985 resultados para 1985-1995


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Mode of access: Internet.

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Changes in the size spectra of demersal fish communities off Cape Verde (1988, 1994), Guinea (1985-1995), and Mauritania (1987-2001) were studied. Intercepts and slopes showed opposite trends for Guinea and Mauritania, but were relatively stable in spite of a strong increase in landings per unit area. For Cape Verde, there were marked changes in size structure, seemingly inconsistent with the more moderate fishing pressure there. Changes in size structure do not seem to be suitable indicators of the effects of fishing in areas characterized by faster growth rates, small sizes, high species diversity, and complex interrelationships, such as the tropics. (c) 2005 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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We use at microregion level from the Brazilian Census years 1975, 1985, 1995 and 2006 to assess the impact of climate change on Brazilian agriculture using a Ricardian model. We estimate the Ricardian model using repeated cross sections for each Census Year, a pooled model and a twostage model based on Hsiao 2003. Results show that a marginal increase of temperature is harmful for agriculture in all regions of Brazil, with the exception of the South. The most negative impacts are felt in the North and in the North-East. There is mixed evidence on the effect of a marginal impact of precipitation. Additional rainfall is beneficial in South, South-East and in the Center-West. It is harmful in other regions. Impact estimates with three GCM scenarios generated using the A2 SRES emission scenario show that climate change is expected to be generally harmful in 2060. In 2100 only the climate change scenario generated by the Hadley HADCM3 model predicts negative impacts; the MIMR model predicts that climate change will not significantly affect land values while the NCPCM model predicts significant beneficial effects using the Hsiao model and nonsignificant beneficial effects using the pooled model. Among Brazilian regions, only the South and some cases the South-East are expected to benefit from climate change.

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[Tesis] (Maestría en Letras Españolas) U.A.N.L.

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El presente estudio aborda el desencanto en la narrativa ecuatoriana, y cuyo objetivo es reconocerlo como una forma de ser y estar de los protagonistas de tres novelas: Teoría del desencanto (1985) de Raúl Pérez Torres, Ciudad sin Ángel (1995) de Jorge Enrique Adoum y La Madriguera (2004) de Abdón Ubidia. Cómo sienten y viven el desencanto a partir de un hecho puntual, y que es trasversal a todos: la pérdida de las utopías. Por otro lado se busca determinar si el desencanto es el mismo en cualquier época o es el producto de las circunstancias particulares en cada una de ellas. Así, Manuel, el protagonista de Teoría del desencanto (1985) de Raúl Pérez Torres, vive el desencanto de la imposibilidad de una revolución en los años setenta, Bruno Salerno, de Ciudad sin Ángel (1995) de Jorge Enrique Adoum, vive el desencanto del exilio y la pérdida de la mujer amada, también en los años setenta, durante las dictaduras, y Bruno Pintor en La Madriguera (2004) de Abdón Ubidia, vive el desencanto de la pérdida de las sensibilidades ante el final del siglo XX, atrapado en una ciudad de cemento, habitada por hombres y mujeres de plástico. Sin embargo, estos tres momentos del desencanto se perciben como uno solo cuando nuestros protagonistas hacen de las expresiones artísticas su forma de enfrentarse a las pérdidas de las utopías, al sistema social de cada época, e incluso a su propio arte, al que ven como un ejercicio inútil para sus propósitos, aunque posteriormente se reconcilien con él. Del desencanto regresan al encanto primero, y se dan una nueva oportunidad después de haber perdido las esperanzas. Para la consecución del objetivo planteado se recurrió, en el estudio de las novelas utilizadas, a varias disciplinas tales como la teoría literaria, la sociología enfocada en la literatura y la historia. Se ha considerado que los argumentos planteados se desarrollan en momentos y espacios reales de la historia del Ecuador y América Latina, donde sus personajes interactúan con coyunturas y contextos definidos. Entre ellos podemos nombrar las dictaduras del Cono Sur, el auge petrolero, la crisis económica, así como las consecuencias de la crisis de la modernidad y la entrada de la posmodernidad hacia el final del milenio.

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Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

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Fil: Ghigliani, Pablo Esteban. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

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Fil: Ghigliani, Pablo Esteban. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

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Developing unit value statistics for agricultural products forms part of the restructuring of agricultural price statistics in absolute values; it constitutes a supplementary statistical instrument in this restructuring. Supplying further information on the characteristics of the changes in value of agricultural products other than the price components as such (and the variations in physical quantities), brings one closer to the economic parameters measured and recorded in the Economic Accounts for Agriculture. Since these parameters are used in economic analyses - and, more particularly, in modelling - it also appeared appropriate to establish time series for the corresponding quantities marketed. See p. 13 for more information.

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John Frazer's architectural work is inspired by living and generative processes. Both evolutionary and revolutionary, it explores informatin ecologies and the dynamics of the spaces between objects. Fuelled by an interest in the cybernetic work of Gordon Pask and Norbert Wiener, and the possibilities of the computer and the "new science" it has facilitated, Frazer and his team of collaborators have conducted a series of experiments that utilize genetic algorithms, cellular automata, emergent behaviour, complexity and feedback loops to create a truly dynamic architecture. Frazer studied at the Architectural Association (AA) in London from 1963 to 1969, and later became unit master of Diploma Unit 11 there. He was subsequently Director of Computer-Aided Design at the University of Ulter - a post he held while writing An Evolutionary Architecture in 1995 - and a lecturer at the University of Cambridge. In 1983 he co-founded Autographics Software Ltd, which pioneered microprocessor graphics. Frazer was awarded a person chair at the University of Ulster in 1984. In Frazer's hands, architecture becomes machine-readable, formally open-ended and responsive. His work as computer consultant to Cedric Price's Generator Project of 1976 (see P84)led to the development of a series of tools and processes; these have resulted in projects such as the Calbuild Kit (1985) and the Universal Constructor (1990). These subsequent computer-orientated architectural machines are makers of architectural form beyond the full control of the architect-programmer. Frazer makes much reference to the multi-celled relationships found in nature, and their ongoing morphosis in response to continually changing contextual criteria. He defines the elements that describe his evolutionary architectural model thus: "A genetic code script, rules for the development of the code, mapping of the code to a virtual model, the nature of the environment for the development of the model and, most importantly, the criteria for selection. In setting out these parameters for designing evolutionary architectures, Frazer goes beyond the usual notions of architectural beauty and aesthetics. Nevertheless his work is not without an aesthetic: some pieces are a frenzy of mad wire, while others have a modularity that is reminiscent of biological form. Algorithms form the basis of Frazer's designs. These algorithms determine a variety of formal results dependent on the nature of the information they are given. His work, therefore, is always dynamic, always evolving and always different. Designing with algorithms is also critical to other architects featured in this book, such as Marcos Novak (see p150). Frazer has made an unparalleled contribution to defining architectural possibilities for the twenty-first century, and remains an inspiration to architects seeking to create responsive environments. Architects were initially slow to pick up on the opportunities that the computer provides. These opportunities are both representational and spatial: computers can help architects draw buildings and, more importantly, they can help architects create varied spaces, both virtual and actual. Frazer's work was groundbreaking in this respect, and well before its time.