962 resultados para Agro pampeano


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En este artículo proponemos un abordaje de las formas sociales de producción familiar, articulando la reflexión teórica sobre las dimensiones de interés que comprenden su definición y la propuesta de identificación de distintos subtipos agrarios, dentro de la categoría de explotación familiar. Asimismo revisamos una serie de factores que suelen considerarse al momento de explicar y/o definir el carácter familiar de las unidades productivas familiares, para luego avanzar a través de un ejercicio de estimación de la importancia de los distintos subtipos familiares.A partir de este ejercicio, buscaremos acercarnos al debate sobre los obstáculos al desarrollo del capitalismo en el agro a la luz de los datos obtenidos. El artículo se basa en el reprocesamiento de los datos censales originales del Censo Agropecuario Nacional del año 2002, tomando como caso de aplicación el partido bonaerense de Rojas.

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En este artículo proponemos un abordaje de las formas sociales de producción familiar, articulando la reflexión teórica sobre las dimensiones de interés que comprenden su definición y la propuesta de identificación de distintos subtipos agrarios, dentro de la categoría de explotación familiar. Asimismo revisamos una serie de factores que suelen considerarse al momento de explicar y/o definir el carácter familiar de las unidades productivas familiares, para luego avanzar a través de un ejercicio de estimación de la importancia de los distintos subtipos familiares.A partir de este ejercicio, buscaremos acercarnos al debate sobre los obstáculos al desarrollo del capitalismo en el agro a la luz de los datos obtenidos. El artículo se basa en el reprocesamiento de los datos censales originales del Censo Agropecuario Nacional del año 2002, tomando como caso de aplicación el partido bonaerense de Rojas.

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Ante el interés desde distintos ámbitos de mejorar la calidad de los trigos, nos propusimos estudiar la dinámica local de uno de los componentes que la determinan. Con ese fin, efectuamos un trabajo de investigación orientado a caracterizar los mecanismos locales de renovación de las variedades de trigo pan y establecer su articulación en redes con dimensiones territoriales más vastas. Este análisis nos conduce a observar las modalidades de interacción entre actores inscriptos en un territorio dado (comercios locales, asesores técnicos, productores), y las articulaciones con actores frecuentemente distantes (en el sentido geográfico), tales como los centros de mejoramiento genético. Nuestro trabajo de investigación se basa en los aportes teóricos de la 'sociología de la red' o 'de la innovación', efectuados fundamentalmente por los sociólogos Michel Callon y Bruno Latour. El área de trabajo elegida comprende el sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Considerando las regiones agro-ecológicas en que tradicionalmente se divide la producción de trigo en el país, este área esta incluida dentro de la subregion V sur. Esta subregion triguera es la más importante del país. La superficie sembrada y la producción representa, en promedio, el 20 del total del país

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Australian climate, soils and agricultural management practices are significantly different from those of the northern hemisphere nations. Consequently, experimental data on greenhouse gas production from European and North American agricultural soils and its interpretation are unlikely to be directly applicable to Australian systems.

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Australian climate, soils and agricultural management practices are significantly different from those of the northern hemisphere nations. Consequently, experimental data on greenhouse gas production from European and North American agricultural soils and its interpretation are unlikely to be directly applicable to Australian systems. A programme of studies of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture has been established that is designed to reduce uncertainty of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions in the Australian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory and provide outputs that will enable better on-farm management practices for reducing non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions, particularly nitrous oxide. The systems being examined and their locations are irrigated pasture (Kyabram Victoria), irrigated cotton (Narrabri, NSW), irrigated maize (Griffith, NSW), rain-fed wheat (Rutherglen, Victoria) and rain-fed wheat (Cunderdin, WA). The field studies include treatments with and without fertilizer addition, stubble burning versus stubble retention, conventional cultivation versus direct drilling and crop rotation to determine emission factors and treatment possibilities for best management options. The data to date suggest that nitrous oxide emissions from nitrogen fertilizer, applied to irrigated dairy pastures and rain-fed winter wheat, appear much lower than the average of northern hemisphere grain and pasture studies. More variable emissions have been found in studies of irrigated cotton/vetch/wheat rotation and substantially higher emissions from irrigated maize.

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There is increasing evidence of a weakened platform of consumer trust in mass produced food products. The resistance shown by consumers to the agro-industrial paradigm is evident in an emergent phase of reflexive consumerism, public reactions to an overly-concentrated retail sector and the rise of alternative food networks such as farmers' markets and organic box schemes. Supermarkets are responding strategically by aiming to manufacture new trust relations with consumers. This paper identifies three key strategies of trust manufacturing: (i) reputational enhancement though the institution of “behind the scenes,” business-to-business private standards; (ii) direct quality claims via private standard certification badges on food products, and ; (iii) discursive claimsmaking through symbolic representations of “authenticity” and “tradition.” Drawing upon the food governance literature and a “visual sociology” of supermarkets and supermarket produce, we highlight how trust is both commoditized and increasingly embedded into the marketing of mass-produced foods.

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If the land sector is to make significant contributions to mitigating anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in coming decades, it must do so while concurrently expanding production of food and fiber. In our view, mathematical modeling will be required to provide scientific guidance to meet this challenge. In order to be useful in GHG mitigation policy measures, models must simultaneously meet scientific, software engineering, and human capacity requirements. They can be used to understand GHG fluxes, to evaluate proposed GHG mitigation actions, and to predict and monitor the effects of specific actions; the latter applications require a change in mindset that has parallels with the shift from research modeling to decision support. We compare and contrast 6 agro-ecosystem models (FullCAM, DayCent, DNDC, APSIM, WNMM, and AgMod), chosen because they are used in Australian agriculture and forestry. Underlying structural similarities in the representations of carbon flows though plants and soils in these models are complemented by a diverse range of emphases and approaches to the subprocesses within the agro-ecosystem. None of these agro-ecosystem models handles all land sector GHG fluxes, and considerable model-based uncertainty exists for soil C fluxes and enteric methane emissions. The models also show diverse approaches to the initialisation of model simulations, software implementation, distribution, licensing, and software quality assurance; each of these will differentially affect their usefulness for policy-driven GHG mitigation prediction and monitoring. Specific requirements imposed on the use of models by Australian mitigation policy settings are discussed, and areas for further scientific development of agro-ecosystem models for use in GHG mitigation policy are proposed.

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