Efeitos da faixa de controle do capim-braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens) no desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de eucalipto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fecundidade em Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) do Rio Ribeira de Iguape (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Maturation and growth curves of Macrobrachium Carcinus (Linnaeus) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from Ribeira de Iguape River, southern Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Faixa de suficiência para a cultura do algodão no centro-oeste do Brasil: II. micronutrientes

For to establish the micronutrients sufficiency range for the cotton, was used the method of mathematical chance for nutritional monitory data of three cotton growth locations in the Midwest of the Brazil, evaluating 152 areas. The method of mathematical chance was adequate for to establish cotton micronutrients references values, can be to help parameters were the conventional research cannot to prove in the short time. The micronutrients sufficiency range for productivity of 4000kg ha(-1) were, in the mg kg(-1), 41-89; 4-14; 90-230; 23-100; 25-50, and for 4500kg ha(-1) was 53-83; 4-12; 110-440; 40-60 e 25-50 for B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, respectively. The sufficiency ranges indicated was similar to the existing official recommendations, however, is indicated the approach for to supply the specifics of the systems. The limitations of the method can be minimized with the expansion of the nutritional monitoring system in the cotton crops.

Estrutura ANFIS modificada para identificação e controle de plantas com ampla faixa de operação e não linearidade acentuada

In this work a modification on ANFIS (Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System) structure is proposed to find a systematic method for nonlinear plants, with large operational range, identification and control, using linear local systems: models and controllers. This method is based on multiple model approach. This way, linear local models are obtained and then those models are combined by the proposed neurofuzzy structure. A metric that allows a satisfactory combination of those models is obtained after the structure training. It results on plant s global identification. A controller is projected for each local model. The global control is obtained by mixing local controllers signals. This is done by the modified ANFIS. The modification on ANFIS architecture allows the two neurofuzzy structures knowledge sharing. So the same metric obtained to combine models can be used to combine controllers. Two cases study are used to validate the new ANFIS structure. The knowledge sharing is evaluated in the second case study. It shows that just one modified ANFIS structure is necessary to combine linear models to identify, a nonlinear plant, and combine linear controllers to control this plant. The proposed method allows the usage of any identification and control techniques for local models and local controllers obtaining. It also reduces the complexity of ANFIS usage for identification and control. This work has prioritized simpler techniques for the identification and control systems to simplify the use of the method

Depósitos de calda obtidos com a aplicação aérea de defensivos na cultura da banana

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Intensidade do mal das folhas em plantas jovens e adultas de seis clones de seringueira na região do Vale do Ribeira: South American leaf blight intensity evaluated in six clones of young and adult rubber trees in the Vale do Ribeira region, São Paulo state, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Clones promissores de seringueira para a região do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo

Este trabalho objetivou apresentar resultados da primeira seleção de clones de seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.Arg.) da série IAC 300, e amazônicos das séries IAN e Fx, em experimento de pequena escala, visando produção, crescimento e resistência ao mal-das-folhas. A produção e o vigor de 20 clones foram avaliados por dois e nove anos, respectivamente, em PariqüeraAçú, no Vale do Ribeira, SP. Os clones IAC 301, IAC 304, IAC 306 e IAC 319 produziram satisfatoriamente nos dois primeiros anos de sangria. Os clones amazônicos IAN 6323, Fx 3864 e IAN 2903, com produções de 1.078 kg, 945 kg e 900 kg/ha/ano, respectivamente, foram superiores à testemunha IAN 873 (878 kg/ha/ano). Os clones selecionados apresentaram crescimento vigoroso, com extremos de perímetro do caule, na abertura do painel, de 37,40 cm (IAN 4493) a 53,75 cm (IAN 6323), e percentual de plantas aptas à sangria de 7,0% (IAN 4493) a 100% (IAN 6323 e IAC 302), exceto os clones Fx 3899 e IAN 3044. O IAC 315, com 7,37 mm, mostrou maior espessura de casca virgem que o IAN 873 (6,44 mm). Os clones IAC 320, IAC 306 e IAC 315 foram os mais resistentes ao Microcyclus ulei.

Parcelamento e largura da faixa de aplicação da uréia na recuperação do nitrogênio pela planta de milho

Com o objetivo de estudar o parcelamento e a largura da faixa de aplicação como meios para aumentar a recuperação pelo milho do nitrogênio da uréia aplicada em superfície, foi conduzido no ano agrícola 93/94, em um Latossolo Vermelho Escuro, em condições de campo, um experimento delineado em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. Sete tratamentos foram utilizados: testemunha (sem N em cobertura); aplicação de N parcelada (50 kg ha-1 de N aos 38 dias após semeadura - d.a.s e 50 kg ha-1 de N aos 60 d.a.s.) para faixas de 10, 20 e 40 cm; aplicação de N (100 kg ha-1 de N aos 38 d.a.s.) para faixas de 10 e 40 cm e, aplicação de N parcelada (50 kg de N/ha aos 38 d.a.s. e 50 kg ha-1 de N aos 60 d.a.s.) para faixa de 20 cm de largura, neste caso, uréia granulada. A aplicação de uréia parcelada em cobertura, em faixas de 10, 20 e 40 cm de largura, não afetaram a massa de matéria seca, o conteúdo, a quantidade e a recuperação do N pela planta de milho. A recuperação de N pela planta de milho foi maior para a aplicação de 220 kg ha-1 de uréia em uma única aplicação em faixas de 10cm de largura em relação a de 40 cm. O parcelamento da uréia aumentou os valores de massa seca, conteúdo, quantidade e recuperação do N na planta de milho em relação a aplicação em uma única vez.

O mercado imobiliário e a reinvenção da Ribeira, Natal - RN: verticalizar para renovar?

The real estate dynamic originates new spatial forms, which can determine new uses and new places. We tried to analyze this work, the spatial transformations in the Ribeira district, Natal / RN, due to the advancement of the housing market that is gradually transforming the landscape with the introduction of new types of housing, especially by verticalization. The verticalization of the neighborhood occurs almost at once, changing the local landscape. Notwithstanding this process, given the rapid growth of Natal in the last two decades and the strategic location of the neighborhood, it is pertinent to note that, if not the process of vertical integration, perhaps the neighborhood had been at the mercy of other urban interventions and other approach the real estate market. The research used as instruments interviews with actors who work in the property market in the town and representatives of organizations that have implemented major legislation in the area, the Instituto de Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) and the Secretaria de Meio Ambiente e Urbanismo (SEMURB) as well as photographs on the area, in order to verify this new configuration that has been consolidated in the district. To support the theoretical discussion, there was a documentary and bibliographical research. In this way, the object of study of this search sees the uniqueness of urban renewal in the district of Ribeira and its relationship with the historic preservation laws and incentives for residential occupation in the neighborhood, especially regarding the vertical building

Um sonho distante: reflexões sobre acessibilidade nos conjuntos habitacionais do pmcmv faixa 1 na região metropolitana de Natal

This dissertation seeks to reflect on the accessibility of the governmental program Minha Casa Minha Vida, track 1, which comprehends people who made 0 to 3 minimum wages within the metropolitan region of Natal RN between the years of 2009 and 2012. The research covers the municipalities benefited by the program: Ceará-Mirim, Extremoz, Macaíba, Monte Alegre, Natal, Nísia Floresta, Parnamirim and São Gonçalo do Amarante. We have investigated the extensions of PMCMV on the context of the access to the city, debating some concepts attached to the capitalist mode of production such as residential segregation and peripherization. We have aimed to identify the accessibility conditions in the new housing complexes from three primal categories, namely, the localization of the complexes, the disponibility of public equipments, services, leisure and cultural properties on the neighborhood and the offer of public transport. Our theorical references are based on the ideas of the british geographer David Harvey on his work Social Justice and the City , from 1980. Harvey s studies made us debate on the locational choice for the social-matter habitation, and also let us discuss the price to accessibility on these new programs and its implications on the income of those who are benefited by them, specially because this is about a low-income population. To the achievement of these objectives, we made use of case study, including desk research, photographic documentation, records of field observations and informal conversations with locals, composing a qualitative study. In light of what has been researched and considering the guiding research questions, we reflect on aspects of the program that can greatly influence the processes of residential segregation and housing periphery of the lowincome population from the precarious conditions of accessibility to the referred population

O Bairro da Ribeira como um palimpsesto: dinâmicas urbanas na Cidade de Natal (1920-1960)

As cidades são textos. Textos escritos pelas sociedades que compõe os espaços. A partir dessa perspectiva, propõe-se aqui uma leitura do bairro da Ribeira Natal/RN. Esse espaço se consolidou no início do século XX como centro comercial e cultural da capital potiguar, lugar de ação e de interação da Zona Central desta sociedade, espaço de inscrição dos signos da modernidade e do progresso então em voga. Contudo, com o decurso do tempo e as transformações por ele exigidas, o panorama da Cidade de Natal sofreu intensas modificações e o bairro da Ribeira foi relegado à margem desse processo, o que culminou na desvalorização, segregação e, posteriormente, na degradação do seu espaço, que se tornou um palimpsesto. Ao abordar a dinâmica urbana que se processou no bairro da Ribeira, esta pesquisa dividiu o fenômeno em três fases distintas: valorização, transição e decadência

Estudo geoquímico e geocronológico Rb-Sr e Sm-Nd em zonas de cisalhamento mineralizadas em ouro e suas relações com as rochas encaixantes e geocronológico Sm-Nd em mineralizações de scheelita na faixa Seridó

Great part of the gold mineralizations are associated with shearing zones through which circulate a great volume of fluids, that interact with the host rocks, originating leaching or precipitation of chemical elements, including gold. The studied mineralizations are inserted in the Seridó Belt. The tungsten mineralization in Brejuí Mine is hosted in calcsilicate rocks from Jucurutu Formation. The São Francisco auriferous mineralization has as host rocks mica-schists from Seridó Formation, while the Ponta da Serra and Fazenda Simpático mineralizations are hosted in orthogneisses of this fold belt basement. The research conducted on these mineralizations had the purpose of integrate the data of chemical elements behavior during the shearing/mineralizing event, and its influence on the isotopic systems Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd. The studies of chemical mobility in the auriferous mineralizations showed that elements that during the shearing displayed in general an immobile behavior were Al, Ti and Zr. Among the elements that were mobilized during the event, K and Rb showed mass gain in ali belts of transformed rocks, while the elements Ca, Na and Sr normally lost mass. Petrographic studies showed that the minerais biotite and plagioclase, in all investigated mineralizations, played an important role in the chemical reactions occurred in the transformed rocks to the generation of muscovite, cordierite and sillimanite, justifying the input of K to the formation of muscovite, and the release of Na and Ca from plagioclase to the fluid phase. In the São Francisco auriferous mineralization, the results of the Rb-Sr isotopic analysis yielded ages of 645 ± 19 Ma and 596 ± 17 Ma, with both samples, from original and transformed rocks. Two ages, 569 ± 20 Ma. and 554 ± 19 Ma., were obtained with samples frem the transformed rocks domain. These ages suggest that there were two metamorphic pulses during the emplacement of the mineralized shearing zone. The Sm-Nd data yielded TDM ages of 1,31 Ga and 1,26 Ga with 3Nd (0,6 Ga) of -0,26 e -0,40 for the original and final transformed rocks, respectively. In case of the orthogneisses of Caicó Complex, e.g. the Ponta da Serra and Fazenda Simpático mineralizations, the Rb-Sr data did not yield ages with geological significance. In the Ponta da Serra mineralization, the Sm-Nd isotopic data yielded T DM ages of 2,56 Ga and 2,63 Ga to the original rocks and of 2,71 Ga to the mineralized sheared rock, and values of 3Nd (2,0 Ga) between -3,70 e -5,42 to the original and sheared rock, respectively. In the Fazenda Simpático, Sm-Nd data yielded TDM between 2,65 and 2,69 Ga with values of 3Nd (2,0 Ga) between -5,25 e -5,52. Considering the Sm-Nd data, the TDM ages may be admitted as the age of the parental magma extraction, producer of the protoliths of the orthogneisses from Ponta da Serra and Fazenda Simpático mineralizations. The chemical mobility studies showed that in the basement hosted mineralizations, Rb achieved mass while Sr lost mass, as Sm as well as Nd were strongly mobilized. The Sm/Nd ratio remained constant, however, confirming the isochemical character of those elements. In the basement mineralizations, Rb-Sr ages are destituted of geological significance, because of the partial opening of the isotopic system during the tectono-metamorphic transformations. In the tungsten mineralization, the diagram Sm-Nd constructed with the whole-rock data of calcsilicatic and the high-temperature paragenesis (garnet, diopside and iron-pargasitic hornblende) indicated an 631 ± 24 Ma age, while with the whole-rock data and low-temperature paragenesis (vesuvianite, epidote and calcite), a 537 ± 107 Ma age was obtained. These ages, associated with the petrographic observations, suggest that there was a time gap among the hydrothernal events responsible by the formation of the high and low temperature paragenesis in the calcsilicatic rocks mineralized in scheelite

Petrologia do plúton Serra da Macambira, neoproterozóico da faixa seridó, província Borborema (NE do Brasil)

The final stage of Brasiliano/Pan-African orogeny in the Borborema Province is marked by widespread plutonic magmatism. The Serra da Macambira Pluton is an example of such plutonism in Seridó Belt, northeastern Borborema Province, and it is here subject of geological, petrographic, textural, geochemical and petrogenetic studies. The pluton is located in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, intrusive into Paleoproterozoic orthogneisses of the Caicó Complex and Neoproterozoic metassupracrustal rocks of the Seridó Group. Based upon intrusion/inclusion field relationships, mineralogy and texture, the rocks are classified as follows: intermediate enclaves (quartz-bearing monzonite and biotite-bearing tonalite), porphyritic monzogranite, equigranular syenogranite to monzogranite, and late granite and pegmatite dykes. Porphyritic granites and quartz-bearing monzonites represent mingling formed by the injection of an intermediate magma into a granitic one, which had already started crystallization. Both rocks are slightly older than the equigranular granites. Quartz-bearing monzonite has K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende and few quartz, meanwhile biotite-bearing tonalite are rich in quartz, poor in K-feldspar and hornblende is absent. Porphyritic and equigranular granites display mainly biotite and rare hornblende, myrmekite and pertitic textures, and zoned plagioclase pointing out to the relevance of fractional crystallization during magma evolution. Such granites have Rare Earth Elements (REE) pattern with negative Eu anomaly and light REE enrichment when compared to heavy REE. They are slight metaluminous to slight peraluminous, following a high-K calc-alkaline path. Petrogenesis started with 27,5% partial melting of Paleoproterozoic continental crust, generating an acid hydrous liquid, leaving a granulitic residue with orthopyroxene, plagioclase (An40-50), K-feldspar, quartz, epidote, magnetite, ilmenite, apatite and zircon. The liquid evolved mainly by fractional crystallization (10-25%) of plagioclase (An20), biotite and hornblende during the first stages of magmatic evolution. Granitic dykes are hololeucocratic with granophyric texture, indicating hypabissal crystallization and REE patterns similar to A-Type granites. Preserved igneous textures, absence or weak imprint of ductile tectonics, association with mafic to intermediate enclaves and alignment of samples according to monzonitic (high-K calcalkaline) series all indicate post-collisional to post-orogenic complexes as described in the literature. Such interpretation is supported by trace element discrimination diagrams that place the Serra da Macambira pluton as late-orogenic, probably reflecting the vanishing stages of the exhumation and collapse of the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogen.

Refração por retinoscopia com luz em faixa em cães

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)