Too cool for homeschool? Accessing underground unschoolers with Web 2.0

There is a new type of home education parent challenging long-held assumptions about homeschooling (cf. Morton 2012). These parents are well educated (cf. Beck 2010) but have chosen to eschew the social and cultural capital (Bourdieu & Wacquant 1992) of school in favour of some- thing completely different. They are unschoolers, which involves ‘allow- ing children as much freedom to learn in the world as their parents can possibly bear’ (cf. Holt & Farenga 2003: 238). This chapter presents the approach taken by one researcher to explore the reasons families choose unschooling. These families can be difficult to access, because they often fail to register with home education units and thus remain outside the education system (cf. Townsend 2012). Their lack of registration makes them largely invisible, affecting their ability to make an important contribution to debates around education. In spite of this invisibility, many unschoolers are keen to talk to researchers to increase wider understanding of unschooling.

The puzzle of falling enrolments in physics and chemistry courses: Putting some pieces together

This paper reports and discusses the principal findings of an Australian study exploring the decisions of high achieving Year 10 students about taking physics and chemistry courses (Lyons, 2003). The study used a ‘multiple worlds’ framework to explore the diverse background characteristics that previous quantitative research had shown were implicated in these decisions. Based on analyses of questionnaire and interview data, the study found that the students’ decisions involved the complex negotiation of a number of cultural characteristics within their school science and family worlds. Many of the students regarded junior high school science as irrelevant, uninteresting and difficult, leaving them with few intrinsic reasons for enrolling in senior science courses. The study found that decisions about taking physical science courses were associated with the resources of cultural and social capital within their families, and the degree to which these resources were congruent with the advantages of choosing these courses. The paper concludes that the low intrinsic value of school science and the erosion of its strategic value contribute to the reluctance of students to choose physical science courses in the senior school.

Choosing physical science courses: The importance of cultural and social capital in the enrolment decisions of high achieving students

This paper reports and discusses findings from a recent study which explored the science enrolment decisions of high achieving, or ‘science proficient’ secondary level students in Australia (Lyons 2003). The research was prompted by the increasing reluctance of such students to enrol in postcompulsory science courses, particularly in physics and chemistry. The study investigated the influences on students’ deliberations about taking a range of science courses. However, this report confines itself to decisions about enrolling in the physical sciences. The paper summarises the students’ experiences and conceptions of school science, as well as the characteristics of their ‘family worlds’ found to be influential in their decisions1. The paper discusses the important roles of cultural and social capital in these decisions, and concludes that enrolment in physical science courses was associated with congruence between the students’ conceptions of school science, and characteristics of their family backgrounds.

Politização nas escolas : o quanto os jovens compreendem essa demanda

Com base em três diferentes experiências práticas de educação política realizadas em escolas de São Paulo, o texto tem como objetivo compreender a visão dos jovens sobre esse tema. Estamos preparando nossa juventude para o exercício da democracia? Existe, por parte deles, interesse por essa temática? O texto mostra que as respostas variam de acordo com o grau de maturidade do público alvo, ou seja, existe uma possibilidade maior de o processo de politização nas escolas ser mais bem sucedido nas séries mais avançadas do Ensino Médio.

Financiamento e participação democrática na educação: a relação entre o Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola e o Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação

O Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola (PDDE) e o Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação (PDE) repercutiram diretamente nas ações cotidianas das escolas através da reivindicação da participação da comunidade escolar nos processos de aplicação financeira. Esta pesquisa definiu como problema: Até que ponto a participação democrática é estimulada por meio das ações do PDDE e do PDE e de que formas essas propostas se relacionam?. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as ações do PDDE e do PDE ligadas ao financiamento e à participação democrática no interior de uma escola pública, suas contradições e seus impactos na gestão escolar, através da realização de uma pesquisa qualitativa caracterizada como um estudo de caso. O PDDE foi implementado com vistas à descentralização da aplicação financeira nas escolas. O seu objetivo principal é agilizar a assistência financeira da Autarquia FNDE aos sistemas públicos de ensino. O PDE iniciou em 2007, inclui metas de qualidade para a educação básica. O plano prevê acompanhamento e assessoria aos municípios com baixos indicadores de ensino. Em sua versão Escola, o PDE tem por objetivo fortalecer a autonomia da gestão escolar a partir de um diagnóstico dos desafios de cada escola e da definição de um plano para a melhoria dos resultados, com foco na aprendizagem. Conhecer os mecanismos operacionais dessas duas propostas em um contexto escolar trouxe possibilidades de desvelar ações que merecem ser analisadas pelos que se interessam pelos processos de financiamento da educação. Foi selecionada uma escola da rede estadual do Rio de Janeiro. O Instituto de Educação Carmela Dutra é um estabelecimento de ensino de educação básica, que atende turmas de Ensino Médio. Foram realizadas observações em campo. Foram aplicados questionários aos diversos segmentos escolares e foi efetivada uma entrevista com o diretor, interrogando sobre a as repercussões que essas verbas trouxeram para a autonomia da escola, sobre os processos de gestão e participação na escola. Pôde-se depreender que nesta realidade escolar, os sujeitos participam da elaboração e execução de alguns processos pedagógicos, porém no que se refere à aplicação financeira, as decisões ficam aos encargos da gestão do Instituto. Os níveis de conhecimento acerca do PDDE e do PDE por parte da comunidade escolar e o planejamento/execução desses programas ainda mostram-se restritos aos setores administrativos. As falas mostram diferenças focais entre o proclamado e o vivido. A necessidade de democratização das relações sociais dentro dos espaços escolares se revela fundamental aos estudos sobre gestão.

Monitoring report: sand dune reconstruction and restoration, at the Moss Landing Marine Laboratories

The Plan for Sand Dune Reconstruction and Restoration (and Biological Assessment) at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories (ABA Consultants, April 1, 1992) described reconstruction of dune contours and biological restoration with native dune plants to be carried out over the 8 acre site formerly occupied by the marine labs (prior to the Loma Prieta earthquake of October 1989). The plan called for annual reports in letter form which would present data on plant abundance, a short narrative description of changes on the site, progress towards recovery of the plant community, and assessment of progress based on restoration goals and further steps to be taken. This monitoring report [dated April 25, 1994] addresses those points and also contains a summary of other activities integral in dune restoration -- education, public participation, school and conservation organization field trips, as well as the associated activities of restoration, plant collecting, propagation, and weed control.

A criança, a família e a escola: uma relação a construir

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

Learning to be literate : parental empowerment in early literacy interventions

Considerable research has focused on the success of early intervention programs for children. However, minimal research has focused on the effect these programs have on the parents of targeted children. Many current early intervention programs champion family-focused and inclusive programming, but few have evaluated parent participation in early interventions and fewer still have evaluated the impact of these programs on beliefs and attitudes and parenting practices. Since parents will continue to play a key role in their child's developmental course long after early intervention programs end, it is vital to examine whether these programs empower parents to take action to make changes in the lives of their children. The goal of this study was to understand parental influences on the early development of literacy, and in particular how parental attitudes, beliefs and self efficacy impact parent and child engagement in early literacy intervention activities. A mixed method procedure using quantitative and qualitative strategies was employed. A quasi-experimental research design was used. The research sample, sixty parents who were part of naturally occurring community interventions in at- risk neighbourhoods in a south-western Ontario city participated in the quantitative phase. Largely individuals whose home language was other than English, these participants were divided amongst three early literacy intervention groups, a Prescriptive Interventionist type group, a Participatory Empowering type group and a drop-in parent- child neighbourhood Control group. Measures completed pre and post a six session literacy intervention, on all three literacy and evidence of change in parental empowerment. Parents in all three groups, on average, held beliefs about early literacy that were positive and that were compatible with current approaches to language development and emergent literacy. No significant change in early literacy beliefs and attitudes for pre to post intervention was found. Similarly, there was no significant difference between groups on empowerment scores, but there was a significant change post intervention in one group's empowerment score. There was a drop in the empowerment score for the Prescriptive Interventionist type group, suggesting a drop in empowerment level. The qualitative aspect of this study involved six in-depth interviews completed with a sub-set of the sixty research participants. Four similar themes emerged across the groups: learning takes place across time and place; participation is key; success is achieved by taking small steps; and learning occurs in multiple ways. The research findings have important implications for practitioners and policy makers who target at risk populations with early intervention programming and wish to sustain parental empowerment. Study results show the value parents place on early learning and point to the importance of including parents in the development and delivery of early intervention programs. groups, were analyzed for evidence of change in parental attitudes and beliefs about early literacy and evidence of change in parental empowerment. Parents in all three groups, on average, held beliefs about early literacy that were positive and that were compatible with current approaches to language development and emergent literacy. No significant change in early literacy beliefs and attitudes for pre to post intervention was found. Similarly, there was no significant difference between groups on empowerment scores, but there was a significant change post intervention in one group's empowerment score. There was a drop in the empowerment score for the Prescriptive Interventionist type group, suggesting a drop in empowerment level. The qualitative aspect of this study involved six in-depth interviews completed with a sub-set of the sixty research participants. Four similar themes emerged across the groups: learning takes place across time and place; participation is key; success is achieved by taking small steps; and learning occurs in multiple ways. The research findings have important implications for practitioners and policy makers who target at risk populations with early intervention programming and wish to sustain parental empowerment. Study results show the value parents place on early learning and point to the importance of including parents in the development and delivery of early intervention programs.

Análisis de las violaciones de los derechos humanos fundamentales en el caso de las ejecuciones extrajudiciales de Soacha (2008 - 2010), a partir de la discusión sobre los derechos humanos

Este trabajo pretende hacer un análisis inicial sobre la situación de Derechos Humanos en Colombia a través de los llamados falsos positivos de Soacha, caso que ha tenido una gran repercusión social, política y cultural en el país. El análisis de este caso se aborda desde dos ejes de discusión principales como son la Educación en Derechos Humanos y la participación de actores no estatales en los hechos.A partir de ello se revelan algunas consecuencias políticas para el gobierno colombiano.

Magnitud de la discapacidad en Colombia: una aproximación a sus determinantes

En las últimas tres décadas han sido formuladas distintas metodologías de estimación de las condiciones de salud en el mundo, en términos de conocer la carga global y particular de la morbilidad y la discapacidad, y de estimar la eficacia de las intervenciones en el ámbito de la salud pública. En Colombia, el avance más significativo en relación con la discapacidad es el Registro para la Localización y Caracterización de Personas con Discapacidad, elaborado por el DANE1 en 2003. La presente investigación usó los datos del Registro, analizó los factores contextuales ambientales, personales y sociales de la CIF2 con el propósito de identificar las relaciones determinantes de la discapacidad. El análisis secundario proviene de los datos de 86.622 registros (DANE3, 2005-2006), de las 20 localidades del Distrito Capital de Bogotá. Las variables fueron seleccionadas por conveniencia, obedeciendo a referentes empíricos de los factores determinantes de la CIF2 que se relacionan con los módulos del Registro sobre localización y vivienda, identificación personal, caracterización y origen de la discapacidad, salud, educación y participación. Se obtuvieron las distribuciones de frecuencia en valores absolutos y porcentuales para cada una de las variables. El análisis global por grupos de factores, personales y ambientales, sugiere un mayor peso de los segundos en la generación y exacerbación de la discapacidad, en la medida en que responden a determinantes relacionadas con modos y condiciones de vida asociados a los servicios, sistemas y políticas.

Projecte educatiu de ciutat de Girona

El treball que es presenta a continuació és una descripció del procés que ha seguit el Projecte Educatiu de Ciutat de Girona per elaborar-ne el propi disseny. Es defineix el PEC com a eina participativa de planificació municipal per a la concreció de les línies prioritàries de l’educació d’un territori i com a tal ha comptat d’un procés marcat principalment per la implicació ciutadana. Aquest procés ha tingut una durada de 17 mesos però en el present treball es desenvolupen, específicament, els últims mesos on hi ha hagut una participació més directe i vinculant

The role of the print media in informing the community about safety in public hospitals in Victoria, Australia: the case of `golden staph`

Objective. In this article the authors explore how the print media contribute to information and education of the community on issues of safety and quality in the health services, since this is an important avenue of such information and education for many members of the community. Study design. The authors undertook a qualitative study of a random sample of articles in the Australian print press between 1996 and 2004 where ‘golden staph’ was presented as a major issue of risk to the safety of consumers of health services. The content of each article was examined with reference to several criteria including title, the source of the article, and the metaphorical language employed by the journalist.
Results. Results show that while the articles are substantially accurate as sources of information on concrete events, they do not serve as sources of education on issues of safety, typically apportioning blame and serving to maintain the status quo.
Conclusion. The authors conclude that print media are not a good source of community education in areas of safety and quality and do not assist members of the community to participate in addressing issues of safety in health services.

A conceptual framework for assessing interaction quality in online discussion forums

The use of discussion forums in education has long been a hot topic in tertiary education. Discussion forums’ activities help learners to share and gain knowledge from each other. However, setting up discussion forums does not ensure that learners interact with each other actively and grading of discussion forum participation is done to ensure qualitative learner participation. Currently, a major focus has been put onto the better use of discussion forums, but the way in which quality of participation can be evaluated has yet to be adequately investigated. This paper presents a conceptual model, based on an extensive review of current literature in related areas, as a way forward in looking at the assessment of quality in online discussion forums. The main benefits of the proposed framework are towards facilitators, as a way to assess learners’ online contributions, while students may use it to understand what is expected of them as participants in online discussion forums

How can we help? The contribution of university libraries to student retention

The article discusses the Australian government's Higher Education Participation and Partnerships Program. The program aims to encourage greater participation of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds in higher education. The article identifies potential means by which a library may contribute to student retention and outlines one library's approach to investigating its contribution.