Estudos da formação de planetas terrestres

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Carbonate conical mounds of the eastern Anti-Atlas(Morocco) and their relationship with potential analogues on Mars

Longstanding debates concerning the origin of the Kess Kess Emsian carbonate mounds exposed at Hamar Laghdad Ridge (eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco) centre around the processes that induced precipitation of carbonate mud and the preservation of steep morphologies. Although in the last years an origin related to hydrothermalism seemed to be more likely, to date the Kess Kess are still considered controversial vent deposits. This study combines in updated research review information from previous work and new detailed field observations coupled with new analytical results to define a consistent framework and some new insight of current knowledge about the origin of these mounds. We obtain a complete minero-petrographic and palaeobiological data set and a detailed geochemical characterization of the different lithologies and facies of the Hamar Laghdad stratigraphic succession, including mounds, and we compared the results with the data from Maïder Basin mounds (Anti-Atlas, Morocco). Our data support the hydrothermal model proposed for the genesis and development of the Kess Kess mounds. The mechanisms linked to the mounds formation and growth are discussed in the light of the new finding of fluid-sediment interaction within a scenario driven by late magmatic fluids circulation. Conical mounds and other fluids related morphologies were also reported from Crommelin crater area (Arabia Terra, Mars). These mounds consist in meter-sized conical buildups hosted in the Equatorial Layered Deposits (ELDs) deposed during a regional groundwater fluid upwelling. Geometries and geological conditions that might have controlled the development of such morphologies were discussed. According to our data the morphological and stratigraphical characteristics of Crommelin area mounds are most consistent with a formation by fluids advection. Then we compare terrestrial and Martian data and examine the geological settings of hydrothermal mound occurrences on Earth in order to describe potential target areas for hydrothermal structures on Mars.

Modellazione CAD di modulo abitativo per stazione spaziale

L’interesse per missioni spaziali verso la luna, il pianeta Marte o asteroidi vicini NEA (near earth asteroids) è in continuo aumento; ne sono prova i numerosi concorsi di idee innovative da applicare a possibili missioni spaziali. A partire dai profili di missione e da altri dati forniti dai gruppi di ricerca attivi nel settore, mi sono occupato di svolgere la modellazione CAD concettuale di un modulo abitabile per due astronauti e, in particolare, di pensare a livello concettuale come possano essere risolte problematiche di dispiegamento del modulo e montaggio nello spazio. E’ infatti fondamentale che la struttura ripiegata possa essere inserita all’interno di un lanciatore già definito, e che possa espandersi una volta in orbita. Ho quindi svolto il disegno del modulo abitativo sia in configurazione di lancio che in configurazione dispiegata, cercando di fornire alcune prime indicazioni riguardo alle possibili configurazioni costruttive e ad una possibile sequenza di montaggio.

Morfometria di forme carsiche in un possibile "landing site" marziano

Starting from some satellite photos, we try to understand if someone of the many negatives roundish shapes recognized into a complex of two impacts craters could verify the karst phenomenon on Mars. This fact if confirmed could be extremely important to find microbiological life living underground in an area of contact between water and sulfates, shielded from cosmic radiation. In order to verify if these negatives shapes have a karst origin or an impact one, we made several morphometric measurements with particular attention to the length of the axes and to the depth of these depressions. We also studied some other forms (such jagged ridges) as another possible witness of the karst.

Life cycle assessment e analisi economica dell'utilizzo di pneumatici fuori uso nelle linee ferroviarie

La presente tesi si propone di determinare quale sia la situazione del mercato italiano e spagnolo sui pneumatici fuori uso (PFU) e quale sia il migliore metodo di costruzione degli elementi elastici da PFU. I risultati dell'analisi di mercato mostrano che l'introduzione del principio di responsabilità del produttore, introdotto in Italia solo nel 2011, sta portando ottimi risultati, e il problema di raccolta degli PFU è in via di risoluzione. Gli studi dinamici documentano che gli under rail paid (URP) costruiti da PFU rispettano tutte le necessità tecniche per l'utilizzo nelle linee ferroviarie sia convenzionali che ad alta velocità. Invece il Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dimostra che il processo di costruzione degli URP da PFU decostruiti impatta meno rispetto a quello dei PFU triturati. I risultati del Life Cycle Cost (LCC) fanno propendere per un utilizzo degli URP nelle vie ferroviarie in quanto si ha una diminuzione dei costi di manutenzione.

Relationship between glomerular filtration rate and the adipokines adiponectin, resistin and leptin in coronary patients with predominantly normal or mildly impaired renal function

BACKGROUND: Due to their molecular weight, it is possible that the adipokines adiponectin, resistin and leptin accumulate when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is decreased. In reduced renal clearance, altered serum concentrations of these proteins might affect cardiovascular risk. The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between adipokine concentrations and GFR. METHODS: The association between GFR, as determined by the abbreviated MDRD equation, and the concentrations of the adipokines adiponectin, resistin and leptin was assessed in a cohort of coronary patients (n=538; 363 male, 165 female). After calculation of correlations between GFR and adipokine concentrations, the association was further assessed by analysis of covariance following adjustment for age, gender, BMI, presence of type 2 diabetes, presence of hypertension, history of smoking as well as for serum lipid concentrations. RESULTS: Mean GFR in our study population was 68.74+/-15.27 ml/min/1.73 m(2). 74.3% of the patients had a GFR >60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), 24% of the patients had a GFR between 30 and 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), and 1.7% of the patients had a GFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m(2). There were significant inverse correlations between adiponectin (r=-0.372; p<0.001), resistin (r=-0.227; p<0.001) and leptin (r=-0.151; p=0.009) concentrations and GFR. After multivariate adjustment, the associations remained significant for adiponectin and resistin. Subgroup analysis in patients with GFR >60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) showed a significant correlation between GFR and adiponectin as well as leptin concentrations. However, after adjustment, these associations no longer were significant. CONCLUSIONS: There is an independent association between GFR and the serum concentrations of adiponectin and resistin. However, this association is not present at GFR >60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). This finding suggests that adipokine concentrations in mildly impaired and normal renal function are influenced by factors other than GFR.

Evaluation of two fully automated novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the determination of human adiponectin in serum

BACKGROUND: In contrast to RIA, recently available ELISAs provide the potential for fully automated analysis of adiponectin. To date, studies reporting on the diagnostic characteristics of ELISAs and investigating on the relationship between ELISA- and RIA-based methods are rare. METHODS: Thus, we established and evaluated a fully automated platform (BEP 2000; Dade-Behring, Switzerland) for determination of adiponectin levels in serum by two different ELISA methods (competitive human adiponectin ELISA; high sensitivity human adiponectin sandwich ELISA; both Biovendor, Czech Republic). Further, as a reference method, we also employed a human adiponectin RIA (Linco Research, USA). Samples from 150 patients routinely presenting to our cardiology unit were tested. RESULTS: ELISA measurements could be accomplished in less than 3 h, measurement of RIA had a duration of 24 h. The ELISAs were evaluated for precision, analytical sensitivity and specificity, linearity on dilution and spiking recovery. In the investigated patients, type 2 diabetes, higher age and male gender were significantly associated with lower serum adiponectin concentrations. Correlations between the ELISA methods and the RIA were strong (competitive ELISA, r=0.82; sandwich ELISA, r=0.92; both p<0.001). However, Deming regression and Bland-Altman analysis indicated lack of agreement of the 3 methods preventing direct comparison of results. The equations of the regression lines are: Competitive ELISA=1.48 x RIA-0.88; High sensitivity sandwich ELISA=0.77 x RIA+1.01. CONCLUSIONS: Fully automated measurement of adiponectin by ELISA is feasible and substantially more rapid than RIA. The investigated ELISA test systems seem to exhibit analytical characteristics allowing for clinical application. In addition, there is a strong correlation between the ELISA methods and RIA. These findings might promote a more widespread use of adiponectin measurements in clinical research.

En torno a los mitos y nombres míticos clásicos en Antonio Buero Vallejo

En primer lugar reviso las obras teatrales en sentido diacrónico (vol. I de la Obra completa): La tejedora de sueños (1952), con numerosas huellas de la Odisea, ofrece un tratamiento muy novedoso de las figuras de Penélope y Ulises (la obra es un alegato contra las guerras, las mentiras históricas, las humillaciones sufridas por las mujeres, la pretendida superioridad del varón sobre la mujer); Las Meninas (1960) presenta abundantes referencias a Venus y Marte; El concierto de San Ovidio (1962) alude a Midas, y, asimismo, al pavo real, símbolo de la necedad; y, finalmente, Diálogo secreto (1984) con el tema de Palas y Aracne. En segundo lugar examino el volumen II de su Obra completa (eds. Feijoo-De Paco, Madrid, 1994) donde me adentro en las reflexiones de Buero sobre los mitos clásicos y, asimismo, el problema de la desmitificación y la creación de nuevos mitos. Fuera de eso expongo de modo sumario los principales personajes míticos que hallamos en el orden seguido por buenos manuales de mitología: Venus, Erinis, Júpiter, Juno, Muerte, Parcas, Némesis, Atenea (Palas), Musas, Apolo, Diana, Eurídice, Prometeo, Pandora, Atridas, Dioniso, Edipo y su familia, Medea, Minos, Procrustes, Laocoonte, Orestes, Escila, Caribdis, Mirra.

En torno a los mitos y nombres míticos clásicos en Antonio Buero Vallejo

En primer lugar reviso las obras teatrales en sentido diacrónico (vol. I de la Obra completa): La tejedora de sueños (1952), con numerosas huellas de la Odisea, ofrece un tratamiento muy novedoso de las figuras de Penélope y Ulises (la obra es un alegato contra las guerras, las mentiras históricas, las humillaciones sufridas por las mujeres, la pretendida superioridad del varón sobre la mujer); Las Meninas (1960) presenta abundantes referencias a Venus y Marte; El concierto de San Ovidio (1962) alude a Midas, y, asimismo, al pavo real, símbolo de la necedad; y, finalmente, Diálogo secreto (1984) con el tema de Palas y Aracne. En segundo lugar examino el volumen II de su Obra completa (eds. Feijoo-De Paco, Madrid, 1994) donde me adentro en las reflexiones de Buero sobre los mitos clásicos y, asimismo, el problema de la desmitificación y la creación de nuevos mitos. Fuera de eso expongo de modo sumario los principales personajes míticos que hallamos en el orden seguido por buenos manuales de mitología: Venus, Erinis, Júpiter, Juno, Muerte, Parcas, Némesis, Atenea (Palas), Musas, Apolo, Diana, Eurídice, Prometeo, Pandora, Atridas, Dioniso, Edipo y su familia, Medea, Minos, Procrustes, Laocoonte, Orestes, Escila, Caribdis, Mirra.

En torno a los mitos y nombres míticos clásicos en Antonio Buero Vallejo

En primer lugar reviso las obras teatrales en sentido diacrónico (vol. I de la Obra completa): La tejedora de sueños (1952), con numerosas huellas de la Odisea, ofrece un tratamiento muy novedoso de las figuras de Penélope y Ulises (la obra es un alegato contra las guerras, las mentiras históricas, las humillaciones sufridas por las mujeres, la pretendida superioridad del varón sobre la mujer); Las Meninas (1960) presenta abundantes referencias a Venus y Marte; El concierto de San Ovidio (1962) alude a Midas, y, asimismo, al pavo real, símbolo de la necedad; y, finalmente, Diálogo secreto (1984) con el tema de Palas y Aracne. En segundo lugar examino el volumen II de su Obra completa (eds. Feijoo-De Paco, Madrid, 1994) donde me adentro en las reflexiones de Buero sobre los mitos clásicos y, asimismo, el problema de la desmitificación y la creación de nuevos mitos. Fuera de eso expongo de modo sumario los principales personajes míticos que hallamos en el orden seguido por buenos manuales de mitología: Venus, Erinis, Júpiter, Juno, Muerte, Parcas, Némesis, Atenea (Palas), Musas, Apolo, Diana, Eurídice, Prometeo, Pandora, Atridas, Dioniso, Edipo y su familia, Medea, Minos, Procrustes, Laocoonte, Orestes, Escila, Caribdis, Mirra.