993 resultados para 115-713A


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We present photoelectron spectroscopic and low energy electron diffraction measurements of water adsorption on flat Si samples of the orientations (001), (115), (113), (5,5,12) and (112) as well as on curved samples covering continuously the ranges (001)-(117) and (113)-(5,5,12)-(112). On all orientations, water adsorption is dissociative (OH and H) and non-destructive. On Si(001) the sticking coefficient S and the saturation coverage Theta(sat) are largest. On Si(001) and for small miscuts in the [110]-azimuth, S is constant nearly up to saturation which proves that the kinetics involves a weakly bound mobile precursor state. For (001)-vicinals with high miscut angles (9-13 degrees), the step structure breaks down, the precursor mobility is affected and the adsorption kinetics changed. On (115), (113), (5,5,12) and (112), the values of S and Theta(sat) are smaller which indicates that not all sites are able to dissociate and bind water. For (113) the shape of the adsorption curves Theta versus exposure shows the existence of two adsorption processes, one with mobile precursor kinetics and one with Langmuir-like kinetics. On (5,5,12), two processes with mobile precursor kinetics are observed which are ascribed to adsorption on different surface regions within the large surface unit cell. From the corresponding values of S and Theta(sat), data for structure models are deduced. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.

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运用推广的液滴模型来确定新核素288115及其α衰变链上核的衰变位垒,采用量子力学中处理α衰变的WKB方法,对该链上各原子核的α衰变半寿命进行了研究.计算结果表明推广的液滴模型结合WKB方法可以很好地在超重区符合α衰变半寿命的实验值.同时把推广的液滴模型的计算结果和采用密度相关的M3Y微观核力的结果做了详细的比较,宏观模型(推广的液滴模型)和微观模型(密度相关的M3Y微观核力)计算的α衰变半寿命以及实验值三者之间的符合是对新核288115及其α衰变链上核半寿命很好的检验.

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通过对 25MeV/u40Ar+115 In反应 θlab= 15°的邻近几何条件下的轻带电粒子和出射碎片之间的关联测量,观察到了两体相继衰变机制的存在.其中,轻带电粒子和碎片的关联角度谱在小角度成峰,最可几角度约2°左右;轻带电粒子能谱峰位,随关联对的质量增加而逐渐增高;质量较轻的原始产物容易受到激发,通过发射轻带电粒子而衰变成轻中等质量碎片.在两体相继衰变中,原始激发产物发射重质量的轻带电粒子的产额或几率要大于质量轻的轻带电粒子,具体测量发现,与轻带电粒子11,21H,31H和a粒子关联的碎片(Zf=4—14)总的产额比为1:1.3:1.78:7.57.

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在25MeV/u40Ar+115In反应的在平面和出平面大角度关联测量中,提取了碎片和α粒子之间的方位角关联函数和方位角非对称性因子.φ=90时,方位角关联函数呈现为最小值,表明在集体类转动效应影响下,反应产生的轻带电粒子和碎片优先在反应平面内发射.随着关联对质量的增加,在平面关联粒子的发射相对于束流轴不对称性逐渐增大.随着关联对质量的增加,相继衰变和粒子末态相互作用对φ=0的关联粒子对方位角关联函数值的影响逐渐降低并直至消失,同时集体转动效应增强,方位角非对称性增加.

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测量了 3 0MeV/u40 Ar束流轰击115 In反应靶时出射的中等质量碎片(IMF)的能谱 .通过比较在不同出射角度发射的同一种IMF的能谱 ,得到了IMF的发射机制随出射角的演化关系 .在假定运动源速度和出射离子库仑位垒不随出射角变化的条件下 ,通过改变发射源的强度和核温度参量完成了对实验测得能谱的运动源拟合 ,并详细讨论了 3个发射源所占份额和源强随出射角的演化关系 .

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从 2 5MeV/u4 0 Ar+115In反应前中角区出射碎片的能谱、角分布和Z电荷分布出发 ,讨论了碎片发射机制随出射角和核电荷数Z的渐进变化 ;用改进的量子分子动力学 (MQMD)模型研究了碎片角分布及Z电荷分布 ,理论计算和实验值整体上符合较好 ,但在前角区MQMD模型低估了碎片的产额 ,在中角区对于Z接近弹核的碎片 ,理论计算比实验值偏高 ;碎片产物的角分布及Z电荷分布还与统计模型GEMINI进行了比较 ,发现在前角区平衡蒸发的成分所占比例很小 ,中角区所占的比例有所增加 ,但仍然是较小的比例 .随着碎片核电荷数Z的减小 ,平衡核的蒸发成分逐渐减少 ,非平衡的中速成分逐渐占主导地位

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测量了 25MeV/u40 Ar+115 In,58 Ni,27 A1反应前中角区出射碎片的角分布和 元素 Z分布.用改进的量子分子动力学(MQMD)模型研究了碎片的角分布和 Z 分布.理论计算值和实验值整体上符合得很好,但在前角区,MQMD模型低估 了碎片的产额,在中角区对于Z接近弹核的碎片,理论计算值比实验值偏高.碎 片产物的角分布和Z分布还与统计蒸发模型GEMINI进行了比较,结果表明,在 前角区平衡蒸发成份所占的比例很小,中角区所占的比例有所增加,但仍然是较 小的比例.同时发现平衡蒸发成份随着出射碎片核电荷数Z的减小而逐渐减 少.

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The properties of the nuclei belonging to the newly observed nuclei starting from (288)115 have been studied with the generalized liquid drop model connected with WKB approximation. The calculated results have been compared with the results of the DDM3Y theory and the experimental data. The half lives of this new alpha decay chain have been well tested from the consistence of the macroscopic, microscopic and the experimental data.

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本实验使用放射化学方法测定了42 MeV/u (12)C与~(115)In相互作用靶余核的生成截面。借助高斯电荷分布的假设得到了靶余核的质量分布。将实验得到的质量分布与熔合碎裂模型和级联的两体衰变模型进行了比较。特别值得注意的是,使用统计的两体衰变模型Monte Carlo GEMINI程序计算第一次与实验结果符合得非常满意。同时计算结果也表明:在42MeV/u的轰击能量下,完全熔合对靶余核的产物仍然有很大的贡献。在同样的假设下,得到了靶余核的同位素分布。可以看到,同位素分布的宽度随靶余核原子序数的增加而增加,在此对利用中能重离子反应生成新的远离β稳定线的缺中子核素进行了讨论