Secure mobile RFID ownership transfer protocol to cover all transfer scenarios

Existing business models require RFID tag to transfer its ownership during its life cycle. As a result, a RFID tags might have many owners during its life cycle. However, the transfer of ownership should ensure that previous owners have no information about current owner's data. Physical ownership does not ensure digital ownership transfer given the wireless nature of communication with RFID tags. Most of the proposed protocol in this nature is implacable to address aU existing RFID tag ownership transfer scenarios. Moreover, they have many security concerns and vulnerabilities. In this paper, we have investigated and discussed all existing business cases and their transfer scenarios. To cover all ownership transfer scenarios, we have presented an ownership transfer protocol. The proposed protocol has used modified DiffieHellman algorithm to perform ownership request validation and authentication of involved parties. Performance comparison shows that our protocol is practical to implement passive low-cost RFID tags, securely performs tag ownership transfer and can be used for all existing ownership transfer scenarios.

Secure RFID tag ownership transfer based on quadratic residues

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to secure ownership transfer in RFID systems based on the quadratic residue property. We present two secure ownership transfer schemes-the closed loop and open loop schemes. An important property of our schemes is that ownership transfer is guaranteed to be atomic. Further, both our schemes are suited to the computational constraints of EPC Class-1 Gen-2 passive RFID tags as they only use operations that such passive RFID tags are capable of. We provide a detailed security analysis to show that our schemes achieve strong privacy and satisfy the required security properties of tag anonymity, tag location privacy, forward secrecy, and forward untraceability. We also show that the schemes are resistant to replay (both passive and algebraic), desynchronization, and server impersonation attacks. Performance comparisons demonstrate that our schemes are practical and can be implemented on low-cost passive RFID tags.

RFID tag ownership transfer protocol for a closed loop system

In the RFID system a tag is attached to an object which might own by a number of people during its life cycle. As a result, the RFID system requires to transfer ownership of the tag. The ownership transfer has to protect privacy of current and new owner. There are number of ownership transfer protocol proposed to achieve secure ownership transfer. However, most of them are impractical or insecure to implement on current passive RFID tags. We are presenting an ownership transfer protocol using timer based shared secret for closed loop RFID systems. The protocol will ensure security and privacy of involved parties in the idle circumstances. Our comparison shows that the proposed protocol is more secure and practical than existing similar ones.

Scenarios for an RFID tag ownership transfer protocol for a closed loop system

In RFID system a tag is attached to an object which might own by a number of owners during its life time. This requires the RFID system to transfer ownership of the tag to its new owner. The ownership transfer has to protect privacy of current and new owner. Many ownership tag ownership transfer exists in the literature, however, most of them are impractical or insecure to implement on current passive RFID tags. We are proposing a timer based ownership transfer protocol for closed loop RFID systems. The proposal in this paper includes two implement scenario to cover diverse tags type. The protocol will ensure security and privacy of involved parties in the idle circumstances. Our comparison shows that the proposed protocol is more secure and practical than existing similar ones.

Proteínas séricas de potros da raça Puro Sangue Árabe recém-desmamados ou com mais de trinta dias de desmame

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Malaria at Humaita county, Amazonas state, Brazil: XVII - immune response in patients with Plasmodium falciparum according to gametocytes

Em agosto de 1983, os Autores, estudaram 36 doentes com infecção causada pelo Plasmodium falciparum e 14 indivíduos normais, nascidos na região de Humaitá, que nunca tiveram malária, sem esplenomegalia, com exame parasitológico de sangue e hemaglutinação passiva negativas. Todos eles foram submetidos à observação clínica completa, exame hematológico, exame parasitológico de sangue e tipagem de linfócitos. Os linfócitos foram isolados e congelados em nitrogênio líquido, para posterior tipagem pela formação de rosetas. Os doentes foram classificados em dois grupos de acordo com a presença (13 doentes), ou ausência (23 doentes) de gametócitos antes do tratamento. Houve predomínio de formas graves no grupo de doentes sem gametócitos. Os resultados mostraram diminuição do número de linfócitos T em ambos os grupos de doentes, com ou sem gametócitos antes do tratamento, enquanto que o número de linfócitos B foi normal apenas no grupo de doentes com gametócitos. Essas observações, assim como as que foram relatadas pelos Autores anteriormente, permitem associar a presença de gametócitos circulantes com o número normal de células B em doentes com formas leves de malária causada pelo Plasmodium falciparum.

Effects of Gestational and Lactational Fenvalerate Exposure on Immune and Reproductive Systems of Male Rats

The aim of this study was to determine the consequent reproductive developmental and immunotoxic effects due to exposure to fenvalerate during pregnancy and lactation in male offspring of maternal-treated rats. Pregnant rats were treated daily by oral gavage with 40 or 80 mg/kg of fenvalerate or corn oil (vehicle, control), from d 12 of pregnancy to d 21 of lactation. Immune and reproductive developmental effects were assessed in male offspring at postnatal days (PND) 40 (peripuberty), 60 (postpuberty), and 90 (sexual maturity). Treatment with the higher dose (80 mg/kg) resulted in convulsive behavior, hyperexcitability, and mortality in 45% of the dams. Fenvalerate was detected in the fetus due to placental transfer, as well as in pups due to breast-milk ingestion, persisting in male offspring until PND 40 even though pesticide treatment was terminated on PND 20. However, fenvalerate did not produce marked alterations in age of testicular descent to the scrotum and prepucial separation, parameters indicative of puberty initiation. In contrast, at puberty, there was a reduction in testicular weight and sperm production in male offspring of maternal-treated rats. At adulthood, the sperm counts and fertility did not differ between control and treated groups. Testosterone levels were not changed at any time during reproductive development. Similarly, no apparent exposure-related effects were detected in the histological structures of the lymphohematopoietic system. Data indicate that fenvalerate, in this experimental model, interfered with initial development of the male reproductive system, but that these effects on sperm production or fertility did not persist into adulthood. There was no apparent evidence that fenvalerate altered testosterone levels or produced a disruption in male endocrine functions.

On energy transfer phenomena, in a nonlinear ideal and nonideal essential vibrating systems, coupled to a (MR) magneto-rheological damper

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

CELL-MEDIATED AND HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES IN IMMUNIZED AND OR DERMATOBIA-HOMINIS INFESTED RABBITS

The cell-mediated and humoral immune response of rabbits to antigens from larvae of Dermatobia hominis were analyzed by leucocyte migration inhibition factor assay (MIF), immunodiffusion (ID) and passive hemagglutination (PH) test in rabbits immunized with D. hominis extract, in rabbits immunized and infested with the parasite and rabbits infested with D. hominis. Twenty rabbits were divided into five groups: Group 1, rabbits immunized with a crude antigen extract, evaluated for 40 weeks at 4 week intervals; Group 2, rabbits immunized and infested with newly hatched larvae at 14 weeks post immunization (PI) and evaluated as Group 1; Group 3, rabbits immunized, evaluated for 28 weeks at 2 week intervals; Group 4, rabbits immunized and infested at 4 weeks PI and evaluated as Group 3; Group 5, rabbits infested and evaluated for 24 weeks at 2 week intervals. Different patterns of reactivity were observed in the infested and immunized animals: immunized rabbits developed antibodies and cellular immune responses earlier and at higher levels during immunization than the infested rabbits; the infestation at 14 weeks PI, when the cell-mediated and humoral immune response began to decrease, or at 4 weeks PI when these parameters were at higher levels, elicited an anamnestic response. After the spontaneous elimination of larvae by the host, from the 4th week PI onwards, high titers of antibodies and migration inhibition indices were maintained for a long period. These results suggest that the onset of cellular and humoral immune responses after immunization may be important as a biological control of myiasis and contribute to better understanding of the immune defense mechanism of the host against D. hominis.

Passive Immunity of Progeny from Broiler Breeders Vaccinated with Oil-Emulsion Bacterin Against Salmonella Enteritidis

Young poultry are very susceptible to Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infections because of the absence of complete intestinal flora colonization and an immature immune system. This study evaluated the role of passive immunity on the resistance of young birds against early infections caused by SE. The progeny of broiler breeders vaccinated with an oil-emulsion bacterin was compared to the progeny of unvaccinated birds. Efficacy was determined by challenging birds at 1 and 14 days of age with SE Nal Spc strain, phage type 4. After challenge at 1 day of age, the progeny of vaccinated birds presented a significantly lower number (log(10)) of SE Nal Spc reisolation (P < 0.05) in liver (2.21), spleen (2.31), and cecal contents (2.85) compared with control groups (2.76, 3.02, and 6.03, respectively). The examination of the internal organs, 3 days after infection, revealed that 28% of the birds (7/25) from vaccinated breeders were positive, whereas 100% (25/25) of the chicks derived from unvaccinated birds were positive. Birds challenged at 14 days of age presented a lower number of positive samples compared with those challenged at 1 day of age, and the progeny of vaccinated birds presented statistically lower numbers (log(10)) of colony-forming units/ml of SE Nal Spc only in the cecal contents compared with nonvaccinated breeder progeny (2.11 vs. 2.94). Age seems to influence the susceptibility of birds to SE infections: in control groups, the number of positive birds at 14 days of age (9/25) was lower when compared with the group infected at 1 day of age (25/25). The number of positive fecal samples of the progeny of vaccinated birds was significantly lower (36) than those of the control group (108) after challenge at 1 day of age. Unchallenged progeny of vaccinated birds presented passive antibodies detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) up to 21 days of age. on the other hand, antibodies of the control group were detected by ELISA 14 days after challenge. These results show a significant contribution of breeder vaccination by increasing the resistance of the progeny against early SE infections. However, the bacteria were not completely eliminated, suggesting that additional procedures are needed to effectively control SE infections.

Salivary epithelial cells as model to study immune response against cutaneous pathogens

The human skin not only provides passive protection as a physical barrier against external injury, but also mediates active surveillance via epidermal cell surface receptors that recognize and respond to potential invaders. Primary keratinocytes and immortalized cell lines, the commonly used sources to investigate immune responses of cutaneous epithelium are often difficult to obtain and/or potentially exhibit changes in cellular genetic make-up. Here we investigated the possibility of using salivary epithelial cells (SEC) to evaluate the host response to cutaneous microbes. Elevated secretion of IFN-γ and IL-12 was observed in the SEC stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus, a transient pathogen of the skin, as mono species biofilm as compared to SEC stimulated with a commensal microbe, the Staphylococcus epidermidis. Co-culture of the SEC with both microbes as dual species biofilm elicited maximum cytokine response. Stimulation with S. aureus alone but not with S. epidermidis alone induced maximum toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) expression in the SEC. Exposure to dual species biofilm induced a sustained upregulation of TLR-2 in the SEC for up to an hour. The data support novel application of the SEC as efficient biospecimen that may be used to investigate personalized response to cutaneous microflora. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Titulação de anticorpos anti-Rhodococcus equi em éguas prenhas e potros

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Transferência de imunidade passiva de vacas da raça Holandesa imunizadas e não imunizadas contra rotavírus para seus bezerros

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Anti-inflammatory effect of MAPK phosphatase-1 local gene transfer in inflammatory bone loss

Alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal diseases is the result of osteoclastogenesis induced by bacterial pathogens. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) is a critical negative regulator of immune response as a key phosphatase capable of dephosphorylating activated MAPKs. In this study, rat macrophages transduced with recombinant adenovirus (Ad.)MKP-1 specifically dephosphorylated activated MAPKs induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared with control cells. Bone marrow macrophages from MKP-1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited higher interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and select chemokine compared with wild-type (WT) mice when stimulated by LPS. In addition, bone marrow cultures from MKP-1 KO mice exhibited significantly more osteoclastogenesis induced by LPS than when compared with WT mice. Importantly, MKP-1 gene transfer in bone marrow cells of MKP-1 KO mice significantly decreased IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and chemokine levels, and formed fewer osteoclasts induced by LPS than compared with control group of cells. Furthermore, MKP-1 gene transfer in an experimental periodontal disease model attenuated bone resorption induced by LPS. Histological analysis confirmed that periodontal tissues transduced with Ad. MKP-1 exhibited less infiltrated inflammatory cells, less osteoclasts and less IL-6 than compared with rats of control groups. These studies indicate that MKP-1 is a key therapeutic target to control of inflammation-induced bone loss.