Transição para um novo centro de distribuição logístico em uma indústria de confecção

In a highly competitive environment for manufacturers and retailers in the garment sector, flexible solutions for warehousing, distribution and exhibition of products directly influence the cost and responsiveness to market demands. This work refers to a Textile/Clothing, which undergoes a process of restructuring and growth, where we evaluated the need for professionalism in all its processes, so that the high demands were met in a sales perennial. Thus, this study aims to identify and analyze possible improvements in the process of transition from a logistics/manufacturing force in a Textile/Clothing in existence since 1998, located in São Paulo, a framework for a new logistics Center Distribution Logistics. The theoretical basis of the research literature addresses as Distribution Center and its basic functions, layout and performance indicators. As result it was mapped the current logistics processes, contributing directly to the development of the layout of the new Distribution Center. Have also been established KPI,s ( Key Performance Indicator) and Logistics Performance Indicators showing the actual process performance, helping professionals in make decisions

Gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde do pronto socorro de um hospital escola na cidade de Botucatu

Health Care Waste (HCW) represents 1%, and it has presently gained a lot of importance. Adequate management is one of the great challenges to be faced by health care centers. It has gained distinction and been widely discussed by members of the sectors involved with sanitation, public health and environmental issues due to waste physical, chemical biological characteristics, which pose potential risk to the environment and public health. The present study aims at evaluating HCW internal management by following all its phases, determining indicators, classifying and quantifying, establishing production rates (kg /patient/day) for the sector and designing materials to disseminate appropriate HCW disposal in the Emergency Room of the UNESP University Hospital in the city of Botucatu according to the guidelines presently in force. : From June to October 2011, the waste flow was observed from its production to final disposal. Four weight measurements were performed on four consecutive days in the month of August by using a properly calibrated (in grams) digital scale at the times scheduled for collection of the produced waste. Hence, the daily and monthly amounts were estimated according to their classification. All the waste packaged in the bags in garbage cans in the Emergency Room for a 24-hour period was considered to be a sample. Separation was not adequately performed in that sector, and waste from Group A was mixed with that from Group D. The amount of infectious waste produced in the sector corresponded to 87.80 %, common waste to 10.93 % and recyclable waste to 1.27%. The mean daily HCW production was of 123.300 kg/day, and the total monthly production was of 3,822 kg/month, which was distributed as follows: Group A 3,355,750 kg/month; Group D 417,570 kg/month and recyclables 48,670 kg/month. The production rate corresponded to 0.47 kg/patient/day, thus showing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Reciclagem de poliestireno expandido: compósito com fibras de algodão para a confecção de placas de circuito impresso

In this work polymeric composites reinforced with cotton fibers, from the textile industry, were developed in order to manufacture printed circuit boards. It was used expanded polystyrene (EPS) as a thermoplastic matrix by melting it. For the obtention of 10% and 15% of fiber volume fraction in cotton fibers composites, it was used wasted cotton fibers as an incentive of recycling and reusing of the domestic and industrial wastes as well as for Expanded Polystyrene(EPS). The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated by tensile and flexural strength from standardized test methods. Composites were characterized by a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric analysis. The analysis of the results showed that fiber in the composite directly influenced in the thermal and mechanical properties

Cultura empresarial e reestruturação produtiva na indústria brasileira: o caso da Lupo S/A

Founded in 1921, the company currently known as Lupo S/A is one of the most ancient textile and clothing industries in Brazil. In this article we aim to describe the general lines of the trajectory of this family company, currently producing socks, nightwear and sports articles. The focus of this paper is on the analysis of some strategies used by the company along its formation and development process, and, particularly, the way these strategies made possible the productive restructuring associated to the overcoming of the strong crisis which began in the end of the 80's and early 90's, contributing to its recent consolidation in the clothing industry. The leading hypothesis of the study is that pioneering connected to a strong organizational culture that has been formed and constructed since its foundation and that was reestablished in a more recent management were the factors which were responsible for the advances able to generate an innovation environment in products as well as in processes and management. The theoretical reflection selected to subsidize the cognitive construction of the study of the company is based on the historical approach of the development of the textile industry in Brazil and in studies about the importance of the action of the entrepreneur, in the role of the organizational culture and of innovation to choose strategies in companies. The research involved the analysis of documents and data of the company, as well as interviews with directors and employees. The results show a traditional company model, but also show the presence of a very advanced entrepreneurial dynamic. Modern world – known as a fordist industrial model – could already be noticed in the company when this production pattern was not clearly defined yet in the Brazilian industry. Nowadays, the company faces the challenge of globalization and the open competition in the international market which brings the rivalry of the greatest and best globalized companies.

O efeito do fim do Acordo sobre Têxteis e Vestuários para a indústria brasileira: uma análise a partir da fronteira de produção estocástica

This article investigates the productivity and production function of thirteen large Brazilian textile and clothing companies before and after the end of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (AVT) that abolished import quotas in 2005. For this purpose, we estimate the stochastic production frontier in panel data between 1997 and 2008 and simultaneously an explanatory equation for the (in)efficiency of firms, as proposed by Battese and Coelli (1995). The results indicated that more efficient firms are the oldest. The total factor productivity of firms tended to fall, even after the end of quotas, increasing productivity only from 2007. Overall, firms from Santa Catarina were more efficient than those of other states.

Biorremoção de corante direto de efluente industrial simulado utilizando levedura liofilizada

One of the most primal ways of human work already known is the tessellation and ginning for the production of fabric and clothing - what used to be, back in those days, statement of power and status. The arrival of the Industrial Revolution - in the middle of the XVIII century at Britain - increased the textile industry production, and what used to be manufactured and hard to obtain, starts then to be produced in mechanical ways and large-scale. Despite all the boost given to the economy of an expanding capitalist market, it should be pointed out the consequences of this major industrialization, especially the environmental ones, more and more concerning nowadays. The emissions of waste - that sometimes could be toxic - in effluents can possibly contaminate the aquatic ecosystems, causing a huge damage to its fauna and flora, affecting therefore all the biodiversity, reaching inclusively the humans. To avoid these problems, a few strategies have been taking place in the attempt to eliminate - or at least reduce - the amount of dye found in the effluents, and as the textile industry constantly leaves waste, efficient methods - that present good results in a short period of time - with a low cost are needed. The present study will test the bioremoval capacity of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in contact with dyes in a fix concentration, diluted in water with three different pH values. The tests will be done duplicate, and after the concentration analyses - made by spectrophotometry - it will be analyzed which pH shows major efficiency in the dye removal and what is the influence of the biomass in this process

Avaliação do tratamento eletroquímico (direto e indireto) como alternativa de degradação do corante azul de metileno

Textile industry has been a cause of environmental pollution, mainly due to the generation of large volumes of waste containing high organic loading and intense color. In this context, this study evaluated the electrochemical degradation of synthetic effluents from textile industry containing Methylene Blue (AM) dye, using Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5 and Ti/Pt anodes, by direct and indirect (active chlorine) electrooxidation. We evaluated the influence of applied current density (20, 40 and 60 mA/cm2 ), and the presence of different concentrations of electrolyte (NaCl and Na2SO4), as well as the neutral and alkaline pH media. The electrochemical treatment was conducted in a continuous flow reactor, in which the electrolysis time of the AM 100 ppm was 6 hours. The performance of electrochemical process was evaluated by UV-vis spectrophotometry, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC). The results showed that with increasing current density, it was possible to obtain 100 % of color removal at Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5 and Ti/Pt electrodes. Regarding the color removal efficiency, increasing the concentration of electrolyte promotes a higher percentage of removal using 0,02 M Na2SO4 and 0,017 M NaCl. Concerning to the aqueous medium, the best color removal results were obtained in alkaline medium using Ti/Pt. In terms of organic matter, 86 % was achieved in neutral pH medium for Ti/Pt; while a 30 % in an alkaline medium. To understand the electrochemical behavior due to the oxygen evolution reaction, polarization curves were registered, determining that the presence of NaCl in the solution favored the production of active chlorine species. The best results in energy consumption and cost were obtained by applying lower current density (20 mA/cm2 ) in 6 hours of electrolysis.

Princípios Lean aplicados à gestão da informação: um caso prático no departamento de custeio da ECCO

O pensamento lean, assim como os conceitos e práticas que lhe estão associados, são, hoje em dia, vistos pelas organizações como meios que promovem a busca pela excelência empresarial. A aplicação dos princípios lean ultrapassou já a barreira do domínio produtivo, conhecendo-se, cada vez mais, outros ramos de utilização, como é o caso do setor dos serviços, que tem demonstrado um potencial enorme no que diz respeito à exploração desta filosofia. No entanto, as experiências de aplicação destes princípios a outras áreas, que não a indústria de transformação, têm ainda poucos resultados concretos espelhados na literatura. Este projeto surge no sentido de contribuir para alcançar processos mais eficientes, aplicando ferramentas e metodologias da filosofia lean a processos de gestão da informação, tendo o caso prático decorrido no recém-criado Departamento de Custeio Global da ECCO. Por se tratar de um novo departamento, ergue-se a necessidade de construir e modificar ferramentas e práticas em toda a estrutura da empresa. Deste modo, o lean será utilizado como um possível caminho para promover a melhoria contínua dos vários processos, tendo em vista a obtenção de uma melhor relação entre os resultados obtidos e os recursos despendidos. Assim, serão apresentadas várias propostas de melhoria para o departamento em causa, no âmbito da gestão da informação e que, partindo de uma análise inicial baseada nos princípios lean, pretendem agregar mais valor aos processos, minimizando os desperdícios que lhes estão associados e, consequentemente, promovendo o seu melhoramento contínuo.

Mestres estrangeiros; operariado nacional : resistências e derrotas no cotidiano da maior fábrica têxtil do rio de janeiro (1890 - 1920)

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, 2015.

Obtenção de filtro cerâmico a partir da diatomita e casca de arroz carbonizada visando tratamento de efluente têxtil

The effluents released by the textile industry have high concentrations of alkali, carbohydrates, proteins, in addition to colors containing heavy metals. Therefore, a filter was prepared aiming primarily to the removal of color. In order to prepare this filter, rice hulls and diatomite were used, which have in their structure, basically amorphous hydrated silica. The silica exists in three crystalline forms: quartz, tridymite and cristobalite. In accordance with the above considerations, this study was divided into two stages; the first corresponds to the preparation of the filter and the second to carry out the tests in the effluent/filter in order to verify the efficiency of the color removal. First, the raw material was subjected to a chemical analysis and XRD, and then the diatomite was mixed, via humid, with a planetarium windmill with 20 %, 40 %, 60 % and 80 % of rice husk ash. To the mixture, 5 % carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added as a binder at room temperature. The samples were uniaxially compacted into metallic matrix of 0.3 x 0.1 cm² of area at a pressure of 167 MPa by means of hydraulic press and then sintered at temperatures of 1,000 °C, 1,200 °C and 1,400 °C for 1 h and submitted to granulometry test using laser, linear retraction, water absorption, apparent porosity and resistance to bending, DTA, TMA and XRD. To examine the pore structure of the samples scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used. Also tests were carried out in a mercury porosimeter to verify the average size of the pores and real density of the samples. In the second stage, samples of the effluent were collected from a local industry, whose name will be preserved, located in Igapó, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte - RN. The effluent was first pretreated before filtration and then subjected to a treatment of flotation. The effluent was then characterized before and after filtration, with parameters of color, turbidity, suspended solids, pH, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand (COD and BOD). Thus, through the XRD analysis the formation of cristobalite α in all samples was observed. The best average size of pore was found to be 1.75 μm with 61.04 % apparent porosity, thus obtaining an average 97.9 % color removal and 99.8 % removal of suspended solid

O empreendedorismo e a sustentabilidade ambiental: construção de um plano de negócios na área dos resíduos industriais do concelho de Anadia

No contexto atual, o empreendedorismo e a sustentabilidade ambiental configuram-se como grandes preocupações dos agentes económicos e sociais, no sentido de se otimizar os recursos naturais, fomentar o desenvolvimento económico e a criação de negócios numa base sustentável. O estudo desenvolve estes argumentos, propondo-se a construção de um plano de negócios de criação de uma nova empresa no concelho de Anadia, com vista à recolha, transporte e tratamento de resíduos industriais, económica, social e financeiramente viável no quadro legal português. A metodologia seguida foi essencialmente de natureza qualitativa, permitindo a caracterização da indústria de tratamento de resíduos industriais no distrito de Aveiro; a compreensão do quadro legal existente; traçando uma estratégia baseada na experiência dos promotores, em capital próprio disponível, e numa visão empreendedora; para além de desenhar o plano operacional, de marketing e financeiro. Conclui-se que o projeto construído é económica e financeiramente viável, constatando-se que tal iniciativa configura em primeiro lugar um projeto de natureza empresarial válido, o qual contribui para a sustentabilidade ambiental discutida. E só em segundo, um projeto de empreendedorismo baseado numa ideia empreendedora.

Desenvolvimento de membranas porosas de alumina para fins de tratamento de efluente industrial têxtil

Textile production has been considered as an activity of high environmental impact due to the generation of large volumes of waste water with high load of organic compounds and strongly colored effluents, toxic and difficult biodegradability. This thesis deals with obtaining porous alumina ceramic membranes for filtration of textile effluent in the removal of contaminants, mainly color and turbidity. Two types of alumina with different particle sizes as a basis for the preparation of formulation for mass production of ceramic samples and membranes. The technological properties of the samples were evaluated after using sintering conditions: 1,350ºC-2H, 1,450ºC-30M, 1,450ºC-2H, 1,475ºC-30M and 1,475ºC-2H. The sintered samples were characterized by XRD, XRF, AG, TG, DSC, DL, AA, MEA, RL, MRF-3P, SEM and Intrusion Porosimetry by Mercury. After the characterization, a standard membrane was selected with their respective sintering condition for the filterability tests. The effluent was provided by a local Textile Industry and characterized at the entry and exit of the treatment plant. A statistical analysis was used to study the effluent using the following parameters: pH, temperature, EC, SS, SD, oil and grease, turbidity, COD, DO, total phosphorus, chlorides, phenols, metals and fecal coliform. The filtered effluent was evaluated by using the same parameters. These results demonstrate that the feasibility of the use of porous alumina ceramic membranes for removing contaminants from textile effluent with improved average pore size of 0.4 micrometre (distribution range varying from 0,025 to 2.0 micrometre), with total porosity of 29.66%, and average percentages of color removal efficiency of 89.02%, 92.49% of SS, turbidity of 94.55%, metals 2.70% (manganese) to 71.52% (iron) according to each metal and COD removal of 72.80%

Degradação de corante por partículas de ferro zero suportadas em sílica

A água é um bem essencial a todos os seres vivos. Porém, o homem não tem dado o valor e atenção necessários para a preservação dessa riqueza. Por mais que o ser humano não faça a água desaparecer do planeta, ele tem contribuído e muito para o decréscimo de sua qualidade. Dentre as várias atividades antropogênicas, que tem contribuído para a poluição das águas, destaca-se a atividade industrial. A indústria têxtil, por exemplo, libera enormes volumes de dejetos, destacando-se os corantes, além deles prejudicarem a ocorrência de fotossíntese, apresentam elevada toxicidade ao meio marinho. Com isso, este trabalho visa estudar a degradação do corante Alaranjado de Metila via catálise heterogênea. Neste estudo, foram realizadas a preparação e a caracterização de partículas metálicas estabilizadas em sílica, sendo essas partículas com diferentes teores de ferro (50 %wt, 25 %wt e 5 %wt) aderido ao suporte. Após o preparo dos catalisadores realizou-se o estudo de sua eficiência frente a diferentes parâmetros como: quantidade de catalisador, temperatura e pH. Por meio dos testes realizados foi possível observar que a quantidade do catalisador influência a reação de redução do corante Alaranjado de Metila. Porém, quando se atinge o ponto de saturação, mesmo que se adicione mais catalisador não é possível aumentar a degradação. Através da variação da temperatura, observou-se que quanto maior a temperatura maior a degradação do corante. Isso pode ser explicado devido o aumento do número de colisões entre os sítios ativos do catalisador e as moléculas do corante. E por meio da variação de pH, concluiu-se que pHs ácidos permitem que a reação de redução do corante ocorra mais rápido e pHs elevados tornam a reação de degradação do corante mais lenta, porém ainda assim ocorrem de forma satisfatória. O catalisador pôde ser reutilizado por até 3 vezes, sem nenhum tratamento prévio. Os catalisadores a 50 %wt, assim como, a 25 %wt foram capazes de degradar o corante de forma eficiente, porém o catalisador a 5 %wt não se mostrou ser eficaz. Foram realizados testes sob radiação microondas e a reação de redução ocorreu de forma muito eficaz, apresentando 100% de degradação em apenas 2 minutos. Além disso, realizou-se o estudo cinético, onde segundo dados experimentais, as reações foram classificadas como sendo de primeira ordem