Possible links between BL Lacertae objects and quasars from very long baseline interferometry radio data.

Systematic differences in the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) radio polarization structure and average VLBI component speeds of BL Lacertae objects and quasars support the view that the observational distinction between these classes, based in large part on the strength of their optical line emission, is meaningful; in other words, this distinction reflects significant differences in the physical conditions in these sources. Possible models providing a link between the optical and VLBI properties of BL Lacertae objects and quasars are discussed. Most VLBI polarization observations to date have been global observations made at 6 cm; recent results suggest that the VLBI polarization structure of some sources may change dramatically on scales smaller than those probed by these 6-cm observations.

Reinach-Nord (BL, Suisse): Une ferme gauloise à l'aube de l'époque romaine

Situé dans la vallée de la Birse, Reinach appartient à l'arrière-pays de Bâle et est localisé dans la plaine du Rhin supérieur. Cette zone jouant un rôle important pendant la Guerre des Gaules ainsi que durant le Ier siècle apr. J.-C., on doit envisager de forts bouleversements du peuplement de cette région au changement d'ère. Grâce à des conditions favorables, les structures de La Tène finale au lieu-dit "Mausacker" sont très bien conservées et permettent de restituer une ferme laténienne avec deux phases différentes. Au même endroit se situe une villa gallo-romaine, mieux connue par ses enclos funéraires que par les structures résidentielles. Des études pluridisciplinaires financées par le Fonds national suisse (FNS) sont en cours pour les vestiges laténiens et gallo-romains de Reinach-Nord.

Import passenger automobile weight projections 1979-1986: Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volvo, BL Ltd. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Philosophie du commerce ou Esquisse d'une théorie des profits et des prix : contenant un Examen des principes qui déterminent la valeur relative du blé, du travail et du numéraire /

Mode of access: Internet.

Classification. Class B, part II, BL-BX: Religion.

Mode of access: Internet.

Letters from the saints; early Renaissance and Reformation periods from St. Thomas Aquinas to Bl.

Mode of access: Internet.

Das Buch der Liebe : eine Blütenlese aus der gesammten Liebeslyrik aller Zeiten und Vl̲ker, in deutschen Uebertragungen /

Mode of access: Internet.

Design methodology for the servo control of high speed multi-axis machinery (BL): decoupling and synchronisation of a generic machine by blockwise decentralised MIMO control

Traditional machinery for manufacturing processes are characterised by actuators powered and co-ordinated by mechanical linkages driven from a central drive. Increasingly, these linkages are replaced by independent electrical drives, each performs a different task and follows a different motion profile, co-ordinated by computers. A design methodology for the servo control of high speed multi-axis machinery is proposed, based on the concept of a highly adaptable generic machine model. In addition to the dynamics of the drives and the loads, the model includes the inherent interactions between the motion axes and thus provides a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) description. In general, inherent interactions such as structural couplings between groups of motion axes are undesirable and needed to be compensated. On the other hand, imposed interactions such as the synchronisation of different groups of axes are often required. It is recognised that a suitable MIMO controller can simultaneously achieve these objectives and reconciles their potential conflicts. Both analytical and numerical methods for the design of MIMO controllers are investigated. At present, it is not possible to implement high order MIMO controllers for practical reasons. Based on simulations of the generic machine model under full MIMO control, however, it is possible to determine a suitable topology for a blockwise decentralised control scheme. The Block Relative Gain array (BRG) is used to compare the relative strength of closed loop interactions between sub-systems. A number of approaches to the design of the smaller decentralised MIMO controllers for these sub-systems has been investigated. For the purpose of illustration, a benchmark problem based on a 3 axes test rig has been carried through the design cycle to demonstrate the working of the design methodology.

The modelling of energy efficient drying for DSM (BL)

This thesis investigates the modelling of drying processes for the promotion of market-led Demand Side Management (DSM) as applied to the UK Public Electricity Suppliers. A review of DSM in the electricity supply industry is provided, together with a discussion of the relevant drivers supporting market-led DSM and energy services (ES). The potential opportunities for ES in a fully deregulated energy market are outlined. It is suggested that targeted industrial sector energy efficiency schemes offer significant opportunity for long term customer and supplier benefit. On a process level, industrial drying is highlighted as offering significant scope for the application of energy services. Drying is an energy-intensive process used widely throughout industry. The results of an energy survey suggest that 17.7 per cent of total UK industrial energy use derives from drying processes. Comparison with published work indicates that energy use for drying shows an increasing trend against a background of reducing overall industrial energy use. Airless drying is highlighted as offering potential energy saving and production benefits to industry. To this end, a comprehensive review of the novel airless drying technology and its background theory is made. Advantages and disadvantages of airless operation are defined and the limited market penetration of airless drying is identified, as are the key opportunities for energy saving. Limited literature has been found which details the modelling of energy use for airless drying. A review of drying theory and previous modelling work is made in an attempt to model energy consumption for drying processes. The history of drying models is presented as well as a discussion of the different approaches taken and their relative merits. The viability of deriving energy use from empirical drying data is examined. Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) are successfully applied to the modelling of drying rates for 3 drying technologies, namely convective air, heat pump and airless drying. The ANFIS systems are then integrated into a novel energy services model for the prediction of relative drying times, energy cost and atmospheric carbon dioxide emission levels. The author believes that this work constitutes the first to use fuzzy systems for the modelling of drying performance as an energy services approach to DSM. To gain an insight into the 'real world' use of energy for drying, this thesis presents a unique first-order energy audit of every ceramic sanitaryware manufacturing site in the UK. Previously unknown patterns of energy use are highlighted. Supplementary comments on the timing and use of drying systems are also made. The limitations of such large scope energy surveys are discussed.

Drying processess in the United Kingdom:assessment of industrial energy utilisation and efficiency of drying systems and the modelling of drying characters using neural networks (BL)

Drying is an important unit operation in process industry. Results have suggested that the energy used for drying has increased from 12% in 1978 to 18% of the total energy used in 1990. A literature survey of previous studies regarding overall drying energy consumption has demonstrated that there is little continuity of methods and energy trends could not be established. In the ceramics, timber and paper industrial sectors specific energy consumption and energy trends have been investigated by auditing drying equipment. Ceramic products examined have included tableware, tiles, sanitaryware, electrical ceramics, plasterboard, refractories, bricks and abrasives. Data from industry has shown that drying energy has not varied significantly in the ceramics sector over the last decade, representing about 31% of the total energy consumed. Information from the timber industry has established that radical changes have occurred over the last 20 years, both in terms of equipment and energy utilisation. The energy efficiency of hardwood drying has improved by 15% since the 1970s, although no significant savings have been realised for softwood. A survey estimating the energy efficiency and operating characteristics of 192 paper dryer sections has been conducted. Drying energy was found to increase to nearly 60% of the total energy used in the early 1980s, but has fallen over the last decade, representing 23% of the total in 1993. These results have demonstrated that effective energy saving measures, such as improved pressing and heat recovery, have been successfully implemented since the 1970s. Artificial neural networks have successfully been applied to model process characteristics of microwave and convective drying of paper coated gypsum cove. Parameters modelled have included product moisture loss, core gypsum temperature and quality factors relating to paper burning and bubbling defects. Evaluation of thermal and dielectric properties have highlighted gypsum's heat sensitive characteristics in convective and electromagnetic regimes. Modelling experimental data has shown that the networks were capable of simulating drying process characteristics to a high degree of accuracy. Product weight and temperature were predicted to within 0.5% and 5C of the target data respectively. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the underlying properties of the data could be predicted through a high level of input noise.

Controllo morfologico sulla dinamica delle colate detritiche nel territorio di Cortina d’Ampezzo (BL)

Questo studio si propone di analizzare dal punto di vista morfometrico alcuni bacini del territorio comunale di Cortina d'Ampezzo, al fine di comprendere in dettaglio le zone di sviluppo dei processi di colata detritica che spesso si verificano in questa zona.

Évaluation de modèles prévisionnels de la fusariose de l'épi chez le blé sous les conditions de culture du Québec

La fusariose de l’épi est une maladie fongique des cultures céréalières au Québec. Les objectifs de ce projet étaient de vérifier l’influence de quatre facteurs (météorologie, cultivar, date de semis, fongicide) sur les rendements et la qualité du blé et d’évaluer les performances de neuf modèles à prédire l’incidence de cette maladie. Pendant deux ans, à quatre sites expérimentaux au Québec, des essais de blé de printemps et d’automne ont été implantés pour amasser un jeu de données météorologiques, phénologiques et épidémiologiques. L’application d’un fongicide a réduit la teneur en désoxynivalénol des grains dans neuf essais sur douze et a augmenté les rendements dans sept essais. De plus, les modèles prévisionnels américains et argentins ont eu de meilleures performances que les modèles canadiens et italiens quand leur seuil de décision était ajusté et que le développement du blé était suivi au champ.