Photo album, St. Catharines area, ca. 1913-1919.

One hardcover photo album containing black and white photos. Many of the photos were taken in the St. Catharines area. Included are photos of Port Dalhousie, Port Weller, Niagara Falls, Niagara-on-the-Lake and St. Catharines. There are also photos of Braeside, Ont. and the Ottawa valley. Various local landmarks are included, such as the armoury in St. Catharines, Montebello Park, and Martindale pond. Some of the events captured include a train wreck that occurred in St. Catharines in 1914, the visit of the Governor General to St. Catharines in 1914 (featuring the Carnegie library and Post Office and federal building decorated with flags), and an airplane that crashed into a body of water, possibly a plane from an air training camp in Beamsville during World War I. There are also two photos of champion Niagara district basketball teams, possibly taken in the gymnasium building located behind the former St. Catharines Collegiate building (later Robertson School) on Church Street. One photo includes Norman Byrne, Gladys Ansell, Miriam Marshall, Irene Stoter (?), Mildrerd Houston, A. Gardner, and Madeline Jenner. The other photo includes George Moase, W. Bennett, Norman Byrne, Jack Bain, Mr. Brackenbury, Cyril Merriman, Jim Galway, Harry Erskine, and Roy Carpenter.

Evolutionary Origin and Maintenance of Sociality in the Small Carpenter Bees

Many arthropods exhibit behaviours precursory to social life, including adult longevity, parental care, nest loyalty and mutual tolerance, yet there are few examples of social behaviour in this phylum. The small carpenter bees, genus Ceratina, provide important insights into the early stages of sociality. I described the biology and social behaviour of five facultatively social species which exhibit all of the preadaptations for successful group living, yet present ecological and behavioural characteristics that seemingly disfavour frequent colony formation. These species are socially polymorphic with both / solitary and social nests collected in sympatry. Social colonies consist of two adult females, one contributing both foraging and reproductive effort and the second which remains at the nest as a passive guard. Cooperative nesting provides no overt reproductive benefits over solitary nesting, although brood survival tends to be greater in social colonies. Three main theories explain cooperation among conspecifics: mutual benefit, kin selection and manipulation. Lifetime reproductive success calculations revealed that mutual benefit does not explain social behaviour in this group as social colonies have lower per capita life time reproductive success than solitary nests. Genetic pedigrees constructed from allozyme data indicate that kin selection might contribute to the maintenance of social nesting -, as social colonies consist of full sisters and thus some indirect fitness benefits are inherently bestowed on subordinate females as a result of remaining to help their dominant sister. These data suggest that the origin of sociality in ceratinines has principal costs and the great ecological success of highly eusociallineages occurred well after social origins. Ecological constraints such as resource limitation, unfavourable weather conditions and parasite pressure have long been considered some of the most important selective pressures for the evolution of sociality. I assessed the fitness consequences of these three ecological factors for reproductive success of solitary and social colonies and found that nest sites were not limiting, and the frequency of social nesting was consistent across brood rearing seasons. Local weather varied between seasons but was not correlated with reproductive success. Severe parasitism resulted in low reproductive success and total nest failure in solitary nests. Social colonies had higher reproductive success and were never extirpated by parasites. I suggest that social nesting represents a form of bet-hedging. The high frequency of solitary nests suggests that this is the optimal strategy when parasite pressure is low. However, social colonies have a selective advantage over solitary nesting females during periods of extreme parasite pressure. Finally, the small carpenter bees are recorded from all continents except Antarctica. I constructed the first molecular phylogeny of ceratinine bees based on four gene regions of selected species covering representatives from all continents and ecological regions. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian Inference tree topology and fossil dating support an African origin followed by an Old World invasion and New World radiation. All known Old World ceratinines form social colonies while New World species are largely solitary; thus geography and phylogenetic inertia are likely predictors of social evolution in this genus. This integrative approach not only describes the behaviour of several previously unknown or little-known Ceratina species, bu~ highlights the fact that this is an important, though previously unrecognized, model for studying evolutionary transitions from solitary to social behaviour.

The Implications of Forager Behaviour for Social Organisation in a Socially Polymorphic Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa virginica)

In social Hymenoptera, the division of labour is a major step in the evolution of sociality. Bees, which express many different kinds of sociality, can be classified according to how individuals share or do not share foraging and reproductive activities (Michener, 1974). The large carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica, lives in populations with both solitary and social nests. In social nests, reproduction is controlled by the dominant female, who does all of her own foraging and egg-laying, while the subordinates guard the nest only. This study examined foraging behaviour as a way to classify the social hierarchy. Individual females were marked, measured and intensely observed for the foraging season. It was found that a large number of subordinates forage and likely obtain more reproductive fitness than previously thought. The dominance hierarchy is very likely a social queue, in which bees take turns foraging and egg-laying.

Wrestling Card - Jack Claybourne

The wrestler's name is Jack Claybourne and the number stamped on the reverse is 230.

Indenture between Barnet Ulman, Benjamin Ulman, Peter Ulman and Philophilus Carpenter

Indenture between Barnet Ulman and Peter Ulman of Niagara Township to Asa Philophilus Carpenter of Niagara Township regarding 300 acres in Lot no. 15 in the 1st Concession and the north half of Lot no. 11 in the 2nd Concession of the Township of Southwood - instrument no. 680. This was listed in folio 287, November 9, 1852.

Indenture between Asa Philophilus Carpenter and Joseph Augustus Woodruff

Indenture (vellum) of deed with dower from Asa Philophilus Carpenter and Margaret of Niagara to Joseph Augustus Woodruff of Niagara for lot no. 15 in the 1st Concession in the County of Elgin. This was registered April 14, 1853 in folio 288 - instrument no. 681, April 2, 1853.

Indenture between Robert Miller of the County of La Porte, Indiana and Asat Carpenter of the Town of Niagara regarding 50 acres in the Township of Southwold, Middlesex

Indenture between Robert Miller of the County of La Porte, Indiana and Asat Carpenter of the Town of Niagara regarding 50 acres in the Township of Southwold, Middlesex. There are 2 copies of this document tin which the wording seems slightly different. The 1st copy is slightly burned on the side and extremely faded, making it completely illegible. The 2nd copy is legible. Feb. 15, 1853

Jack

UANL

Jack Curzon a novel by Archibald Clavering Gunter

UANL

L’univers dans un point noir : esthétique et matérialité dans l’oeuvre de Jack Kirby

Notre recherche étudie les particularités esthétiques et matérialistes de l’oeuvre du bédéiste américain Jack Kirby (1917-1994) et la manière dont elles répondent d’agencements qui visent à déconstruire et reconstruire les formes sur la page. Contemporain de Will Eisner, Kirby est largement considéré comme l'auteur et dessinateur le plus influent de son époque, co-signant les premières aventures de certains des super-héros qui perdurent et qui sont aujourd’hui la manne de l’industrie hollywoodienne (Captain America, les Fantastic Four, Hulk, etc.). Son oeuvre protéiforme est composée de superpositions de textures, d’objets récupérés, de figures déviées et trouve dans son rapport à la matière les principaux axiomes qui la définissent. Cherchant dans son travail à cerner les fonctions des nombreux amoncellements de points noirs (baptisés kirby dots par la critique et l’industrie), nous nous écartons des modèles d’analyse sémiologiques pour constituer une approche écosophique de la bande dessinée. Dans cette dernière, nous avons recours à la schizo-analyse théorisée par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari dans leur ouvrage L’Anti-OEdipe (1972) afin de cerner les conditions de la production de sens et de non-sens du point kirbyen. Pour ce faire, nous proposons de reconsidérer la BD comme une écologie séquentialisée, composée de cases sans icônes, c’est-à-dire d’un espace pris au plus près de la planche, pour soi et en soi, sans rapport de causalité fixe ou de structure prédéterminée. Nous envisageons ensuite les territorialités archaïques de la bande dessinée pour mieux définir son ontogénie, puis pour étudier les rapports machiniques et schizos qu’entretiennent entre eux les différents espaces (que nous distinguons en espaces striés et en espaces lisses) ainsi que les différents traits de la planche. Finalement, nous expliquerons en quoi le point kirbyen apparaît comme une machine abstraite, c’est-à-dire une instance capable d’auto-générer, d’auto-poïétiser, son propre mystère représentationnel.

Proyecto bilingüe Jack and the beanstalk.

Obtuvo la tercera mención de la modalidad A en el XIII Certamen de Premios a la Elaboración de Materiales Didácticos de 2005, organizado por la Consejería de Educación de la Comunidad de Madrid

Jack and the dreamsack.

Para alentar el debate de los jóvenes a pensar en sus propios sueños, ya que el cambio de fantasía a realidad se confunde en algunos niños. La historia se centra en las cosas extraordinarias e inusuales de los sueños. Jack intenta recoger sus sueños en un saco para disfrutar de ellos mientras está despierto. En su búsqueda, encuentra historias alarmantes e incongruentes como cerdos eclosionando de huevos, ratones con el pelo de madera, un parque zoológico humano, teléfonos con barbas y otras extrañas historias. Al final llega a una increíble conclusión.

Jack and the beanstalk : based on a traditional folk tale.

Este cuento tradicional tiene un texto rítmico para ayudar a construir habilidades de lectura. Para leer en voz alta.

Daft Jack and the bean stack.

Jack y su madre eran muy pobres hasta que encontraron una vaca en el campo. Pero la leche era un problema para ella y Jack cambia la vaca por un bote de alubias.