La borrosidad como epistemología de la interacción social: algunos alcances y potencialidades

En este trabajo se describen la teoría de los conjuntos borrosos de L. A. Zadeh(antecedentes, características e implicaciones) y las áreas en las que se ha aplicado laborrosidad en psicología y psicología social (desarrollo evolutivo, procesamiento deestímulos, percepción de la información, prototipos y otras aplicaciones). A partir de esto,se sugiere cómo la borrosidad podría ser útil en el estudio de la interacción social,asumiendo el carácter simultáneamente vago y preciso de la realidad, y la utilización deconceptos como la noción de sí mismo desde una visión compleja, que considere, desde laperspectiva del pluralismo, diversas posturas teóricas y metodológicas.

Réhabilitation accélérée multimodate postcésarienne, la somme de toutes les astuces [Fast-track multimodal rehabilitation after cesarean, the sum of all tricks].

Fast-track multimodal rehabilitation after cesarean, the sum of all tricks Fast-track multimodal rehabilitation after caesarean is an interdisciplinary concept allowing an accelerated return to normal physiology. Fast-track rehabilitation combines minimising surgical trauma, regional anaesthesia and active management of pain control, minimally invasive postoperative care while promoting return to autonomy.

Statistical Modeling of the Eye for Multimodal Treatment Planning for External Beam Radiation Therapy of Intraocular Tumors.

PURPOSE: Ocular anatomy and radiation-associated toxicities provide unique challenges for external beam radiation therapy. For treatment planning, precise modeling of organs at risk and tumor volume are crucial. Development of a precise eye model and automatic adaptation of this model to patients' anatomy remain problematic because of organ shape variability. This work introduces the application of a 3-dimensional (3D) statistical shape model as a novel method for precise eye modeling for external beam radiation therapy of intraocular tumors. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Manual and automatic segmentations were compared for 17 patients, based on head computed tomography (CT) volume scans. A 3D statistical shape model of the cornea, lens, and sclera as well as of the optic disc position was developed. Furthermore, an active shape model was built to enable automatic fitting of the eye model to CT slice stacks. Cross-validation was performed based on leave-one-out tests for all training shapes by measuring dice coefficients and mean segmentation errors between automatic segmentation and manual segmentation by an expert. RESULTS: Cross-validation revealed a dice similarity of 95% ± 2% for the sclera and cornea and 91% ± 2% for the lens. Overall, mean segmentation error was found to be 0.3 ± 0.1 mm. Average segmentation time was 14 ± 2 s on a standard personal computer. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the solution presented outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy, reliability, and robustness. Moreover, the eye model shape as well as its variability is learned from a training set rather than by making shape assumptions (eg, as with the spherical or elliptical model). Therefore, the model appears to be capable of modeling nonspherically and nonelliptically shaped eyes.

Cell morphology and intracellular ionic homeostasis explored with a multimodal approach combining epifluorescence and digital holographic microscopy.

The authors have developed a live-cell multimodality microscope combining epifluorescence with digital holographic microscopy; it has been implemented with a decoupling procedure allowing to separately measure from the quantitative phase important cell parameters including absolute volume, shape and integral intracellular refractive index. In combination with the numerous different specific fluorescent cellular probes, this multimodality microscopy can address important issues in cell biology. This is demonstrated by the study of intracellular calcium homeostasis associated with the change in cell volume, which play a critical role in the excitotoxicity-induced neuronal death.

Interacción genotipo-ambiente en avena sativa l: utilizando los modelos AMMI y factorial de correspondencias

El objetivo fue (i) determinar la presencia de interacción genotipo-ambiente (IGA) en la producción forrajera de avena (Avena sativa L.) de genotipos tolerantes y no tolerantes a Schizaphis graminum empleando un número bajo de ambientes en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) mediante los modelos de efectos principales aditivos e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI) y análisis factorial de correspondencias (AFC) y (ii) comparar los resultados obtenidos por ambos métodos. Los ensayos se condujeron en La Dulce (Argentina) y La Plata (Argentina) (1993, 1994 y 1995). Se evaluaron 12 genotipos (comerciales y líneas avanzadas) en 12 ambientes (combinación de localidad, años y cortes). Los factores ambiente, genotipo e interacción explicaron un 41,15% (p<0,001), 7,88% (p<0,05) y 36,36% (p<0,001) de la suma de cuadrados del total respectivamente. El modelo AMMI mostró los tres primeros ejes del análisis de componentes principales (ACP) altamente significativos (p<0,001), explicando un 57,99%, 29,03% y 6,27% de la suma de cuadrados de la interacción respectivamente. Las tres primeros ejes del AFC explicaron un 58,98%, 29,58% y 5,60% de dicha suma de cuadrados, respectivamente. El uso conjunto de ambos métodos surge como una herramienta muy útil para reflejar y caracterizar la existencia de interacción genotipo-ambiente en avena.

Issue review : multimodal transportation funding.

Funding for non-road multimodal transportation is a means to provide for future transportation needs and alternatives to provide safe and efficient transportation options. The state supports multimodal transportation in the annual infrastructure budget. Most of the state's appropriations for these non-road modes of transportation are provided from the Rebuild Iowa Infrastructure Fund, or infrastructure-related funds such as restricted capital from tax-emempt bond proceeds. Projects that have received funding include commercial and general aviation infrastructure, public transit infrastructure, freight rail, and passenger rail. In addition, recreational trails that encourage walking and cycling are considered part of multimodal transportation. This issue review provides a general overview of the multimodal transportation grant programs that are funded by the state and administered under the Department of Transportation, or DOT. Other means of state funding for multimodal transportation, a sampling of federally funded programs and how other states fund some of their multimodal transportation programs will be briefly discussed.

Landmark detection for fusion of fundus and MRI toward a patient-specific multimodal eye model.

Ophthalmologists typically acquire different image modalities to diagnose eye pathologies. They comprise, e.g., Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Yet, these images are often complementary and do express the same pathologies in a different way. Some pathologies are only visible in a particular modality. Thus, it is beneficial for the ophthalmologist to have these modalities fused into a single patient-specific model. The goal of this paper is a fusion of Fundus photography with segmented MRI volumes. This adds information to MRI that was not visible before like vessels and the macula. This paper contributions include automatic detection of the optic disc, the fovea, the optic axis, and an automatic segmentation of the vitreous humor of the eye.

Multimodal Strategies in Development.Predictive Value of early simultaneosgesture-speech comination

The present study investigates the predictive value of the early appearance of simultaneous pointing-speech combinations. An experimental task was used to obtain a communicative productive sample from nineteen children at 1;0 and 1;3. Infant’s communicative productions, in combination with gaze joint engagement patterns, were analyzed in relation to different social conditions. The results show a significant effect of age and social condition on infants’ communicative productions. Gesture-speech combinations seem to work as a strong communicative resource to attract the adult’s attention in social demanding communicative contexts. Gaze joint engagement was used in combination with simultaneous pointing-speech combinations to attract adults’ attention during social demanding conditions. Finally, the use of simultaneous pointing-speech combinations at 1;0 in demanding conditions predicted greater expressive vocabulary acquisition at 1;3 and 1;6. These results indicate that the use of gesture-speech combinations may be considered a significant step towards the early integration of language components.

Las nuevas campañas electorales: Interacción y participación ciudadana mediante las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El caso de las páginas web de los candidatos a la Presidencia de España y México en 2011 y 2012.

Esta propuesta de investigación tiene como objetivo conocer y analizar las plataformas digitales que los candidatos a la presidencia de España y México, a propósito de las elecciones generales del 2011 y 2012, ofrecen a la ciudadanía para interactuar y fomentar la participación ciudadana.El estudio parte del supuesto teórico de que el uso de Internet y las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), ha modificado la comunicación electoral y la forma en la que los actores políticos se relacionan con la población y con sus potenciales electores.En procesos electorales, y en específico durante las campañas electorales, se puede observar cada vez más que los aspirantes a puestos públicos incorporan herramientas tecnológicas para interactuar, dialogar o escuchar a la ciudadanía. El uso de Twitter, Facebook, Youtube, y otras herramientas, son ahora elementos básicos a considerar dentro de la campaña electoral.En el presente estudio, la plataforma digital estudiada para conocer el grado de interacción y promoción del diálogo entre electores y candidatos, será la página web oficial del candidato. A través de un análisis comparativo que identifique los componentes de la página web del candidato en una subdivisión entendida como las dimensiones Web 1.0 y Web 2.0, se reconocerán las plataformas de participación y diálogo que ofrezcan los candidatos a la presidencia, por una parte, en España, para las elecciones de 2011, y por otra en México, en las elecciones de 2012. Esto permitirá obtener un panorama de lo que en participación ciudadana y promoción del diálogo se propuso desde las páginas web de los candidatos presidenciales.

Comprehensive Statewide Transportation Model: Multimodal Investment Analysis Methodology Phase II, CTRE Project 02-126, 2001

The purposes of this report (Phase II of the project) are to specify in mathematical form the individual modules of the conceptual model developed in Phase I, to identify and evaluate sources of data for the model set, and to develop the transport networks necessary to support the models.

Multimodal Investment Analysis Methodology, Phase One: The Conceptual Model, 1998

The purpose of this project is to develop an investment analysis model that integrates the capabilities of four types of analysis for use in evaluating interurban transportation system improvements. The project will also explore the use of new data warehousing and mining techniques to design the types of databases required for supporting such a comprehensive transportation model. The project consists of four phases. The first phase, which is documented in this report, involves development of the conceptual foundation for the model. Prior research is reviewed in Chapter 1, which is composed of three major sections providing demand modeling background information for passenger transportation, transportation of freight (manufactured products and supplies), and transportation of natural resources and agricultural commodities. Material from the literature on geographic information systems makes up Chapter 2. Database models for the national and regional economies and for the transportation and logistics network are conceptualized in Chapter 3. Demand forecasting of transportation service requirements is introduced in Chapter 4, with separate sections for passenger transportation, freight transportation, and transportation of natural resources and commodities. Characteristics and capacities of the different modes, modal choices, and route assignments are discussed in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 concludes with a general discussion of the economic impacts and feedback of multimodal transportation activities and facilities.

Acting Rehearsal in Collaborative Multimodal Mixed Reality Environments

This paper presents the use of our multimodal mixed reality telecommunication system to support remote acting rehearsal. The rehearsals involved two actors, located in London and Barcelona, and a director in another location in London. This triadic audiovisual telecommunication was performed in a spatial and multimodal collaborative mixed reality environment based on the 'destination-visitor' paradigm, which we define and put into use. We detail our heterogeneous system architecture, which spans the three distributed and technologically asymmetric sites, and features a range of capture, display, and transmission technologies. The actors' and director's experience of rehearsing a scene via the system are then discussed, exploring successes and failures of this heterogeneous form of telecollaboration. Overall, the common spatial frame of reference presented by the system to all parties was highly conducive to theatrical acting and directing, allowing blocking, gross gesture, and unambiguous instruction to be issued. The relative inexpressivity of the actors' embodiments was identified as the central limitation of the telecommunication, meaning that moments relying on performing and reacting to consequential facial expression and subtle gesture were less successful.

Baseline Results of an Acute Ischemic Stroke Registry Including Acute Multimodal Imaging (ASTRAL)

Background: The DEFUSE (n_74) and EPITHET (n_101) studies have in common that a baseline MRI was obtained prior to treatment (tPA in DEFUSE; tPA or placebo in EPITHET) in the 3-6 hour time-window. There were however important methodological differences between the studies. A standardized reanalysis of pooled data was undertaken to determine the effect of these differences on baseline characteristics and study outcomes. Methods: To standardize the studies 1) the DWI and PWI source images were reprocessed and segmented using automated image processing software (RAPID); 2) patients were categorized according to their baseline MRI profile as either Target Mismatch (PWITmax_6/DWI ratio_ 1.8 and an absolute mismatch _15mL), Malignant (DWI or PWITmax_10 lesion _ 100 mL), or No Mismatch. 3) favorable clinical response was defined as NIHSS score of 0-1 or a _8 points improvement on the NIHSSS at day 90. Results: Prior to standardization there was no difference in the proportion of Target Mismatch patients between EPITHET and DEFUSE (54% vs 49%, p_0.6), but the EPITHET study had more patients with the Malignant profile than DEFUSE (35% vs 9%, p_0.01) and fewer patients that had No Mismatch (11% vs 42%, p_0.01). These differences in baseline MRI profiles between EPITHET and DEFUSE were largely eliminated by standardized processing of PWI and DWI images with RAPID software (Target Mismatch 49% vs 48%; Malignant 15% vs 8%; No Mismatch 36% vs 25%; p_NS for all comparisons) Reperfusion was strongly associated with a favorable clinical response in mismatch patients (figure). This relationship was not affected by the standardization procedures (pooled odds ratio of 8.8 based on original data and 6.6 based on standardized data). Conclusion: Standardization of image analyses procedures in acute stroke is important as non-standardized techniques introduce significant variability in DWI and PWI imaging characteristics. Despite methodological differences, the DEFUSE and EPITHET studies show a consistent and robust association between reperfusion and favorable clinical response in Target Mismatch patients regardless of standardization. These data support an RCT of iv tPA in the 3-6 hour time-window for Target Mismatch patients identified using RAPID.