802 resultados para Ciclo de vida ágil


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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

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Este estudo analisa o periódico Educação Física - Revista de Esporte e Saúde, objetivando levantar algumas questões sobre a produção de conhecimento e a organização profissional do campo Educação Física no Brasil. Como metodologia de trabalho utilizou-se a análise do discurso tendo como fonte primária o próprio periódico. Gerada em séculos anteriores por ginastas, desportistas, educadores, filósofos, militares, médicos, entre outros, a educação física está pronta para dar os seus primeiros passos no século XX

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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

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Naturally characterizes the human being the interference in the environment to ensure their survival and also convenience. After numerous environmental accidents caused by unbridled pursuit of this goal, the concern about providing for current needs without compromising the ability of the future generations to supply their own, gained space. In order to contribute to sustainable development the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was implemented. This tool is based on the concept that if the environmental impacts of a product or service are known, it is possible to take better decisions concerning its environmental aspects. The purpose of this research is to conduct the LCA of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the world’s second most consumed thermoplastic. The methodology described in NBR ISO 14040 and NBR ISO 14044 was followed. As a result, the LCA of polyvinyl chloride produced in Brazil was obtained, and, therefore, the inventory of the product in question adapted to Brazilian reality. The research can be applied to various studies considering that actions were taken to ensure that it represents the Brazilian reality. Moreover, the procedures were described to guarantee the greatest transparency possible

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O manejo integrado de pragas vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço no agronegócio brasileiro, sendo importante em métodos de controle que visam a sustentabilidade na agricultura. Atualmente tem-se aumentado cada vez mais a demanda por defensivos agrícolas naturais, que sejam economicamente e ecologicamente viáveis. Analisando-se as espécies pragas recentemente introduzidas no Brasil, encontra-se Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970, popularmente conhecida como mosca-do-figo. Este drosofilídeo tem apresentado um alto potencial de infestação, sendo um organismo limitante à ficicultura e que causa grandes prejuízos econômicos a seus produtores. Dentre as diversas formas de controle de pragas, podem ser citados os bioinseticidas como o Nim (Azadirachta indica), o qual apresenta baixa toxicidade em relação aos inseticidas químicos, e que vem despertando interesse devido as suas propriedades e seu potencial como inseticida natural. Sabendo-se da urgente necessidade em controlar essa praga, o presente trabalho estudou os efeitos da interação de óleo de Nim, da marca comercial Próneem Plus sobre o desenvolvimento populacional de Z. indianus. Os testes foram realizados com indivíduos da F1 - adultos e imaturos - oriundos da criação de Z. indianus, no Laboratório de Entomologia I do Departamento de Zoologia, UNESP – campus de Rio Claro. Foram realizados quatro diferentes experimentos, considerando o potencial bioinseticida e de repelência do produto, testando-se as concentrações de 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2% sob condições de laboratório e as concentrações de 0,35; 0,5 e 0,75% em monocultura de figo. O óleo de Nim apresentou atividade inseticida para a fase larval de Z. indianus, nas concentrações de 0,5; 1; 1,5 e 2%, causando elevada mortalidade e retardando o desenvolvimento da espécie, porém, não apresentou toxicidade significativa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

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Much has been discussed lately about reusing waste in new construction materials and countless studies have been carried out based on this objective. However, before these products can be called “sustainable” and a recycling system can be effectively implemented, it is fundamental for all the aspects involved in this action to be understood, and more important, what are the true gains for the productive sector and what are the benefits for the environment if this was to occur. In order to obtain a general framework for all environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with these products, over their entire life cycle, the most appropriate methodology is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In view of the above, the objective of this work is to provide an overview of current studies of LCA, its history, its importance, its standards and the methodology employed and its applications related to civil construction. It is expected, to obtain a more complete scenario of the influences from a study of LCA, as well as establishing a contribution for the assessment of specific products and processes for civil construction, disseminating the importance of the use of this tool within the sector.

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

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This work is part of several research related to the plan of design and construction of a sustainable house. The previous researches focused on sustainable materials and it have shown that ceramic material are more interesting to improve the thermal comfort and the reduction of fees and prices of the house, making possible to construct popular home, mainly clay bricks, that have high thermal inertia and low costs, besides the fact that it is easy to find the raw materials in nature and process them. However, a major issue in using clay bricks is that it uses too many energy to be processed during the sintering (burning), a crucial part of the process that assures mechanical resistance. Alternative materials are being proposed by the researchers, as the clay bricks without the sintering mixed with Portland cement, assuring the proper resistance to the brick. Raw materials of cement, however, also need to be thermally processed in rotary kilns, in a process called clinckerization. This research was proposed for comparing the energy used by the two types of bricks and other objectives, in order to determinate which one uses less thermal energy. The intention was to compare the energy used during the sintering of regular clay bricks and the unfired bricks with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of Portland cement. The paper also investigated and compared the use of electrical and thermal energy of all the bricks to identify how important were the thermal stages (sintering or clinkerization) relatively to the total energy spent. At last, a resumed analysis was performed to identify the possible health damages of the many life cycles of the bricks. The conclusion was that unfired bricks with less than 40% of cement use less thermal energy to be processed. In addition, their carbon dioxides emissions were less dangerous to ... (Complete abastract click electronic access below)

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This work is part of several research related to the plan of design and construction of a sustainable house. The previous researches focused on sustainable materials and it have shown that ceramic material are more interesting to improve the thermal comfort and the reduction of fees and prices of the house, making possible to construct popular home, mainly clay bricks, that have high thermal inertia and low costs, besides the fact that it is easy to find the raw materials in nature and process them. However, a major issue in using clay bricks is that it uses too many energy to be processed during the sintering (burning), a crucial part of the process that assures mechanical resistance. Alternative materials are being proposed by the researchers, as the clay bricks without the sintering mixed with Portland cement, assuring the proper resistance to the brick. Raw materials of cement, however, also need to be thermally processed in rotary kilns, in a process called clinckerization. This research was proposed for comparing the energy used by the two types of bricks and other objectives, in order to determinate which one uses less thermal energy. The intention was to compare the energy used during the sintering of regular clay bricks and the unfired bricks with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of Portland cement. The paper also investigated and compared the use of electrical and thermal energy of all the bricks to identify how important were the thermal stages (sintering or clinkerization) relatively to the total energy spent. At last, a resumed analysis was performed to identify the possible health damages of the many life cycles of the bricks. The conclusion was that unfired bricks with less than 40% of cement use less thermal energy to be processed. In addition, their carbon dioxides emissions were less dangerous to ... (Complete abastract click electronic access below)

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[ES] El estudio del ciclo biológico de cualquier población de peces tiene interés desde el punto de vista del conocimiento y, en las poblaciones sometidas a explotación, además desde la perspectiva de la conservación. En el caso de la población de herrera Lithognathus mormyrus de las Islas Canarias, el conocimiento del ciclo de vida cobra una extraordinaria importancia, habida cuenta de los claros síntomas de agotamiento observados en ella. En este trabajo se entrega, para esta población, información relativa a la sexualidad, reproducción, edad y crecimiento, aspectos cuyo conocimiento resulta fundamental para adoptar medidas de gestión dirigidas hacia su recuperación y conservación.

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Programa de doctorado: Ingeniería Ambiental y Desalinización

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Esta tesina de grado ha sido abordada bajo el objetivo de determinar la conveniencia del uso de combustible alternativo, en comparación con la quema de leña tradicional, en la actividad ladrillera que se lleva a cabo en el distrito El Algarrobal, de Las Heras, Mendoza. Se compararon para ello tres escenarios de quema de combustible en la etapa de cocción: uno con uso de leña (sistema vigente) y dos hipotéticos, utilizando gas natural y biogás. Dado que se trata de una actividad de importancia regional y que trae aparejadas problemáticas ambientales y sociales, se realizó un análisis desde estos dos puntos de vista. El estudio se enmarcó dentro del “Pensamiento de Ciclo de Vida", concepto que tiene en cuenta todas las etapas del ciclo de vida de un producto, proceso o servicio para la evaluación de los impactos ambientales, sociales y económicos asociados. Su objetivo principal es reducir el uso de recursos y las emisiones al ambiente, así como también mejorar el rendimiento socio-económico del objeto de estudio, a lo largo de todo su ciclo de vida. Entre el abanico de metodologías que este enfoque ofrece, se seleccionó el Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para el estudio de los aspectos ambientales, y el Análisis Social del Ciclo de Vida (ASCV) para los sociales. En el ACV, se utilizaron dos tipos de enfoque para evaluar las consecuencias ambientales de la actividad ladrillera: el enfoque midpoint, con el que se identificaron los impactos potenciales sobre diferentes categorías de impacto; y el enfoque endpoint, a fin de determinar los daños potenciales1 en las áreas de protección correspondientes a los recursos naturales, la calidad de los ecosistemas y la salud humana. Éste último, constituye un análisis inédito en el ámbito científico local dedicado a la actividad ladrillera. En el ASCV, se definió un indicador que sirva para evaluar los impactos sociales de la actividad ladrillera, así como la evolución de éstos tras incorporar los cambios propuestos en los escenarios hipotéticos. Se alcanzó el objetivo propuesto y se logró demostrar parcialmente la hipótesis de trabajo, dando lugar a futuros estudios que profundicen los conocimientos sobre el tema abordado. Los resultados evidenciaron que, si en la etapa de cocción de la fabricación de ladrillos artesanales se reemplaza el uso tradicional de leña por un combustible alternativo, se reduce el impacto potencial producido por la actividad ladrillera, no así los daños ocasionados. Ello determinó: la necesidad de efectuar investigaciones más exhaustivas para definir los cambios necesarios que reduzcan las nocivas consecuencias ambientales y sociales del caso de estudio; la importancia de tomar en cuenta los resultados de los dos tipos de enfoques aquí aplicados (midpoint y endpoint) a la hora de tomar decisiones; y que éstas deben estar basadas sobre una visión amplia de la realidad, en una ponderación de los efectos positivos y negativos que cada cambio pudiera producir, y en el planteamiento de objetivos claros y prioridades consensuadas.