1000 resultados para Enwald, Liisa: Kaiken liikkeessä lepo


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Teksti perustuu 27.4.2013 Jyväskylän yliopistossa järjestetyn väitöstilaisuuden lectio precursioria -esitelmään.

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Tämä tutkimus tarkastelee 1970-luvulla äänekkäimmillään ollutta radikalistista äärivasemmistolaista liikettä, jota kutsutaan taistolaisuudeksi. Tšekkoslovakian miehitykseen ja Neuvostoliiton ulkopolitiikkaan suhtautuminen jakoi 1960-luvun lopussa Suomen kommunistisen puolueen jakoon enemmistöläisiin ja johtohahmoltaan Taisto Sinisalolta taistolais-nimen saaneisiin vähemmistöläisiin. Tutkimuksessa keskitytään erityisesti taistolaiseen nuorisoliikkeeseen, nuortaistolaisuuteen, johon 1970-luvun alkupuolella liittyi paljon opiskelijoita ja kulttuuriväkeä. Tutkin taistolaista liikettä viiden liikkeessä toimineen naisen haastattelujen kautta. Tutkimuksen pääteemana on taistolaisuuden muistaminen ja sen pohtiminen, kuinka nuoruudesta liikkeessä puhutaan ja mitä siitä halutaan tai voidaan muistaa. Koska kaikki haastateltavani ovat naisia, nousee tutkimuksessa esiin myös naisnäkökulma miehiseltä vaikuttavaan liikkeeseen. Nuoruutta taistolaisessa liikkeessä muistellaan pääosin lämpimästi ja hyvillä mielin. Liikkeeseen mentiin mukaan, koska maailmaan haluttiin muutosta ja kylmän sodan ilmapiiri, sodat sekä kolmannen maailman ongelmat vaativat tekemään jotakin. Tiedostavan nuorison virta liikkeeseen oli vahva, mutta juuri taistolaiseen liikkeeseen päätyminen nähdään kuitenkin jonkinasteisena valintana: porvaria ei kenestäkään haastateltavastani olisi saanut mitenkään. Itse liikkeessä toimimisesta muistetaan teoreettisten opintopiirien, agitaatio- ja järjestötyön lisäksi hauskanpitoa ja porukassa yhdessäoloa. Hyvällä muistetaan tunnetta siitä että joukossa on voimaa ja maailmaa voidaan todella muuttaa paremmaksi. Sen sijaan katumusta tunnetaan ja huonoja muistoja nähdään taistolaisuuden mustavalkoisessa ajattelutavassa ja jyrkkyydessä. Taistolaisuuden muistamiseen ja siitä puhumiseen liittyy vahvasti myös julkinen keskustelu. Harvaa lähihistorian ilmiötä on demonisoitu niin vahvasti kuin taistolaisuutta, jota syytetään monesta, kuten vallankumouksen suunnittelusta, maanpetturuudesta ja takinkäännöstä. Toisaalta keskustelussa ja tutkimuksessa on ollut esillä myös hauskanpidon taistolaisuus, jossa liikettä muistellaan nimenomaan maailmanparantamisen kautta. Taistolaispuheeseen vaikuttaa siis monet eri ulottuvuudet ja tasot, 1960-luvun hippiliikkeestä nykyajan jälkiviisauteen.

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The role of GABA in the central processing of complex auditory signals is not fully understood. We have studied the involvement of GABA(A)-mediated inhibition in the processing of birdsong, a learned vocal communication signal requiring intact hearing for its development and maintenance. We focused on caudomedial nidopallium (NCM), an area analogous to parts of the mammalian auditory cortex with selective responses to birdsong. We present evidence that GABA(A)-mediated inhibition plays a pronounced role in NCM`s auditory processing of birdsong. Using immunocytochemistry, we show that approximately half of NCM`s neurons are GABAergic. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings in a slice preparation demonstrate that, at rest, spontaneously active GABAergic synapses inhibit excitatory inputs onto NCM neurons via GABA(A) receptors. Multi-electrode electrophysiological recordings in awake birds show that local blockade of GABA(A)-mediated inhibition in NCM markedly affects the temporal pattern of song-evoked responses in NCM without modifications in frequency tuning. Surprisingly, this blockade increases the phasic and largely suppresses the tonic response component, reflecting dynamic relationships of inhibitory networks that could include disinhibition. Thus processing of learned natural communication sounds in songbirds, and possibly other vocal learners, may depend on complex interactions of inhibitory networks.

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The subject of this bachelor's thesis has its origins in the frequently asked question of an author; whether any of their own theatrical techniques correlate with those of any well-known theatrical personality. The aim of this bachelor's thesis, consequently, was to find out the true nature of the author as an actor and theatrical professional. The author started to put together a puzzle, from different fields of acting techniques, and came up with a solid picture. Different acting techniques and the basics of them were clarified and tested in practice. Techniques were reflected on, through great personalities in the field of theatre, via discussion. The selected personalities were Jouko Turkka, Antonin Artaud, Konstantin Stanislavski, Kaisa Korhonen and Bertolt Brecht. The toughness and physicality of acting played a strong role in this thesis. "Black pedagogy" was strongly criticized. The methods of Jouko Turkka were thoroughly investigated and, surprisingly to the author, turned out usable, although the author questioned the brutal ways that Turkka used them. The author carried out some of the physical exercises that corresponded to the different acting methods, and did "human tests" to understand the true meaning of the methods. Antonin Artaud abandoned all of his past life and sacrificed himself to art, which the author refuses to even consider it. The author found a soul-mate in Kaisa Korhonen and agreed with most of her methods. Many people who had worked with Kaisa Korhonen were interviewed to find out if she actually used the techniques. The author debated objectivity with Bertolt Brecht but, whereas Brecht saw it as the basis of everything, the author couldn't even consider it a usable technique. The author also had a discussion with Konstantin Stanislavski concerning the basics of acting, the study of singing, dancing and oral expression, and other beneficial skills. In the end, the author put herself on a plate, chopped herself into tiny pieces, started to study the pieces, and found out how she became as she is.

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In my thesis I discuss the elements of my professional identity from the perspective of an actor, a director and a team. What are acting and directing to me? What are the problems in the symbiosis of acting and directing? What are the difficulties in acting and directing and how important are the issues related to responsibility, power, trust and confidence in my work? I also discuss the consept of self-confidence. Behind all of this, there is also the thought of my ancestry and its dualism, how my roots from my father's and mother's side are struggling against each other or supporting each other, and how they affect my professional identity. The basic idea in the present thesis is the perspective of the traditional theatre and a professional team. Also the childhood influence on my professional identity is being considered. Education is discussed at the end. Moreover, a discussion on the kind of future theatre maker I want to be considered as, is included. I also try to handle all these topics through Harri Virtanen's Kiinteistövälittäjä vastoin tahtoaan (2005), which I directed, and my latest role in Arto Paasilinna's and Kristian Smeds' Jäniksen vuosi (2006). The conclusion of the present thesis is that it is very important for me to be a member of different communities, in which I can express my professional identity. My professional identity is formed by many elements that support each other. Such elements in their own right form an inticate relationship, which at the end, makes me what I am. In conclusion, I am a theatre maker, who in an alternative field of theater has opportunities to form the professional identity, as different situations and projects require.