Engineer estimate (5 ½ pages, handwritten) in the marsh lands drainage presented to the Chamber and Councilors of the County of Welland in council assembled

Engineer estimate (5 ½ pages, handwritten) in the marsh lands drainage presented to the Chamber and Councilors of the County of Welland in council assembled. This report is signed by S.D. Woodruff, June 20, 1857.

Engineer force employed in the surveying ditch in marsh lands to the 23rd of February inclusive

Engineer force employed in the surveying ditch in marsh lands to the 23rd of February inclusive. This is signed by S.D. Woodruff, March 8, 1855.

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage to the 28th of April inclusive to Frederick Holmes, Louis Clement and Thomas Baird

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage to the 28th of April inclusive to Frederick Holmes, Louis Clement and Thomas Baird. Signed by S.D. Woodruff, April 28, 1855.

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage to the 29th day of August inclusive to Frederick Holmes, Thomas Baird and Thomas Gilleland

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage to the 29th day of August inclusive to Frederick Holmes, Thomas Baird and Thomas Gilleland. Signed by S.D. Woodruff, Aug. 31, 1855.

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage to the 29th day of August inclusive to Frederick Holmes, Thomas Baird and Thomas Gilleland, signed by S.W. Woodruff

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage to the 29th day of August inclusive to Frederick Holmes, Thomas Baird and Thomas Gilleland, signed by S.W. Woodruff. This copy contains a note to Fred Holmes from S.D. Woodruff, Sept. 11, 1855.

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage for the months of December, 1855 and January, February and March of 1856.

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage for the months of December, 1855 and January, February and March of 1856. Signed by S.D. Woodruff, March 31, 1856.

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage for the months of December, 1855 and January, February and March of 1856 to Frederick Holmes and Joseph Simpson

Engineer services in the marsh lands drainage for the months of December, 1855 and January, February and March of 1856 to Frederick Holmes and Joseph Simpson. Signed by S.D. Woodruff, April 1, 1856.

Engineer services in marsh lands drainage for the months of April, May and June, 1856 to Fred Holmes, Joseph Simpson and Thomas Baird

Engineer services in marsh lands drainage for the months of April, May and June, 1856 to Fred Holmes, Joseph Simpson and Thomas Baird. Signed by S.D. Woodruff, June 30, 1856.

Engineer services in marsh lands drainage for the months of July, August and September, 1856 to Fred Holmes, Joseph Simpson, Thomas Baird and Rose Osborne

Engineer services in marsh lands drainage for the months of July, August and September, 1856 to Fred Holmes, Joseph Simpson, Thomas Baird and Rose Osborne. This is signed by S.D. Woodruff, Oct. 1, 1856.

Letter to Samuel Keefer, engineer on the Welland Canal from Charles H. French

Letter to Samuel Keefer, engineer on the Welland Canal from Charles H. French. He says that he has no extra bills for work on his contract, Sept. 12, 1848.

Receipt from McLaren and Co., St. Catharines for pants

Receipt from McLaren and Co., St. Catharines for pants, Dec. 23, 1887.

Achieving satisfactory contractual terms for the engineer's role

An international survey of clients, consultants and contractors produced wide-ranging data on the views of users of the FIDIC form of contract. The purpose of the survey was to elicit views on a range of issues, prior to revising the model form, to ensure that the contract drafters produce a form that is satisfactory for its users. Those questions that focus upon the role of the engineer have been subjected to detailed statistical analysis. The analysis shows that, contrary to popular belief, the views of contract users from common law jurisdictions do not differ from those in civil code jurisdictions. The engineer’s role is not generally perceived as neutral in the contractual relationships between clients and contractors. Contractors would prefer someone other than the engineer to be the first-line settler of disputes in contracts.

Environmental assessment and the built environment : a highway engineer's perspective

This paper is an engineer's appreciation of environmental assessment with particular reference to highway development. While scheme-related Environmental Assessment for individual development may identify particular potential impacts, and may avoid or minimise some of the problems, in many cases it may be too late to take such actions. Ideally, Environmental Assessment should commence at the Strategic Level to cover policies, plan and programmes, and the scheme-related Environmental Assessments for individual projects should supplement those in the framework of Strategic Level. The utimate target is to assess the policy for their contribution to effecting sustainable development. Whole Life Environmental Impacts should be considered. These are the full impact consideration from planning, design and choice of materials, construction, operation and finally decommission. Most of the Environmental Assessments have not included the Whole Life Environmental Impacts. There is only limited monitoring in the operation stage after the construction of the scheme is complete, therefore, subsequent Environmental Assessments cannot benefit from the feedback of the scheme. No development should cost the Earth, hence Environmental Assessments have to be carried out thoroughly to serve as one of the instruments to meet the need of sustainable development.