclo of the BC&T of the UFRN which addresses the issue of mobility. For this, this study was of exploratory and study case nature, use as tools of data collection, the bibliographic and documentary research, as well as semi-structured interviews. For the elaboration of the model, were used the five phases most commonly used in the modeling of problems in operational research in a sample of 91 students of BC&T. As a result, we obtained a model that addresses the issue of internal and external mobility of the school and that, moreover, was also more robust and fair than the current model of BC&T and also what is used in other courses of the UFRN, taking into consideration the expected results by the decision makers

MoSAC: um módulo para seleção de configurações arquiteturais baseado em critérios de QoS no contexto de sistema distribuídos autoadaptativos

The process for choosing the best components to build systems has become increasingly complex. It becomes more critical if it was need to consider many combinations of components in the context of an architectural configuration. These circumstances occur, mainly, when we have to deal with systems involving critical requirements, such as the timing constraints in distributed multimedia systems, the network bandwidth in mobile applications or even the reliability in real-time systems. This work proposes a process of dynamic selection of architectural configurations based on non-functional requirements criteria of the system, which can be used during a dynamic adaptation. This proposal uses the MAUT theory (Multi-Attribute Utility Theory) for decision making from a finite set of possibilities, which involve multiple criteria to be analyzed. Additionally, it was proposed a metamodel which can be used to describe the application s requirements in terms of the non-functional requirements criteria and their expected values, to express them in order to make the selection of the desired configuration. As a proof of concept, it was implemented a module that performs the dynamic choice of configurations, the MoSAC. This module was implemented using a component-based development approach (CBD), performing a selection of architectural configurations based on the proposed selection process involving multiple criteria. This work also presents a case study where an application was developed in the context of Digital TV to evaluate the time spent on the module to return a valid configuration to be used in a middleware with autoadaptative features, the middleware AdaptTV

Modelo de Gerenciamento da Logística Reversa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Measuring the efficiency of outsourcing: An illustrative case study from the aerospace industry

Outsourcing is related to the action which an organization deals with its suppliers through a kind of business contract where a specific activity or service has been hired to be made. The outsourcing of some activities has become a common practice in the industry, nowadays. It reduces costs, significantly, in the production process and, at the same time, adds some values to the business organization. However it is necessary to measure the performance of these activities. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method useful to measure comparative performance. It has a wide range of applications measuring comparative efficiency. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a multiple criteria decision-making method that uses hierarchic structures to represent a decision problem and then develops priorities for the alternatives based on the decision-maker's judgments. This paper presents an integrated application based on DEA and AHP to evaluate the efficiency of subcontracted companies in a Brazilian aerospace factory. © 2007 Springer-Verlag London Limited.

Selecting the most adequate bedding material for broiler production in Brazil

Broiler chicken production is widely dispersed across the globe, and one important issue for growers is the selection of adequate bedding material, as the availability and price of substrates varies among countries and regions within a same country. This study aimed at applying a multiple criteria analysis approach for the selection of the most appropriate bedding material for broiler production. Based on field research data and growers' experience, the most desirable characteristics of a litter material were chosen as the main criteria. The selected materials were wood shavings, rice husks, chopped Napier grass (Pennisetum pupureum), 50% sugar cane bagasse (Saccharum L.) plus 50% wood shavings, 50% sugar cane bagasse (Saccharum L.) plus 50% rice husks, and pure sugar cane bagasse (Saccharum L.). The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied for selecting the most suitable bedding material. Validation was performed using data from previous studies carried out in central-western Brazil on the effects of different types of bedding material on broiler carcass quality. Considering the selected criteria, several bedding materials were tested and ranked, and the results showed that wood-shavings litter was the best option (weight = 0.28), followed by rice husks (weight = 0.24). All other tested alternatives presented lower scores and were, therefore, not considered for use. The AHP approach was found to be an efficient tool to select the most appropriate litter material under specific scenarios.

Planejamento da recomposição florestal pela análise multicriterial na sub-bacia do córrego do descalvado visando a conservação de recursos hídricos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modelo de previsão de priorização de peça de reposição

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Gestão do estoque excedente com proposta de redução através de múltiplas alternativas utilizando multiplos criterios

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)