Dynamic optimization of track components to minimize rail corrugation

In this paper, the influence on corrugation of the most significant track parameters has been examined. After this parametric study, the optimization of the track parameters to minimize the undulatory wear growth has been achieved. Finally, the influence of the dispersion of the track and contact parameters on corrugation growth has been studied. A method has been developed to obtain an optimal solution of the track parameters which minimizes corrugation growth, thus ensuring that this solution remains optimum despite dispersion of track parameters and wheel-rail contact uncertainties. This work is based on the computer application RACING (RAil Corrugation INitiation and Growth) which has been developed by the authors to predict rail corrugation features.

Lei do cão-guia [gravação de som]

Áudio MP3 do texto da Lei nº 11.126, de 27 de junho de 2005, que dispõe sobre o direito do portador de deficiência visual de ingressar e permanecer em ambientes de uso coletivo, acompanhado de cão guia e do Decreto nº 5.904, de 21 de setembro de 2006, que regulamenta a Lei nº 11.126.

Freestanding optical fibers fabricated in a glass chip by femtosecond laser micromachining for lab-on-a-chip application (vol 13, pg 7225, 2005)

An erratum is presented to correct the propagation loss of the freestanding optical fibers fabricated in glass chip. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.

Efeito protetor do BCG intradérmico em contatos de pacientes de hanseníase : estudo de caso-controle

O presente estudo se propôs a determinar o efeito protetor da vacinação intradérmica com BCG (bacilo e Calmette-Guérin) em contatos de pacientes de hanseníase através do desenho de estudo caso-controle. Selecionou-se 65 casos e 904 controles, de zero a 29 anos de idade, provenientes de uma população base de contatos de pacientes de hanseníase residentes no Município e Área Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (área endêmica de hanseníase). De ambos os grupos obteve-se informações quanto a exposição ao BCC (presença ou ausência de cicatriz vacinal), idade, sexo, tipo de contato, parentesco e forma clínica do caso primário. Informações adicionais do caso são acessíveis tais como: forma clínica, bacterioscopia, Mitsuda e grau de incapacidade. Realizou-se análise não pareada dos dados onde a presença de cicatriz de BCG mostrou-se negativamente associada com hanseníase indicando uma eficácia protetora de 59% (95% I.C. = 29 k -77%). A análise estratificada não revelou que as variáveis idade, sexo, tipo de contato, parentesco e forma clínica do caso primário introduziram confusão na avaliação da eficácia vacinal. Discute-se a adequação do desenho de estudo tipo caso-controle para a avaliação de eficácia vacinal em doença crônica, as implicações dos resultados e sua importância para a atividade de vigilância de contatos no Programa de Controle da Hanseníase.

Phi 140 mm sapphire crystal growth by temperature gradient techniques and its color centers

Sapphire crystals, 140 mm in diameter and 90 turn in height, have been grown by temperature gradient techniques (TGT). The growth direction of the boule was fixed by means of Lane X-ray diffraction. A prominent 204 nm absorption band in TGT-Al2O3. which does not appear in single crystals grown by Czochralski method has been studied. Analysis further substantiates the F-center model of this band. Two relatively weaker bands absorbing at 232 nm and 254 nm were ascribed to F+ centers. F-type centers concentration was determined using Smakula's equation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Yb：FAP晶体的生长及光谱性能

应用中频感应提拉法生长出不同掺杂浓度的Yb：FAP激光晶体，运用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）测定了Yb^3＋离子存Yb：FAP晶体中的分凝系数约为0．03。随着晶体的生长，晶体中Yb^3＋离子的轴向浓度逐渐增大。研究Yb：FAP晶体在77K和300K温度下的吸收光谱发现，振动谱的变化主要是由电子-声子近共振耦合作用引起的。系统地研究了不同Yb^3＋离子掺杂浓度Yb：FAP晶体的吸收光谱和荧光光谱。通过吸收光谱的测量计算了晶体的吸收截面。Yb：FAP晶体在904nm和982nm处存在Yb

Growth and spectral properties of Yb : FAP single crystal

In this paper, single crystal of ytterbium (Yb) doped Ca-5(PO4)(3)F (FAP) has been grown along the c-axis by using the Czochralski method. The segregation coefficients of Yb3+ in the Yb:FAP crystal has been determined by ICP-AES method. The absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetime of the Yb:FAP crystal has been also measured at room temperature. In the absorption spectra, there are two absorption bands at 904 and 982 nm, respectively, which are suitable for InGaAs diode laser pumping. The absorption cross-section (sigma(abs)) is 5.117 x 10(-20) cm(2) with an FWHM of 4 nm at 982 nm. The emission cross-section is (sigma(em)) 3.678 x 10(-20) cm(2) at 1042 nm. Favorable values of the absorption cross-section at about 982 nm are promising candidates for laser diode (LD) pumping. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.