Innovative method for the continuous monitoring of concrete viscoelastic properties since early ages: concept and pilot experiments

The experimental evaluation of viscoelastic properties of concrete is traditionally made upon creep tests that consist in the application of sustained loads either in compression or in tension. This kind of testing demands for specially devised rigs and requires careful monitoring of the evolution of strains, whereas assuring proper load constancy. The characterization of creep behaviour at early ages offers additional challenges due to the strong variations in viscoelastic behaviour of concrete during such stages, demanding for several testing ages to be assessed. The present research work aims to assist in reducing efforts for continuous assessment of viscoelastic properties of concrete at early ages, by application of a dynamic testing technique inspired in methodologies used in polymer science: Dynamic Mechanical Analyses. This paper briefly explains the principles of the proposed methodology and exhibits the first results obtained in a pilot application. The results are promising enough to encourage further developments.

Exploring the potentialities of a new type of CFRP laminate for the simultaneous flexural and shear strengthening of RC beams: numerical research

This study aims to develop an innovative carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminate with a U configuration to address strengthening interventions, where the increment of both flexural and shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) elements is required. This strengthening solution combines the near surface mounted (NSM) and embedded through section (ETS) techniques in the same application, since these techniques have already evidenced high performance on flexural and shear strengthening of RC beams using FRP systems, respectively. In fact, the proposed hybrid technique aims to mobilize the advantages provided by these two strengthening techniques by using an innovative CFRP laminate. The strengthening efficacy of this new hybrid NSM/ETS technique was numerically assessed and compared to the corresponding efficiency of NSM and ETS techniques applied separately for the flexural and shear strengthening of RC beams, respectively. The numerical models are described and the main relevant results are presented and discussed.

Development of innovative hybrid sandwich panel slabs: Experimental results

The authors appreciate the collaboration of the following labs: Civitest for developing DHCC materials, PIEP for conducting VARTM process (Eng. Luis Oliveira) and Department of Civil Engineering of Minho University to perform the tests (Mr. Antonio Matos and Eng. Marco Jorge).

Experimental assessment of an innovative strengthening material for brick masonry infills

The vulnerability of masonry infill walls has been highlighted in recent earthquakes in which severe inplane damage and out-of-plane collapse developed, justifying the investment in the proposal of strengthening solutions aiming to improve the seismic performance of these construction elements. Therefore, this work presents an innovative strengthening solution to be applied in masonry infill walls, in order to avoid brittle failure and thus minimize the material damage and human losses. The textilereinforced mortar technique (TRM) has been shown to improve the out-of-plane resistance of masonry and to enhance its ductility, and here an innovative reinforcing mesh composed of braided composite rods is proposed. The external part of the rod is composed of braided polyester whose structure is defined so that the bond adherence with mortar is optimized. The mechanical performance of the strengthening technique to improve the out-of-plane behaviour of brick masonry is assessed based on experimental bending tests. Additionally, a comparison of the mechanical behaviour of the proposed meshes with commercial meshes is provided. The idea is that the proposed meshes are efficient in avoiding brittle collapse and premature disintegration of brick masonry during seismic events.

An immunity based configuration for multilayer single featured biometric authentication algorithms

Immune systems have been used in the last years to inspire approaches for several computational problems. This paper focus on behavioural biometric authentication algorithms’ accuracy enhancement by using them more than once and with different thresholds in order to first simulate the protection provided by the skin and then look for known outside entities, like lymphocytes do. The paper describes the principles that support the application of this approach to Keystroke Dynamics, an authentication biometric technology that decides on the legitimacy of a user based on his typing pattern captured on he enters the username and/or the password and, as a proof of concept, the accuracy levels of one keystroke dynamics algorithm when applied to five legitimate users of a system both in the traditional and in the immune inspired approaches are calculated and the obtained results are compared.

Innovative methodologies for the enhancement of the flexural strengthening performance of NSM CFRP technique for RC beams

Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Civil

Narrative innovations predict symptom improvement: Studying innovative moments in narrative therapy of depression

Objective:Innovative moments (IMs) are moments in the therapeutic dialog that constitute exceptions toward the client's problems. These narrative markers of meaning transformation are associated with change in different models of therapy and diverse diagnoses. Our goal is to test if IMs precede symptoms change, or, on the contrary, are a mere consequence of symptomatic 15 change. Method: For this purpose, IMs and symptomatology (Outcome Questionnaire-10.2) were assessed at every session in a sample of 10 cases of narrative therapy for depression. Hierarchical linear modeling was conducted to explore whether (i) IMs in a given session predict patients' symptoms in the following session and/or (ii) symptoms in a given session predict IMs in the next session. Results: Results suggested that IMs are better predictors of symptoms than the reverse. Conclusions: These results are discussed considering the contribution of meanings and narrative processes' changes to symptomatic improvement.

An innovative framework for probabilistic-based structural assessment with an application to existing reinforced concrete structures

A novel framework for probabilistic-based structural assessment of existing structures, which combines model identification and reliability assessment procedures, considering in an objective way different sources of uncertainty, is presented in this paper. A short description of structural assessment applications, provided in literature, is initially given. Then, the developed model identification procedure, supported in a robust optimization algorithm, is presented. Special attention is given to both experimental and numerical errors, to be considered in this algorithm convergence criterion. An updated numerical model is obtained from this process. The reliability assessment procedure, which considers a probabilistic model for the structure in analysis, is then introduced, incorporating the results of the model identification procedure. The developed model is then updated, as new data is acquired, through a Bayesian inference algorithm, explicitly addressing statistical uncertainty. Finally, the developed framework is validated with a set of reinforced concrete beams, which were loaded up to failure in laboratory.

Assessment of innovative solutions for non-load bearing masonry enclosures

This paper presents some of the results of the research project “Masonry Enclosures” developed in the framework of the transnational access (TA) to LNEC’s triaxial shake table within the FP7 project SERIES.

Desarrollos innovadores, estrategias de aprendizaje e interacciones de comunicación llevadas a cabo con Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en el área de Ciencias Experimentales. Innovative developments, learning strategies and communication interactions carried out with CIT in experimental science.

Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) han alcanzando una fuerte expansión en la última década y se convierten en una estrategia clave para la educación científica y tecnológica. Actualmente se realizan significativas inversiones en computadoras e insumos acordes a esta tecnología lo que no garantiza que éstas mejores disponibilidades sean necesariamente conducentes a propuestas educativas aceptables, ya que la incorporación de las TIC en la educación científica no puede consistir en un mero cambio de soporte sin que esto se acompañe de una renovación constructivista del aprendizaje. También se observa un escaso desarrollo y aplicación de las TIC tanto en la formación de grado de las carreras científicas, como en la formación permanente de los docentes. A partir de lo expuesto, nos planteamos los siguientes problemas: ¿cómo generar cursos de formación docente con alternativas virtuales que garanticen la construcción, actualización y transferencia de conocimientos en las disciplinas científicas? ¿qué diseño de materiales se requiere para potenciar aprendizajes flexibles de calidad?, ¿qué dimensiones, variables e indicadores dan cuenta de procesos de comunicación en estos entornos?, ¿Cuáles son las principales estrategias que promueven los desarrollos tecnológicos? ¿De qué manera se lleva a cabo el seguimiento y evaluación de los desarrollos tecnológicos? Para dar respuesta a estos interrogantes nos planteamos este proyecto que tiene por objetivos: diseñar, desarrollar, implementar y evaluar materiales basados en un modelo constructivista que utiliza como soporte las TIC el marco de la "Enseñanza para la Comprensión". Analizar las relaciones que se establecen en el intercambio comunicativo a través de las TIC, ya sea de manera síncrona o asíncrona e identificar las estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por los estudiantes cuando trabajan con entornos virtuales. Se profundizará en los siguientes temas: "La materia y sus cambios", "Biotecnología" y "Dilemas investigativos a los que se enfrentan los científicos". Los dos primeros módulos estarán destinados a la formación de futuros docentes en Ciencias y a la formación permanente de docentes en ejercicio. Los usuarios del tercer módulo serán los estudiantes del ciclo de nivelacion. Se propone desarrollar instrumentos de evaluación, adaptando indicadores que sirvan para evaluar el modelo, el diseño de los materiales, el medio tecnológico, la eficiencia de estos programas con TIC. Se van a definir variables que permitan identificar las estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por los usuarios de estos desarrollos tecnológicos y las relaciones que se establecen en el intercambio comunicativo de los entornos virtuales, haciendo hincapié en la lecto-escritura científica. Se utilizará la plataforma Moodle que permite la administración de los estudiantes, las interacciones sociales necesarias para integrar una comunidad de aprendizaje a través de los foros y correo electrónico y la evaluación continua de los aprendizajes. El desarrollo de los contenidos específicos y las actividades de aprendizaje se hará en CD interactivos elaborados con diferentes programas de computación. En el desarrollo de los materiales se incluyen algunas simulaciones interactivas que permiten comprender conceptos que habitualmente requerían experimentación fáctica. El estudio se enmarca en la combinación de dos enfoques metodológicos que integran técnicas y procedimientos de análisis tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos. Consideramos que esta investigación es una contribución teórica importante ya que propone mejorar un modelo para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales introduciendo las TIC. Se espera realizar un aporte novedoso al campo de la Didáctica de las Ciencias con la obtención de los resultados y acciones tendientes a establecer una red de comunicaciones entre los docentes participantes y los investigadores involucrados en el programa, instalada en forma progresiva.

Contracting : ein komplettierendes Finanzierungsinstrument für innovative technische Energieversorgungslösungen

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Verfahrens- und Systemtechnik, Diss., 2011

Energieeffizienz in Gebäuden durch innovative Gebäudetechnik, Durchgängiges Engineering von Gebäudesystemen

Aufbauend auf den Arbeiten von Prof. Dr. Müller (Hochschule Wismar) wird am Beispiel eines Fachklinikums mit Forschungslaboratorien eine Methode und Struktur der integrierten Planung zur Gebäudetechnik und Gebäudeautomation vorgestellt. Die linear integrierte Planung der HOAI wird aufgelöst in einen auf mehreren Varianten basierenden Planungsablauf, der durch die variablen Kriterien Energieeffizienz und Ökonomie zu einer optimierten Gesamtlösung führt.

Conceptual Foundations of Modelling of Innovative Production Projects

At the moment there is a lack of methodological approaches to formalization of management of innovative projects relating to production systems, as well as to adaptation and practical use of the existing approaches. This article is about one potential approach to the management of innovative projects, which makes the building of innovative process models possible based on objective approach. It outlines the frameworks for the building of innovative project models, and describes the method of transition from conceptual modelling to innovative project management. In this case, the model alone and together with parameters used for evaluation of the project may be unique and depends on the special features of the project, preferences of decision-making person, and production and economic system in which it is to be implemented. Unlike existing approaches, this concept does not place any restrictions on types of models and makes it possible to take into account the specificities of economic and production systems. Principles embodied in the model allow its usage as a basis for simulation model to be used in one of specialized simulation systems, as well as for information system providing information support of decision-making process in production and economic systems both newly developed by the company (enterprise) and designed on the basis of available information systems that interact through the exchange of data. In addition, this article shows that the development of conceptual foundations of innovative project management in the economic and production systems is inseparable from the development of the theory of industrial control systems, and their comprehensive study may be reduced to a set of elements represented as certain algorithms, models and evaluations. Thus, the study of innovative process may be conducted in both directions: from general to particular, and vice versa.