Estudio sobre las motivaciones para la práctica físico deportiva entre los alumnos del Campus Universitario de Álava : curso 1988-1989.

Conseguir que en el Campus Universitario Alavés exista una opción de animación sociocultural, a través de la actividad físico deportiva, de manera que se amplíen las opciones propuestas en este área, a la vez que se fomente el aumento del número de practicantes asiduos, y participantes en las actividades deportivas y/o competitivas realizadas para y por este colectivo. 2508 alumnos del Campus Universitario de Álava. La metodología utilizada ha sido la investigación en la acción, propuesta por el profesor F. Tejedor. Encuesta realizada ad hoc, que consta de 17 preguntas. Porcentajes. Gráficos. Un 87,22 por ciento de los alumnos encuestados está disconforme con las actividades físico deportivas ofertadas años anteriores, mientras que solamente un 12,78 por ciento está conforme con las mismas. Sólo un 19,10 por ciento de los alumnos están federados. Los intereses de actividades físico-deportivas se centran fundamentalmente en natación con un 22,20 por ciento de respuestas afirmativas, seguido del baloncesto con 18,60 por ciento. De los resultados obtenidos por las encuestas, se ha procedido a la realización de una serie de actividades físico-deportivas, dando como resultado un nivel de participación más alto que el conseguido en ediciones anteriores, si bien la imposibilidad por el momento de realizar una segunda fase del estudio, no nos permite cuantificar esa mejora.

Menores marginados en Álava.

Plantea cinco hipótesis: 1. El menor reproduce la problemática y marginalidad de su familia de origen. 2. Los menores problemáticos es un colectivo casi exclusivamente urbano. 3. La pertenencia al sexo masculino agudiza los procesos de inadaptación. 4. La situación económica familiar influye en la generación de problemáticas familiares y de infancia. 16 barrios en Vitoria-Gasteiz, y 7 cuadrillas a nivel provincial, ya que el universo a tener en cuenta no eran los individuos sino las cuadrillas y barrios, y dentro de éstas los centros escolares. El método elegido en este estudio se basa en dos tipos de análisis de carácter complementario: el primero, va a estudiar las demandas atendidas vía institucional, a través de una recogida de datos sobre demanda institucionalmente detectada. En la segunda vía de análisis, se efectúa una recogida de datos relativa a necesidades objetivamente existentes, pero de la que no consta que hayan entrado en contacto con la red institucional de servicios, ni como demandantes, ni como receptores de los mismos -demanda potencial. Variable dependiente: menores marginados. Variables independientes: la mala atención, las situaciones de riesgo, el abandono, tamaño familiar, clase de familia, nivel socio-económico. Mapa de Servicios Sociales de Álava finalizado en 1985. Listado de Instituciones, Asociaciones relacionadas con el área de Bienestar Social de la Familia e Infancia en Álava. Relación de centros escolares de Preescolar y EGB dependientes del Gobierno Vasco. Cuestionario ad hoc. Entrevistas. Explotación informática de los resultados. Análisis de resultados diferenciando la demanda detectada institucionalmente, de la demanda potencial detectada vía escolar. Muestreo estratificado y por Clusters. Del total de niños con problemas de marginación, el 24 por ciento restante. 983 constituye la demanda efectiva detectada institucionalmente, el 76 por ciento restante. 3126 conforman el colectivo potencialmente demandante de servicios, es decir, las necesidades objetivamente existentes pero no atendidas. El 56 por ciento de los menores problemáticos residen en el municipio de Vitoria-Gasteiz, mientras que otro 43 por ciento lo hace en el resto de cuadrillas alavesas. El 1 por ciento restante tiene fijado el domicilio familiar fuera de Álava. Una de cada cuatro familias es de tipo monoparental, constituida por viudo-as, separado-as, divorciado-as y/o por madres solteras. Se proponen una serie de objetivos y medidas de política social, orientadas tanto hacia la prevención de las situaciones marginantes, como a la intervención directa sobre el medio socio-familiar.

Euskararen Historia Araban. 'Historia del Euskara en ??lava'

Material dirigido al alumnado de Bachillerato que cursa estudios en castellano, dentro de la materia de Lengua Vasca y Literatura. Incluye tres unidades did??cticas. La primera se centra en los diferentes dialectos que existen de la Lengua Vasca y sus caracter??sticas como son la fonolog??a, morfolog??a, sintaxis y l??xico. La segunda unidad trata de dar a conocer la historia de la Lengua Vasca, su origen, su relaci??n con el Lat??n y sus altibajos como instrumento counicativo. La tercera unidad did??ctica se centra en Alava, estudiando la evoluci??n que ha tenido la Lengua Vasca desde la Edad Antigua hasta nuestros d??as. Con todo ello se pretende que aumenten en el alumnado la motivaci??n por la lectura y el inter??s por obtener informaci??n sobre su entorno sociocultural. En cuanto a la evaluaci??n, se determinan como prioritarios los criterios referentes a la capacidad de comprender informaci??n escrita y adecuarla para la elaboraci??n de otros textos, y a la motivaci??n por el ??mbito de la cultura vasca en general.

Las resistencias al estado liberal y el sistema educativo : los precedentes del autonomismo educativo : un estudio referido a ??lava

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Lava production at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat: 1995-2009

[1] We estimate that about 1 km3 of andesitic lava has been produced at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 1995 to 2009. There were three major episodes of extrusion, each lasting about 2 to 3.5 years and producing about 280 to 340 M m3 of lava, and one minor episode. Our estimates account for the dense rock equivalent volumetric contributions from the core and talus components of the lava dome, pyroclastic flow deposits and air-fall deposits. By 2005 at least two thirds of the erupted mass has already entered the sea. The average lava flux across the major extrusion episodes has been 3–5 m3s−1, with short-period (10–15 days) pulses up to 10–20 m3s−1. The first and third episodes of extrusion show similar flux histories suggesting similar behaviour of the system ten years apart. Waning flux towards the end of each episode may be caused by declining overpressure in the magma reservoir.

Use of a portable topographic mapping millimetre wave radar at an active lava flow

A ground-based millimetre wave radar, AVTIS (All-weather Volcano Topography Imaging Sensor), has been developed for topographic monitoring. The instrument is portable and capable of measurements over ranges up to similar to 7 km through cloud and at night. In April and May 2005, AVTIS was deployed at Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica, in order to determine topographic changes associated with the advance of a lava flow. This is the first reported application of mm-wave radar technology to the measurement of lava flux rates. Three topographic data sets of the flow were acquired from observation distances of similar to 3 km over an eight day period, during which the flow front was detected to have advanced similar to 200 m. Topographic differences between the data sets indicated a flow thickness of similar to 10 m, and a dense rock equivalent lava flux of similar to 0.20 +/- 0.08 m(3) s(-1).

Growth of the lava dome and extrusion rates at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, West Indies: 2005–2008

The third episode of lava dome growth at Soufrière Hills Volcano began 1 August 2005 and ended 20 April 2007. Volumes of the dome and talus produced were measured using a photo-based method with a calibrated camera for increased accuracy. The total dense rock equivalent (DRE) volume of extruded andesite magma (306 ± 51 Mm3) was similar within error to that produced in the earlier episodes but the average extrusion rate was 5.6 ± 0.9 m3s−1 (DRE), higher than the previous episodes. Extrusion rates varied in a pulsatory manner from <0.5 m3s−1 to ∼20 m3s−1. On 18 May 2006, the lava dome had reached a volume of 85 Mm3 DRE and it was removed in its entirety during a massive dome collapse on 20 May 2006. Extrusion began again almost immediately and built a dome of 170 Mm3 DRE with a summit height 1047 m above sea level by 4 April 2007. There were few moderate-sized dome collapses (1–10 Mm3) during this extrusive episode in contrast to the first episode of dome growth in 1995–8 when they were numerous. The first and third episodes of dome growth showed a similar pattern of low (<0.5 m3s−1) but increasing magma flux during the early stages, with steady high flux after extrusion of ∼25 Mm3

Clastic and core lava components of a silicic lava dome

The formation of a lava dome involves fractionation of the lava into core and clastic components. We show that for three separate, successive andesitic lava domes that grew at Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, between 1999 and 2007, the volumetric proportion of the lava converted to talus or pyroclastic flow deposits was 50%–90% of the lava extruded. Currently, only 8% of the total magma extruded during the 1995–2007 eruption remains as core lava. The equivalent representation in the geological record will probably be even lower. Most of the lava extruded at the surface flowed no further than 150–300 m from the vent before disaggregation, resulting in a lava core whose shape tends to a cylinder. Moderate to high extrusion rates at the Soufrière Hills domes may have contributed to the large clastic fraction observed. Creating talus dissipates much of the energy that would otherwise be stored in the core lava of domes. The extreme hazards from large pyroclastic flows and blasts posed by wholesale collapse of a lava dome depend largely on the size of the lava core, and hence on the aggregate history of the partitioning process, not on the size of the dome.

Time series analysis of lava flux

We have applied time series analytical techniques to the flux of lava from an extrusive eruption. Tilt data acting as a proxy for flux are used in a case study of the May–August 1997 period of the eruption at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat. We justify the use of such a proxy by simple calibratory arguments. Three techniques of time series analysis are employed: spectral, spectrogram and wavelet methods. In addition to the well-known ~9-hour periodicity shown by these data, a previously unknown periodic flux variability is revealed by the wavelet analysis as a 3-day cycle of frequency modulation during June–July 1997, though the physical mechanism responsible is not clear. Such time series analysis has potential for other lava flux proxies at other types of volcanoes.

Modelling the lava dome extruded at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, August 2005–May 2006. Part I: Dome shape and internal structure

Lava domes comprise core, carapace, and clastic talus components. They can grow endogenously by inflation of a core and/or exogenously with the extrusion of shear bounded lobes and whaleback lobes at the surface. Internal structure is paramount in determining the extent to which lava dome growth evolves stably, or conversely the propensity for collapse. The more core lava that exists within a dome, in both relative and absolute terms, the more explosive energy is available, both for large pyroclastic flows following collapse and in particular for lateral blast events following very rapid removal of lateral support to the dome. Knowledge of the location of the core lava within the dome is also relevant for hazard assessment purposes. A spreading toe, or lobe of core lava, over a talus substrate may be both relatively unstable and likely to accelerate to more violent activity during the early phases of a retrogressive collapse. Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat has been erupting since 1995 and has produced numerous lava domes that have undergone repeated collapse events. We consider one continuous dome growth period, from August 2005 to May 2006 that resulted in a dome collapse event on 20th May 2006. The collapse event lasted 3 h, removing the whole dome plus dome remnants from a previous growth period in an unusually violent and rapid collapse event. We use an axisymmetrical computational Finite Element Method model for the growth and evolution of a lava dome. Our model comprises evolving core, carapace and talus components based on axisymmetrical endogenous dome growth, which permits us to model the interface between talus and core. Despite explicitly only modelling axisymmetrical endogenous dome growth our core–talus model simulates many of the observed growth characteristics of the 2005–2006 SHV lava dome well. Further, it is possible for our simulations to replicate large-scale exogenous characteristics when a considerable volume of talus has accumulated around the lower flanks of the dome. Model results suggest that dome core can override talus within a growing dome, potentially generating a region of significant weakness and a potential locus for collapse initiation.