A shock capturing scheme for steady, supercritical, free-surface flow

Abstract A finite difference scheme is presented for the solution of the two-dimensional shallow water equations in steady, supercritical flow. The scheme incorporates numerical characteristic decomposition, is shock capturing by design and incorporates space-marching as a result of the assumption that the flow is wholly supercritical in at least one space dimension. Results are shown for problems involving oblique hydraulic jumps and reflection from a wall.

Evaluation of a bounded high order upwind scheme for 3D incompressible free surface flow computations

fit the context of normalized variable formulation (NVF) of Leonard and total variation diminishing (TVD) constraints of Harten. this paper presents an extension of it previous work by the authors for solving unsteady incompressible flow problems. The main contributions of the paper are threefold. First, it presents the results of the development and implementation of a bounded high order upwind adaptative QUICKEST scheme in the 3D robust code (Freeflow), for the numerical solution of the full incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Second, it reports numerical simulation results for 1D hock tube problem, 2D impinging jet and 2D/3D broken clam flows. Furthermore, these results are compared with existing analytical and experimental data. And third, it presents the application of the numerical method for solving 3D free surface flow problems. (C) 2007 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved,

April 2003: Collection Provides Free Public Access to Government Documents

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Evaluation of a bounded high order upwind scheme for 3D incompressible free surface flow computations

fit the context of normalized variable formulation (NVF) of Leonard and total variation diminishing (TVD) constraints of Harten. this paper presents an extension of it previous work by the authors for solving unsteady incompressible flow problems. The main contributions of the paper are threefold. First, it presents the results of the development and implementation of a bounded high order upwind adaptative QUICKEST scheme in the 3D robust code (Freeflow), for the numerical solution of the full incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Second, it reports numerical simulation results for 1D hock tube problem, 2D impinging jet and 2D/3D broken clam flows. Furthermore, these results are compared with existing analytical and experimental data. and third, it presents the application of the numerical method for solving 3D free surface flow problems. (C) 2007 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved,

An application of the Element Free Galerkin Method to the analysis of quantum well structures

In order to obtain the quantum-mechanical properties of layered semicondutor structures (quantum well and superlattice structures, for instance), solutions of the Schrodinger equation should be obtained for arbitrary potential profiles. In this paper, it is shown that such problems may be also studied by the Element Free Galerkin Method.

EC94-852 Cash Flow Planning Form

This extension circular covers the following areas of a cash flow planning form: Beginning Cash Balance, Operating Sales (crop and hay, market livestock, livestock product, custom work); Capital Sales (breeding livestock, machinery and equipment); Personal Income (wages, interest); Operating Expenses (car/truck, chemicals, conservation, custom hire, feed purchased, fertilizers and lime, freight and trucking, gasoline, fuel and oil, insurance, labor hired, rents and leases, repairs and maintenance, seeds and plants, storage, warehousing, supplies, taxes, utilities, veterinary, breeding fees and medicine, feeder livestock); Capital Purchases (breeding livestock, machinery and equipment, family living withdrawals, personal investments, income and social security, term loan payments); Net Cash Available (operating loan borrowings, operating loan payments); and Ending Operating Loan Balance. Along with the Cash Flow Planning Form is a Projected Income Statement Form which covers Projected Business Income (operating sales, breeding livestock, estimated cash income adjustments, estimated gross revenues, estimated value of production); Project Business Expenses (cash operating, esimated operating, prepaid and supplies, cash investment in growing crops, accounts payable); Projected Net Income Summary (estimated net income from operations, estimated net business income, estimated net income after taxes, estimated earned net worth change); and a Physical Inventory Flows Worksheet.

From anionic polymerization in continuous flow to macromolecular architectures and stimuli-responsive surfaces

The thesis can be divided in four parts and summarized as follows:(i) The investigation and development of a continuous flow synthesis procedure affording end-functional polymers by anionic polymerization and subsequent termination in one reaction step and on a multigram scale was carried out. Furthermore, the implementation of not only a single hydroxyl but multiple orthogonal functionalities at the chain terminus was achieved by utilizing individually designed, functional epoxide-based end-capping reagents.(ii) In an additional step, the respective polymers were used as macroinitiators to prepare in-chain functionalized block copolymers and star polymers bearing intriguing novel structural and material properties. Thus, the second part of this thesis presents the utilization of end-functional polymers as precursors for the synthesis of amphiphilic complex and in some cases unprecedented macromolecular architectures, such as miktoarm star polymers based on poly(vinyl pyridine), poly(vinyl ferrocene) and PEO.(iii) Based on these structures, the third part of this thesis represents a detailed investigation of the preparation of stimuli-responsive ultrathin polymer films, using amphiphilic junction point-reactive block copolymers. The single functionality at the block interface can be employed as anchor group for the covalent attachment on surfaces. Furthermore, the change of surface properties was studied by applying different external stimuli.(iv) An additional topic related to the oxyanionic polymerizations carried out in the context of this thesis was the investigation of viscoelastic properties of different hyperbranched polyethers, inspired by the recent and intense research activities in the field of biomedical applications of multi-functional hyperbranched materials.

Exhaustion is associated with reduced habituation of free cortisol responses to repeated acute psychosocial stress

We investigated the association between exhaustion and the habituation of free cortisol responses to repeated stress exposure. The study comprised 25 healthy male subjects (38-59 years) who were confronted three times with the Trier Social Stress Test. Mean cortisol responses showed the well-known general habituation effect. A two-way interaction day by exhaustion (p<0.05) indicated that mean cortisol responses vary across stress sessions depending on the extent of exhaustion. Linear regression revealed a negative dose-response relationship between exhaustion and the degree of habituation (p<0.02). We identified 19 individuals showing a response habituation (negative slope) and 6 individuals showing a response sensitization over the three sessions (positive slope) with the latter reporting higher exhaustion scores. It might be hypothesized that impaired habituation to repeated exposure to the same stressor could reflect a state of increased vulnerability for allostatic load. Absence of normal habituation might be one potential mechanism how exhaustion relates to increased disease vulnerability.