Impact of a Changing Climate on Fine Particulate Concentrations in Butte, MT

A model was developed to assess the potential change in PM2.5 concentrations in Butte, Montana over the course of the 21st century as the result of climate change and changes in emissions. The EPA AERMOD regulatory model was run using NARCCAP climate data for the years of 2040, 2050, 2060 and 2070, and the results were compared to the NAAQS to determine if there is the potential for future impacts to human health. This model predicted an average annual concentration of 15.84 µg/m3 in the year 2050, which would exceed the primary NAAQS of 12 µg/m3 and is a large increase over the average concentration from 2010 – 2012 of 10.52 µg/m3. The effectiveness of a wood stove change out program was also evaluated to determine its efficacy, and modeled results predicted that by changing out 100% of inefficient stoves with an EPA approved model, concentrations could be reduced below the NAAQS.

Exploring metrics to express energy expenditure of physical activity in youth

Background Several approaches have been used to express energy expenditure in youth, but no consensus exists as to which best normalizes data for the wide range of ages and body sizes across a range of physical activities. This study examined several common metrics for expressing energy expenditure to determine whether one metric can be used for all healthy children. Such a metric could improve our ability to further advance the Compendium of Physical Activities for Youth. Methods A secondary analysis of oxygen uptake (VO2) data obtained from five sites was completed, that included 947 children ages 5 to 18 years, who engaged in 14 different activities. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) was computed based on Schofield Equations [Hum Nutr Clin Nut. 39(Suppl 1), 1985]. Absolute oxygen uptake (ml.min-1), oxygen uptake per kilogram body mass (VO2 in ml.kg-1.min-1), net oxygen uptake (VO2 – resting metabolic rate), allometric scaled oxygen uptake (VO2 in ml.kg-0.75.min-1) and YOUTH-MET (VO2.[resting VO2] -1) were calculated. These metrics were regressed with age, sex, height, and body mass. Results Net and allometric-scaled VO2, and YOUTH-MET were least associated with age, sex and physical characteristics. For moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities, allometric scaling was least related to age and sex. For sedentary and low-intensity activities, YOUTH-MET was least related to age and sex. Conclusions No energy expenditure metric completely eliminated the influence of age, physical characteristics, and sex. The Adult MET consistently overestimated EE. YOUTH-MET was better for expressing energy expenditure for sedentary and light activities, whereas allometric scaling was better for moderate and vigorous intensity activities. From a practical perspective, The YOUTH-MET may be the more feasible metric for improving of the Compendium of Physical Activities for Youth.

The great February 1986 flood [abstract]

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): There were many similarities between the February 1986 storm and that of December 1964 and also December 1955. The 1964 storm hit hardest a little further north and the North Coast took the brunt of that storm. December 1955 also produced higher north coastal area runoff. December 1955 produced greater peaks in the central part of the state than the 1964 flood and is perhaps more comparable south of the Lake Tahoe-American River area. But the real surprise this time was the volume. Four reservoirs, Folsom, Black Butte, Pardee, and Comanche, were filled completely and became surcharged (storing more water than the designed capacity). The 10 day total rainfall amounted to half the normal annual totals at many precipitation stations. The February 1986 flood is a vivid reminder of the extremes of California climate and the value of the extensive system of flood control works in the state. Before the storm, especially in January, there was much concern about the dryness of the water year. Then with the deluge, California's flood control systems were tested. By and large the system worked preventing untold damage and misery for most dwellers in the flat lands.

Mutations in NGLY1 cause an inherited disorder of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway.

PURPOSE: The endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway is responsible for the translocation of misfolded proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into the cytosol for subsequent degradation by the proteasome. To define the phenotype associated with a novel inherited disorder of cytosolic endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway dysfunction, we studied a series of eight patients with deficiency of N-glycanase 1. METHODS: Whole-genome, whole-exome, or standard Sanger sequencing techniques were employed. Retrospective chart reviews were performed in order to obtain clinical data. RESULTS: All patients had global developmental delay, a movement disorder, and hypotonia. Other common findings included hypolacrima or alacrima (7/8), elevated liver transaminases (6/7), microcephaly (6/8), diminished reflexes (6/8), hepatocyte cytoplasmic storage material or vacuolization (5/6), and seizures (4/8). The nonsense mutation c.1201A>T (p.R401X) was the most common deleterious allele. CONCLUSION: NGLY1 deficiency is a novel autosomal recessive disorder of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway associated with neurological dysfunction, abnormal tear production, and liver disease. The majority of patients detected to date carry a specific nonsense mutation that appears to be associated with severe disease. The phenotypic spectrum is likely to enlarge as cases with a broader range of mutations are detected.

Exeter-Hall Science and Evangelical Rhetoric in Mid-Victorian Britain

In the early and mid-Victorian period public pronouncements by evangelicals were often described as the antithesis of rational speech. The voice of science, on the other hand, was routinely equated with the voice of reason. This disparity was particularly clear in satirical and critical commentary about the platform rhetoric associated with London’s Exeter Hall, a key meeting place for evangelicals and a metonym for evangelical expressions of Christian belief. It was against this backdrop that the fledgling Young Men’s Christian Association inaugurated a popular series of lectures in 1845. Held in Exeter Hall from 1848, the series ran until 1865 and proved to be immensely popular. By investigating the ways in which the promotion of science was combined with religious exhortation in the YMCA lectures, this paper examines how evangelicals positioned themselves with respect to the growing cultural authority of science. The paper also argues that these efforts were indelibly marked by the Hall and the communicative medium in which they were made. As such, the paper sheds light on the significance of platform culture within and beyond evangelicalism and on the importance of venue and audience in understanding science and religion relations in an age of lecturing.

Livre des Morts de Nésyménou. Egyptien 123

Fragment 3 :Col. 1 + vignette (très fragmentaires) : ?Col. 2 + vignette : chapitre 86 (formule pour prendre l'aspect d'une hirondelle). La vignette contient une hirondelle sur une butte.Col. 3 + vignette : chapitre 87 (formule pour prendre l'aspect d'un serpent-sata). La vignette montre un serpent à tête humaine. Col. 4 + vignette : chapitre 88 (formule pour faire une transformation en crocodile Sobek). La vignette montre une crocodile momiforme.Col. 5 + vignette : chapitre 89 (formule pour permettre que la ba atteigne son cadavre dans la nécropole). La vignette montre l'oiseau-ba volant au-dessus du cadavre allongé sur le lit funéraire.Col. 6 + vignette (fragmentaires) : chapitre 90 (?). La vignette montre le défunt debout les bras en avant.Fragment 2 :Col. 1 + vignette (fragmentaires) : ? Seul un morceau de la vignette est conservé où l'on voit une divinité debout.Col. 2 + vignette : chapitre 91 (formule pour ne pas retenir le ba du défunt dans la nécropole). La vignette montre le défunt debout devant son oiseau-ba.Col. 3 + vignette : chapitre 92 (formule pour ouvrir la tombe pour le ba et pour l'ombre du défunt pour sa sortie pendant le jour). La vignette représente le défunt devant une chapelle où l'on voit l'oiseau-ba.Col. 4 + vignette : chapitre 93 (formule pour ne pas permettre que le défunt ne traverse vers l'Orient dans la nécropole). La vignette représente une divinité assise sur une barque avec le signe de l'Orient.Col. 5 + vignette (voir cadre suivant) : début du chapitre 98 (formule pour aller chercher le bac dans le ciel). La vignette montre la proue de la barque.Fragment 1 (prend place au sein des fragments du cadre suivant Egyptien 122) :Col. 1 + vignette : chapitre 102 (formule pour descendre dans la barque). La vignette représente Rê assis sur sa barque.Col. 2 + vignette (fragmentaires) : ? La vignette laisse deviner une barque.

Livre des Morts de Djéhoutyirydès. Egyptien 133

Colonne 1 : trois vignettes sur trois registres. Sur la vignette supérieure, on voit le défunt en adoration devant Khépri, forme du dieu solaire, qui se trouve sur la barque solaire. La vignette du milieu montre le défunt en adoration devant Osiris assis sur son trône et assisté de Isis. La dernière vignette montre le défunt en adoration devant deux divinités assises, qui symbolisent l'Ennéade.Col. 2, x+1-11 et vignette : chapitre 111 (=108) avec titre en lacune ("Formule pour connaître les âmes de l'Occident"). La vignette montre le défunt en adoration devant deux divinité à tête de faucon.Col. 2, x+12-20 : chapitre 114 avec titre rubrique : "Formule pour connaître les âmes d'Hermopolis". La vignette montre le défunt devant Thot et une table d'offrandes.Col. 3, 1-10 et vignette : chapitre 117 avec titre rubriqué : "Formule (pour s'engager dans les chemins de Rosetchaou)". La vignette montre le défunt s'inclinant, le dos tourné vers une butte. Col. 3, 11-19 et vignette : chapitre 118 avec titre rubriqué : "Formule pour atteindre Rosetchaou". La vignette montre le défunt s'inclinant.Col. 4, 1-12 et vignette : chapitre 119 avec titre rubriqué : "Formule pour sortir de (Rosetchaou)". La vignette montre le défunt debout tourné vers la droite.Col. 4, 13-21 et vignette : chapitre 120 (=12) avec titre rubriqué : "Formule pour entrer et sortir de Rosetchaou". La vignette montre le défunt face à lui-même.Col. 5, 1-30 : début du chapitre 125, déclaration d'innocence.

Exploring the experiences of youth in a development program with integrated physical activity in Costa Rica

National governments, the United Nations, and other organizations have deemed sport and other means of physical activity such as recreation, games and play for development a useful means for addressing a wide range of problems in communities and more specifically, providing youth with an opportunity to experience the benefits of physical activity. There is a need for research that furthers our understanding of how participants experience these programs. Specifically, the purpose of this study, was to better understand the lived experiences of the participants in a YMCA camp program that integrated physical activity and play for the specific development of poor youth street workers. A phenomenological approach infonned by a critical perspective (Creswell, 2003; Rossman & Rallis, 2003) was used. The study took place through the Asociaci6n Cristiana de J6venes de Costa Rica (ACJ) in Central America. The focus was on a camp program and the lived experiences of six purposefully chosen, youth street workers between the ages of 13-17. Their experiences were explored through semi-structured interviews. Other data that fonn the study include: field notes, observations, a reflexive journal and document analysis. The findings that emerged from the data include main themes of relationships, poverty, personal change and empowennent. For many youth, the ACJ is a relatively safe place to play, to "detach," their minds, to "distract" and "disorient" themselves from their dysfunctional families, violent neighbourhood, the poverty they live in, and from the necessity of having to work in the street to supplement the family income. Although many studies have shown that programs that include physical activity, play and/or sport have a positive impact on youth with regard to healthy development and improvements in well-being, there has been little work done to address the voices and experiences of the youth that participate in these programs. Using an interpretive-critical approach, this study focused on the participants' personal backgrounds, their experiences within the program and their critical reflections on the program. This study draws from a phenomenological philosophy and method to report findings from participants in an ACJ program in Costa Rica. This research shows how these youth were given the opportunity to use the program and the ACJ property as a relatively safe place to play, to behave like the youth they are, to establish and maintain their friendship networks, and develop empathy and conflict resolution skills. The fmdings from this study reveal how by participating in the ACJ program they each described a personal change, wherein they felt empowered to learn they could positivel y control themselves and as a result positively affect their own futures. These fmdings contribute knowledge surrounding the lived experiences of youth in developmental programs that use physical activity.

Fairview School class photograph, ca. 1930

Individuals in the photograph are identified as follows: Front Row, L to R: Stuart McDonald, Pete Burtch, Carl Schwenker, Bill Davey, Jim Barnes, ? McDonald, Marie Youngblutt, Lorraine Havens, Margaret Sinclair, Carla Prince, Verna Sinclair, Helen Welsh, Margaret Welsh, Elsie Backshall, Smith girl, Amy McDonald. 2nd Row, L to R: Nelson Sinclair, Gordon Wilson, Ivan Burtch, ? Smith, George Corman, Roy Burtch, Mort Corman, Bob Bell, ?Wilson, Jim Combe, Murray Combe, Jack High, George Welsh, Larry Downes, Gordon Schwenker, Albert Davey, Harvey Davey. Back Row, L to R: Bert Sinclair, Jim Mason, Len Corman, Johnny Corman, David Hallett, Lloyd Graham, Paul Harndon?, Gordon Dormes, George Bell, Doug Garriock, ?McDonald, Mary? Honsberger, Mary Backus, Hilda Wilson. The teacher may be Beatrice Armstrong. Fairview School was built in 1919 in Louth Township, Lincoln County, Ont. It may have been built around the time the county constructed other schools, namely, Grapeview and Glenridge. Nicholson and Macbeth may have been the architects of this school, as some features on the building, ie. the carved stone children’s faces below the lintel of the front door , appear in another known and proven Nicholson and Macbeth building, the former YMCA on Queen Street in St. Catharines. The school remained in operation until 1979 when it was purchased for a church, the Fairview-Louth Community church, which later became Southridge Community church, now located on Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ont. Today the building is occupied by the Niagara Korean Presbyterian Church.

Escape and connection : a phenomenological investigation into the meaning of an after-school program for adolescent boys

The purpos e of this phenomenological research is to explore the meaning of a YMCA-sponsored after-school recreation program in the lives of four adolescent boys. Listening to youth voice is impor t ant to the ability of othe r s to design, implement and evaluate high-quality programs tha t facilitate learning opportunities tha t a r e meaningful to participants. Within the context of interviews, task-based activities we r e used to ga the r data. Guided by Creswell's analytic spiral (1998), data wa s analyzed according to van Manen's (1990) thematic analysis and Caeilli's (2000) creative narrative analysis. It wa s found tha t this after-school progr am provided the s e adolescents with the opportunity to escape from the i r monotonous after-school activities and the instability of the i r home and school environments. Also, they we r e connected wi th positive peers, caring adults and the wide r community, opportunities tha t we r e limited in othe r aspects of the i r lives. Methodological issues a r e also discussed.

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, 30 September 1917

The letter is written by, presumably, Arthur Schmon's sister. It is signed "Goodnight - Lovingly your sis". In the letter, she describes a sermon E.C. Schmon has just attended. A farewell sermon preached by a doctor who will be going to work for the YMCA.

Niveles de actividad física, condición física y tiempo en pantallas en escolares de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL

Examina la relación entre los niveles de actividad física (AF) de forma objetiva, la condición física (CF) y el tiempo de exposición a pantallas en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia.

Educación ambiental, 2.

Material con diversas sugerencias para trabajar algunas cuestiones de medio ambiente en diversos ámbitos de actuación (escuelas, campamentos de verano, cursos de monitores, etc.). Contiene cuatro documentos: Desarrollo sostenible (documento básico); Reduce, recupera, recicla; La senda ecológica y Educación ambiental urbana (o Educación socioambiental). Los cuatros se complementan con fichas que contienen actividades, 1 póster y 1 libro de juegos de Educación Ambiental. Se pretende transformar los valores de las sociedades humanas a través de la educación, considerada como manera de actuar, influir y cuestionar.

Educación para la paz.

Guía de educación para la paz que puede ser utilizada en diversos ámbitos (escuela, campamentos de verano, etc.). Explica el concepto de educación para la paz y presenta una breve historia de su origen; aborda los objetivos, contenidos y metodología a seguir y el lugar que ocupa tanto en la educación formal como en la no formal e informal, sugiriendo diversas actividades para realizar, tanto escolares como extraescolares y no formales, y presentando diferentes juegos de educación para la paz.

The Extras Regina, 2008

Project includes: a large scale live performance and resulting performance video, at Curtain Razors, Regina Queen’s Square, Regina, 2008 Live Performance, 45 mins, incl. 1 actor, 23 extras, 2 live cameras, live video and sound mixing, stage set, video projection. Video 45 mins Video Trailer 7 mins The Extras is a video performance referencing the form of a large live film shoot. The Extras contextualises contemporary Westerns genres within an experimental live tableau. The live performance and resulting 45 mins video make reference 19th century Western Author German Karl May, the tradition of Eastern European Western, (Red Western), Uranium exploitation and entrepreneurial cultures in the Canadian Prairies. Funded by the Canada Council for the Arts, Saskatchewan Arts Board and Curtain Razors, the Extras Regina was staged and performed at Central Plaza in Regina, with a crew of 23 extras, 2 live cameras, live video and sound mixing ad video projection. It involved research in Saskatchewan film and photographic archives. The performance was edited live and mixed with video material which was shot on location, with a further group of extras at historical historical ‘Western’ locations, including Fort Qu' Appelle, 
Castle Butte and Big Muddy. It also involved a collaboration with a local theatre production company, which enacted a dramatised historical incident.