Elementos de historia natural médica / traducido al castellano y acomodados para los discípulos de segundo año de medicina ; por Bartolomé Obrador.

Mode of access: Internet.

Global compilation of benthic data sets I

Approaches to quantify the organic carbon accumulation on a global scale generally do not consider the small-scale variability of sedimentary and oceanographic boundary conditions along continental margins. In this study, we present a new approach to regionalize the total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface sediments (<5 cm sediment depth). It is based on a compilation of more than 5500 single measurements from various sources. Global TOC distribution was determined by the application of a combined qualitative and quantitative-geostatistical method. Overall, 33 benthic TOC-based provinces were defined and used to process the global distribution pattern of the TOC content in surface sediments in a 1°x1° grid resolution. Regional dependencies of data points within each single province are expressed by modeled semi-variograms. Measured and estimated TOC values show good correlation, emphasizing the reasonable applicability of the method. The accumulation of organic carbon in marine surface sediments is a key parameter in the control of mineralization processes and the material exchange between the sediment and the ocean water. Our approach will help to improve global budgets of nutrient and carbon cycles.

Development of calix[4]arene-functionalized microcantilever array sensing system for the rapid, sensitive and simultaneous detection of metal ions in aqueous solutions

The work described in this thesis was conducted with the aim of: 1) investigating the binding capabilities of calix[4]arene-functionalized microcantilevers towards specific metal ions and 2) developing a new16-microcantilever array sensing system for the rapid, and simultaneous detection of metal ions in fresh water. Part I of this thesis reports on the use of three new bimodal calix[4]arenes (methoxy, ethoxy and crown) as potential host/guest sensing layers for detecting selected ions in dilute aqueous solutions using single microcantilever experimental system. In this work it was shown that modifying the upper rim of the calix[4]arenes with a thioacetate end group allow calix[4]arenes to self-assemble on Au(111) forming complete highly ordered monolayers. It was also found that incubating the microcantilevers coated with 5 nm of Inconel and 40 nm of Au for 1 h in a 1.0 M solution of calix[4]arene produced the highest sensitivity. Methoxy-functionalized microcantilevers showed a definite preference for Ca²⁺ ions over other cationic guests and were able to detect trace concentration as low as 10⁻¹² M in aqueous solutions. Microcantilevers modified with ethoxy calix[4]arene displayed their highest sensitivity towards Sr²⁺ and to a lesser extent Ca²⁺ ions. Crown calix[4]arene-modified microcantilevers were however found to bind selectively towards Cs⁺ ions. In addition, the counter anion was also found to contribute to the deflection. For example methoxy calix[4]arene-modified microcantilever was found to be more sensitive to CaCl₂ over other water-soluble calcium salts such as Ca(NO₃)₂ , CaBr₂ and CaI₂. These findings suggest that the response of calix[4]arene-modified microcantilevers should be attributed to the target ionic species as a whole instead of only considering the specific cation and/or anion. Part II presents the development of a 16-microcantilever sensor setup. The implementation of this system involved the creation of data analysis software that incorporates data from the motorized actuator and a two-axis photosensitive detector to obtain the deflection signal originating from each individual microcantilever in the array. The system was shown to be capable of simultaneous measurements of multiple microcantilevers with different coatings. A functionalization unit was also developed that allows four microcantilevers in the array to be coated with an individual sensing layer one at the time. Because of the variability of the spring constants of different cantilevers within the array, results presented were quoted in units of surface stress unit in order to compare values between the microcantilevers in the array.

Ottimizzazione della reazione di Fenton mediante l’utilizzo di un sistema automatico di reazione

The research presented in this dissertation is aimed to the automation of the Fenton process. The Fenton reaction is finalized to the waste water pre-treatment in order to promote the abatement of the organic contaminants and make it more degradable. Reagents adopted are constituted by a mixture of iron ions and hydrogen peroxide and their effect is strictly influenced by several variables, such as: the reagents molar ratio and their quantities counterpoised to the substrate, temperature, pH, agitation, etc. Therefore, the optimization is far from being considered an easy procedure. The research was carried out using a batch configuration, through which the optimal [Fe2+]/[H2O2] and [substrate]/[H2O2] ratios were identified. Then, in order to improve the process, a semibatch configuration was performed. The preliminary results show that is possible to obtain a greater abatement efficiency for high organic burden using the semibatch configuration here proposed.

Os conventos sempre se (re)converteram

Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

Rivalidad de preeminencias entre el cabildo civil y eclesiástico en los cortejos procesionales del Corpus Christi. Antequera (siglo XVI)

Entre 1598 y 1606 la procesión del Corpus en Antequera quedó suspendida por desavenencias entre los miembros del concejo y el clero de la Colegiata por ocupar los mejores puestos y más cercanos a la Sagrada Forma para significar así su posición predominante en la sociedad del momento. Las alteraciones a describir en el presente artículo forman parte del proceso de institucionalización de una fiesta, cuyo culmen estético y simbólico se confirma durante el siglo XVII, bajo la ideología contrarreformista de Trento. Between 1598 and 1606 the Corpus Christi’s procession in Antequera was suspended because of disagreements between the members of the Council and the clergy. These disagreements focused on the matter of who must occupy the best positions in the procession (that is: as close to the Communion Bread as possible). These locations signify the status in that society. The changes described in this paper are part of the process of institutionalization of a festivity, which reach its crowning moment (aesthetically and symbolically) during the seventeenth century, under the ideology of Trento.

Dispersão de poluentes e seu monitoramento na agropecuária.

2007