Directive Cadre sur l’Eau : les pressions anthropiques et leur impact sur les indicateurs de l’état écologique des masses d’eau littorales de la façade Manche-Atlantique. Synthèse bibliographique

Within the European water framework directive (WFD), the status assessment of littoral waters is based both on the chemical quality and on the ecological quality of each water body. Quality elements enabling to assess the ecological status of a water body are, among other things, biological quality elements (phytoplankton, macroalgae, angiosperms, benthic invertebrates, fish), for each of which the member states have developed quantitative indicators. This document is one of the deliverables of a multi-annual study intended to characterize the sensitivity of these biological indicators towards the various anthropogenic pressures exerted on the French Atlantic and Channel coast: ultimately, the goal is to establish a quantitative and predictive relationship, statistically robust, between the WFD indicators used along the French channel and Atlantic coastline, and various anthropogenic pressures acting on these coasts. The aim of the WFD is indeed to restore or maintain a good chemical and biological quality of coastal waters, and thus to limit the impact of human activities potentially responsible for the degradation of ecosystems. This understanding of the linkages and interactions existing between anthropogenic pressures and ecological status of water bodies is therefore essential to identify priorities for action (challenges, substances ...), prioritize actions to implement within restoration programs (technical, fiscal, financial), but also to be able to communicate constructively and persuasively in talks between managers and the various stakeholders of coastal regions. Using the DPSIR methodology, this literature analysis has permitted to identify, for each WFD biological quality element (except fish), which pressures (or pressure types) are potentially relevant in the light of their impact on the indicators of the ecological status of water bodies. Some metrics and indicators of anthropogenic pressures used in the literature to characterize the sensitivity of the biological quality elements, within quantitative approaches, were also identified. It is also clear from this review that the biological quality elements can be particularly sensitive to intrinsic environmental conditions, and therefore to certain changes related to natural phenomena occurring at large scales (e.g. climate change, paroxysmal climate episode...). Therefore, when one is interested in the sensitivity of biological indicators to different anthropogenic pressures, two factors can complicate the analysis and are likely to weaken the resulting statistical relationships: on the one hand, the variability of biological responses depending on the natural context and, on the other hand, interactions (so called synergistic effects) between different types of anthropogenic pressures and the alterations they can generate.

Modalidades de atención a domicilio del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) articuladas a las Redes de Atención a la Salud

El objetivo es conocer la literatura científica publicada desde 2008 hasta 2014 sobre las redes de atención a la salud y los procedimientos de atención a domicilio del Sistema Único de Salud. Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada vía on line a través de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud en la base de datos de la Literatura Latino.Americana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), el Banco de Datos de Enfermería (BDEnf) y Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), respetando los aspectos éticos en cuanto a la autoría de artículos. La muestra consistió en 06 artículos científicos completos seleccionados mediante la observación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se observó que a pesar de que las Redes de Atención Médica y las modalidades de atención a domicilio del Sistema Único de Salud están adquiriendo gran importancia en el ámbito de la salud, existen pocos artículos publicados relacionados con esta temática. Se concluye que los servicios implicados en las actividades de salud deben formar una red interdependiente, interrelacionada, utilizando como punto básico la complejidad de las necesidades del usuario a ser atendido. Se recomienda una profundización en este asunto para lograr una conciencia colectiva sobre el tema. Es preciso comprender la importancia real que la atención a domicilio en conjunción con las redes de atención a la salud es capaz de proporcionar para la vida de las personas, sin embargo, es necesario que los responsables, directa o indirectamente, de la coordinación de los servicios de salud consigan implementarlas en las redes interconectadas.

A paisagem, as aldeias e os montes de Vila Ruiva e Vila Alva

Dissertação de Mestrado, Arquitetura Paisagista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

O pedagogo formado na UnB e a sua atuação na educação inclusiva

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2016.

Cinesioterapia em reabilitação gerontológica: uma análise da literatura

Perante o envelhecimento populacional e a decorrente demanda para os cuidados de saúde, do ponto de vista da Enfermagem de Reabilitação importa responder às determinantes do envelhecimento que afetam a mobilidade, com estratégias fundamentadas nos resultados da investigação mais atual. A cinesioterapia constitui um recurso do enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação, todavia são escassos os trabalhos sobre a sua fundamentação e aplicabilidade em reabilitação gerontológica. Este artigo teórico teve por objetivos: (1) descrever as relações entre a postura, a marcha e a capacidade funcional dos idosos e a cinesioterapia, e (2) identificar referências à intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação neste domínio. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas revistas de saúde incluídas na base de dados eletrónica EBSCO HOST, publicadas entre 1995 e 2010. A análise dos resultados foi qualitativa, tendo-se identificado 168 artigos, dos quais 11 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os estudos analisados apresentaram resultados complementares, descrevendo associações entre técnicas cinesioterápicas e benefícios na postura, marcha e capacidade funcional do idoso. Não foram encontradas referências à intervenção do enfermeiro em reabilitação. Pesquisas são necessárias para descrever o papel da cinesioterapia em reabilitação gerontológica e documentar a intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação.

Gengivite Ulcerativa Necrosante (GUN)

Introdução: A Gengivite Ulcerativa Necrosante (GUN) é uma das patologias orais com mais décadas de estudo. A sua designação foi evoluindo ao longo dos anos até ter sido englobada na categoria das doenças periodontais necrosantes (DPN). As lesões provocadas pela GUN são consideradas únicas entre as doenças periodontais, principalmente pela sua apresentação clínica bastante distinta (Rowland, 1999). Apesar de ser uma doença com sinais muito próprios e fatores predisponentes bem estabelecidos, a etiologia e patogénese das lesões são muito mal compreendidas. O objetivo deste trabalho é efetuar uma revisão bibliográfica dos principais conceitos relativos a esta doença, defini-la e classificá-la, assim como fazer uma abordagem ao seu diagnóstico e respetivo plano de tratamento. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa na base de dados da PubMed e da b-ON, utilizando como palavras-chave: “Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis”, AND “Necrotizing periodontal disease”. Apenas foram pesquisados artigos em português e inglês, não tendo sido empregues quaisquer limites temporais, resultando num total de 32 artigos, complementado com uma obra literária. Resultados/Conclusões: Após análise da literatura é possível verificar que, mesmo os estudos mais recentes, revelam muitas dúvidas sobre esta doença, apesar das décadas de existência. Porém todos os estudos são unânimes em realçar um aspeto muito importante, a realização de um diagnóstico precoce é a chave para um tratamento adequado, criando, aos pacientes, as condições mínimas necessárias para uma adequada higiene oral e alimentação, que até aí a doença os obrigava a privar.

Cinesioterapia em reabilitação gerontológica: uma análise da literatura

Perante o envelhecimento populacional e a decorrente demanda para os cuidados de saúde, do ponto de vista da Enfermagem de Reabilitação importa responder às determinantes do envelhecimento que afetam a mobilidade, com estratégias fundamentadas nos resultados da investigação mais atual. A cinesioterapia constitui um recurso do enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação, todavia são escassos os trabalhos sobre a sua fundamentação e aplicabilidade em reabilitação gerontológica. Este artigo teórico teve por objetivos: (1) descrever as relações entre a postura, a marcha e a capacidade funcional dos idosos e a cinesioterapia, e (2) identificar referências à intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação neste domínio. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas revistas de saúde incluídas na base de dados eletrónica EBSCO HOST, publicadas entre 1995 e 2010. A análise dos resultados foi qualitativa, tendo-se identificado 168 artigos, dos quais 11 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os estudos analisados apresentaram resultados complementares, descrevendo associações entre técnicas cinesioterápicas e benefícios na postura, marcha e capacidade funcional do idoso. Não foram encontradas referências à intervenção do enfermeiro em reabilitação. Pesquisas são necessárias para descrever o papel da cinesioterapia em reabilitação gerontológica e documentar a intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em reabilitação.

Report : review of the literature : maintenance and rehabilitation costs for roads (Risk-based Analysis)

Realistic estimates of short- and long-term (strategic) budgets for maintenance and rehabilitation of road assessment management should consider the stochastic characteristics of asset conditions of the road networks so that the overall variability of road asset data conditions is taken into account. The probability theory has been used for assessing life-cycle costs for bridge infrastructures by Kong and Frangopol (2003), Zayed et.al. (2002), Kong and Frangopol (2003), Liu and Frangopol (2004), Noortwijk and Frangopol (2004), Novick (1993). Salem 2003 cited the importance of the collection and analysis of existing data on total costs for all life-cycle phases of existing infrastructure, including bridges, road etc., and the use of realistic methods for calculating the probable useful life of these infrastructures (Salem et. al. 2003). Zayed et. al. (2002) reported conflicting results in life-cycle cost analysis using deterministic and stochastic methods. Frangopol et. al. 2001 suggested that additional research was required to develop better life-cycle models and tools to quantify risks, and benefits associated with infrastructures. It is evident from the review of the literature that there is very limited information on the methodology that uses the stochastic characteristics of asset condition data for assessing budgets/costs for road maintenance and rehabilitation (Abaza 2002, Salem et. al. 2003, Zhao, et. al. 2004). Due to this limited information in the research literature, this report will describe and summarise the methodologies presented by each publication and also suggest a methodology for the current research project funded under the Cooperative Research Centre for Construction Innovation CRC CI project no 2003-029-C.

An investigation of unique challenges in National Historic relics and scenic sites (NHRSSs) in Chinese research literature 1982-2008 using co-word analysis

National Housing Relics and Scenic Sites (NHRSSs) in China are the equivalent of National Parks in the West but have contrasting features and broader roles when compared to their Western counterparts. By reviewing and analysing more than 370 academic sources, this paper identifies 6 major issue clusters and future challenges that will influence the management of NHRSSs over time. It also provides a number of cases to illustrate the particular features of NHRSSs. Identifying the hot issues and important challenges in Chinese NHRSSs will provide valuable insights into priorities now being discussed in highly populated areas of the World.

Efficacy of oral or intrauterine device-delivered progestin in patients with complex endometrial hyperplasia with atypia or early endometrial adenocarcinoma : a meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of progestin treatment to achieve pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAH) or early endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC). Methods: A systematic search identified 3245 potentially relevant citations. Studies containing less than ten eligible CAH or EC patients in either oral or intrauterine treatment arm were excluded. Only information from patients receiving six or more months of treatment and not receiving other treatments was included. Weighted proportions of patients achieving pCR were calculated using R software. Results: Twelve studies met the selection criteria. Eleven studies reported treatment of patients with oral (219 patients, 117 with CAH, 102 with grade 1 Stage I EC) and one reported treatment of patients with intrauterine progestin (11 patients with grade 1 Stage IEC). Overall, 74% (95% confidence interval [CI] 65-81%) of patients with CAH and 72% (95% CI 62-80%) of patients with grade 1 Stage I EC achieved a pCR to oral progestin. Disease progression while on oral treatment was reported for 6/219 (2.7%), and relapse after initial complete response for 32/159 (20.1%) patients. The weighted mean pCR rate of patients with grade 1 Stage I EC treated with intrauterine progestin from one prospective pilot study and an unpublished retrospective case series from the Queensland Centre of Gynaecologic Oncology (QCGC) was 68% (95% CI 45- 86%). Conclusions: There is a lack of high quality evidence for the efficacy of progestin in CAH or EC. The available evidence however suggests that treatment with oral or intrauterine progestin is similarly effective. The risk of progression during treatment is small but longer follow-up is required. Evidence from prospective controlled clinical trials is warranted to establish how the efficacy of progestin for the treatment of CAH and EC can be improved further.

GLBTI police liaison services : a critical analysis of existing literature

GLBTI (gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, intersex) police liaison programs have been an important part of policing these communities for a number of decades now. In fact, this model appears to dominate approaches as the preferred way to manage relationships between GLBTI communities and police. Interestingly, while this model dominates, research on the effectiveness of this model, and the services that align with it, is limited. To date, only few studies have asked critical questions about the effectiveness of GLBTI police liaison services. For instance, we know that over 70% of GLBTI communities are aware of police liaison services, but only 4% of those victimised access them (Berman & Robinson, 2010). This paper critically examines existing literature about GLBTI police liaison services to demonstrate key themes and omissions. It argues that police liaison services as a preferred model has been taken for granted as the correct way of engaging with GLBTI communities in ways that may exclude other forms of engagement, and suggests that further research into these liaison programs is necessary if the relationships between GLBTI communities and the police are to be strengthened.

Destination marketing organizations and destination marketing : a narrative analysis of the literature

This article presents the first narrative analysis of the areas of research that have developed within the destination marketing field since its commencement in 1973. Given the broad extent of the field, and the absence of any previous reviews in four decades, a key challenge is in providing a focus for such a disparate body of knowledge. The review is structured around one principal question: ‘To what extent is the Destination Marketing Organisation (DMO) responsible for the competitiveness of the destination’? In pursuit of this underlying question, we address a number of themes including nomenclature and the DMO, the evolution of the destination marketing literature, competitiveness as the DMO reason d’être, and DMO effectiveness including issues of branding and positioning, and future research themes in the field.