Risco de lesões em motociclistas nas ocorrências de trânsito

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar entre os motociclistas envolvidos em ocorrências de trânsito fatores associados ao risco de lesões. No ano de 2004, foram identificados, em Maringá-PR, um total de 2.362 motociclistas envolvidos em ocorrências de trânsito com registro nos boletins da Polícia Militar. Para identificar os fatores associados à presença de lesão, foi utilizada a análise multivariada. Uma probabilidade, significantemente mais elevada de motociclistas se ferirem, foi observada entre aqueles envolvidos em colisão (Odds Ratio = 11,19) e quedas (Odds Ratio = 3,81); para o sexo feminino, a razão de chance estimada foi em torno de 4, e aqueles que estiveram envolvidos em ocorrências com até dois veículos, mostraram 2,63 vezes mais chances de apresentar lesões que os demais. Mulheres, envolvidas em ocorrências com motocicleta do tipo quedas e colisões com até dois veículos destacaram-se como grupo de risco para apresentar lesões.

Fatores associados ao óbito de motociclistas nas ocorrências de trânsito

Para identificar fatores associados ao óbito em motociclistas envolvidos em ocorrências de trânsito, em Maringá-PR, foi realizado estudo retrospectivo incluindo os motociclistas envolvidos em acidentes no ano de 2004. As fontes de dados foram os registros da Polícia Militar, do SIATE e do Instituto Médico Legal. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e regressão logística binária. Identificaram-se 2.362 motociclistas nos Boletins de Ocorrência e, destes, 1.743 tinham registros nos Relatórios de Atendimento do Socorrista. As vítimas fatais diferiram das demais quanto à faixa etária, ao local de residência, ao tempo de habilitação e as suas condições fisiológicas na cena da ocorrência. No modelo final permaneceram as seguintes variáveis: Escala de Coma de Glasgow (ECGl), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), pulso e saturação de O2 no sangue. As condições fisiológicas das vítimas na cena do acidente se destacaram no modelo final e a ECGl superou o RTS na associação com óbito.

Mortality from road traffic accidents in Switzerland: longitudinal and spatial analyses

Road traffic accidents (RTA) are an important cause of premature death. We examined socio-demographic and geographical determinants of RTA mortality in Switzerland by linking 2000 census data to RTA mortality records 2000-2005 (ICD-10 codes V00-V99). Data from 5.5 million residents aged 18-94 years, 1744 study areas, and 1620 RTA deaths were analyzed, including 978 deaths (60.4%) in motor vehicle occupants, 254 (15.7%) in motorcyclists, 107 (6.6%) in cyclists, and 259 (16.0%) in pedestrians. Weibull survival models and Bayesian methods were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR), and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) across study areas. Adjusted HR comparing women with men ranged from 0.04 (95% CI 0.02-0.07) in motorcyclists to 0.43 (95% CI 0.32-0.56) in pedestrians. There was a u-shaped relationship with age in motor vehicle occupants and motorcyclists. In cyclists and pedestrians, mortality increased after age 55 years. Mortality was higher in individuals with primary education (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.29-1.81), and higher in single (HR 1.24; 95% CI 1.05-1.46), widowed (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.05-1.65) and divorced individuals (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.33-1.97), compared to persons with tertiary education or married persons. The association with education was particularly strong for pedestrians (HR 1.87; 95% CI 1.20-2.91). RTA mortality increased with decreasing population density of study areas for motor vehicle occupants (test for trend p<0.0001) and motorcyclists (p=0.0021) but not for cyclists (p=0.39) or pedestrians (p=0.29). SMR standardized for socio-demographic and geographical variables ranged from 82 to 190. Prevention efforts should aim to reduce inequities across socio-demographic and educational groups, and across geographical areas, with interventions targeted at high-risk groups and areas, and different traffic users, including pedestrians.

Virtopsy -- noninvasive detection of occult bone lesions in postmortem MRI: additional information for traffic accident reconstruction

In traffic accidents with pedestrians, cyclists or motorcyclists, patterned impact injuries as well as marks on clothes can be matched to the injury-causing vehicle structure in order to reconstruct the accident and identify the vehicle which has hit the person. Therefore, the differentiation of the primary impact injuries from other injuries is of great importance. Impact injuries can be identified on the external injuries of the skin, the injured subcutaneous and fat tissue, as well as the fractured bones. Another sign of impact is a bone bruise. The bone bruise, or occult bone lesion, means a bleeding in the subcortical bone marrow, which is presumed to be the result of micro-fractures of the medullar trabeculae. The aim of this study was to prove that bleeding in the subcortical bone marrow of the deceased can be detected using the postmortem noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging. This is demonstrated in five accident cases, four involving pedestrians and one a cyclist, where bone bruises were detected in different bones as a sign of impact occurring in the same location as the external and soft tissue impact injuries.

Improved motorcyclist licensing and testing project. Annual report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Motorcycle accident cause factors and identification of countermeasures. Volume II: appendix/supplemental data. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Motorcycle accident cause factors and identification of countermeasures. Volume I: technical report. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Development of a revised version of the NHTSA Motorcycle Operator Skill Test (MOST II). Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

The effectiveness of motorcycle helmets in preventing fatalities. Technical report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Motorcycle fatality experience based on Fatal Accident Reporting System data 1976-79. Final report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Impact of the repeal of the Kansas mandatory motorcycle helmet law: 1975-1978. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Improved motorcyclist licensing and testing project. Executive summary. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Traffic/Pedestrian Safety Program, Washington, D.C.

Improved motorcyclist licensing and testing project. Volume I. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Traffic/Pedestrian Safety Program, Washington, D.C.

Improved motorcyclist licensing and testing project. Volume II. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Traffic/Pedestrian Safety Program, Washington, D.C.

Impact of motorcycle helmet usage in Colorado: a three year study. Executive summary. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.