Les Arabes en Syrie avant l'Islam. Avec 32 figures.

Lectures delivered at the College de France, 1905-06.

Geschichte der Araber.

Translation of: Histoire des Arabes.

The historians' history of the world.

Contains bibliographies.

The people of Palestine : an enlarged ed. of The peasantry of Palestine, life, manners, and customs of the village /

Includes index.

Southern Italy and Sicily and the rulers of the South /

Includes index.

Scènes de moeurs arabes,

Préface.-Ĺa mosquée.-Les joûtes.-Le combat.-Les académies.-L'amour.-Le Mahdy.-La prédiction.

Arabia petraea /

At head of title: Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften.

Historia de la dominacion de los arabes en España, sacada de varios manuscritos y memorias arabigas,

Mode of access: Internet.

History of the conquest of Spain by the Arab-Moors. With a sketch of the civilization which they achieved, and imparted to Europe.

Mode of access: Internet.

Endülüs tarihi.

Ottoman Turkish.

Étude des routes suivies par les Arabes dans la partie méridionale de l'Algérie et de la régence de Tunis, pour servir à l'établissement du réseau géographique de ces contrées, accompagnée d'une carte íntinéraire,

Mode of access: Internet.

Drey Abhandlungen von der Geschichte der Araber überhaupt derselben Münzen und Siegeln.

Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 10681.

Tunisische märchen und gedichte. Eine sammlung prosaischer und poetischer stücke im arabischen dialecte der stadt Tunis nebst einleitung und übersetzung

The "Poetische stücke" (v. 1, p. [85]-113) and some of the "Prosaische stücke" are accompanied by the text in Arabic characters.

The linguistic situation in Kirkuk:a sociolinguistic study

This study is concerned with the linguistic situation in the town of Kirkuk in north eastern Iraq. In this town there are three main ethnic groups: Kurds, Arabs and Turkmana with some very smell minorities such as Chaldeene, Assyrians and Armenians. The languages spoken by these three ethnic groups belong to different language Family groups. In the First cart of the study the historical background of the population, a review of the literature, both of the present linguistic situation in Kirkuk end of relevant sociolinguistics in general, and the theoretical Framework, have been discussed in detail in order to provide background to this study which is mainly concerned with the Following areas: 1. The relationships existing between ethnic background and language usage and language loyalty in Kirkuk. 2. The attitudes of Kirkukiane towards language maintenance and language shift in Kirkuk. 3. Bilingual, multilingual individual communicative competence of Kurds, Arabs and Turkmans in the languages concerned, including the degree to which such a speaker is bilingual or multilingual and the nature of bilingualism or multilingualism in different domains and situations in Kirkuk. To throw light a these areas a situationally-oriented language survey was conducted; the relevant data was collected by randomly distributed questionnaire, by parsonal interview, by personal observation of language use and language attitudes in this town. The data subjected to commuter analysis and the results proved that the were no significant and substantial correlations between the language use, attitudes and competence based on the socio-economic status of respondents in this town, on the other hand, the correlations between the ethnic backgrounds and the language, use, attitudes and competence are indisoutable.

Boundary maintenance in Qatar: Interpretation of domination, segregation and subordination

This study explores the interaction of expatriates in Qatar and their perception of their subordination. The study design included participant observation in an all female University and University housing as well as interviews with Qatari government agencies and ministries, expatriate embassies and expatriates. Semi-structured interviews were conducted across seven expatriate groups: domestic workers, unskilled laborers, semiskilled, professionals, housewives, second-generation expatriates with host country other than Qatar, second-generation expatriates with host country Qatar, and Gulf Cooperation Council citizens. Forty-two subjects completed the interview schedule while 87 interviews were incomplete. ^ Physical control of expatriates occurs through the Gulf practice of sponsorship (The Kafeel System), and local cultural and Islamic related controls intertwined with the Arab Code of honor. Interviews and observations revealed rankings of Arabs and foreigners which emphasize Qatari superiority such as tribal identity, moral ranking of female groups by dress, legal protection and power, sexual consideration and desexualization and salaries and job opportunities based on nationality and ethnicity. Individuals who desire to transcend boundaries into the Qatari realm through citizenship or marriage view Qataris as possessing the “image of the unlimited good” and have acquired Qatari social and cultural capital. Members from all expatriate groups engaged in various forms of resistance to labor and gender domination which ranged from forms of “exit,” expressing a hidden transcript in the privacy of their own group, disguised resistance in public, and occasionally, direct confrontation with the Qatari. Although the legal arena created the appearance that worker's needs were being addressed, laborers engaged in forms of “exit” to escape their oppression. Omani students in the hostel disguised their resistance by spreading gossip, nick-naming homosexual Qatari students at the University, acting out a skit depicting their exclusion from Qatari privilege, spreading rumors of impending freedom, and singing songs of despair in the courtyard. Other sites of resistance were expatriate embassies, the road, the newspaper and technology. This study emphasizes that blaming oppression of the expatriate worker on globalization is a simplistic view of oppression in the Gulf, and ignores complex issues within Qatari society and other Gulf States. Sponsorship, servitude, and gender segregation intersect in Qatar to create a system of segregation and domination of expatriates. ^