829 resultados para Áreas naturais. Vista. Valor de uso. Valoração ecológica. Preços hedônicos


Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A porção média da Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul constitui-se numa região crítica em termos de planejamento de uso devido a uma estreita conjunção de fatores de ordem econômica, ambiental, social e histórico-cultural, estabelecida, em princípio, pela presença de um importante complexo estuarinolagunar. Nessa área, bem como no restante da zona costeira do Brasil, as diretrizes para o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais estão materializadas em leis e programas governamentais, dos quais o Plano Nacional de Gerenciamento Costeiro representa a linha mestra para as ações nos três níveis de governo. A exploração de recursos minerais nessa região é uma atividade antiga, relativamente de pouca expressão no contexto estadual, mas de grande significado social, econômico e cultural em nível regional, sustentando a demanda de vários municípios da região. Caracteriza-se principalmente pela exploração de areia e argila para uso na construção civil e para aterro, apresentando ainda potencialidade alta para exploração de turfa e minerais pesados. Com o objetivo de contribuir para a solução dos conflitos gerados por um modelo de exploração mineral ainda inconsistente com as demandas atuais de conservação e desenvolvimento, realizou-se uma análise ambiental integrada da área dos entornos do estuário da Laguna dos Patos, compreendendo os municípios de Pelotas, Rio Grande e São José do Norte. A análise considerou os marcos legais e institucionais, as características diferenciadas do meio físico-natural, os processos econômicos, sociais e culturais, as características da atividade de mineração na região e suas repercussões e interações no sistema ambiental como um todo. As informações disponíveis permitiram a geração de um banco de dados no Sistema de Informações Geográficas IDRISI 32®, na escala 1: 100.000, o qual forneceu a base para a análise interpretativa. Utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento obteve-se uma síntese dos diagnósticos realizados através da definição, mapeamento e descrição de 19 unidades de planejamento, denominadas unidades geoambientais, posteriormente detalhadas em 108 unidades físico-naturais. A síntese de uma grande quantidade de dados, espacializada na forma de um mapa digital, auxiliou a definição dos critérios para elaboração de um mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental relativa para a região. Este, aliado ao plano de informação que contém todas as áreas com restrição legal de uso, possibilitou o mapeamento das áreas mais críticas para gestão ambiental. Adicionalmente, considerando a potencialidade de recursos minerais para uso na construção civil e para aterro, os critérios que determinam a maior ou menor atratividade econômica para a sua exploração e as áreas mais críticas em termos de gestão ambiental, elaborou-se um mapa prescritivo que indica as áreas que devem ser consideradas prioritárias para um gerenciamento preventivo. Finalmente, a análise ambiental integrada permitiu a elaboração de um modelo de um plano de gestão para o setor, onde é apresentada uma estrutura seqüencial e ordenada do plano, exemplificada, em cada passo, com as informações disponíveis.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A presente Tese tem por objetivo propor um sistema de inovação permanente para a área do Agronegócio do setor da Horticultura da Região Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Este trabalho parte da suposição de que existe um potencial não explorado de inovação pelo trabalho atualizável mediante um modelo referencial composto por um conjunto de indutores denominados de INDILABs – Indutores da Inovação Laboral: a tecnologia, a gestão, o processo de cognição e a atitude e ação. A Tecnologia promove mudanças econômicas, políticas e culturais e influencia o trabalho, a vida e o processo de cognição. A Gestão promove a personalização dos indivíduos e desenvolver a criatividade. O Processo de Cognição contribui para articular e harmonizar os sistemas sociais e deve ser centrado nos valores éticos e humanos para que haja equilíbrio entre o ser e o seu valor de uso, enquanto que a Atitude e Ação buscam consolidar os movimentos mais criativos, autônomos, humanos, prazerosos e desafiadores nos espaços coletivos. Discute-se a essencialidade da capacidade de inovação para a continuidade dos sistemas produtivos, sendo considerada uma condição fundamental para a sobrevivência dos negócios, dos empregos, do trabalho e da renda. Relaciona-se o Estado com a inovação, afirmando que além de apoiar o desenvolvimento de atividades econômicas, dos indivíduos e da sociedade, ele deve assegurar a continuidade dos sistemas produtivos pela capacidade de inovação por meio e mediante o trabalho. Utilizando procedimentos metodológicos baseados no estruturalismo, buscou-se a estrutura subjacente às práticas dos trabalhos dos agricultores familiares e suas relações com o sistema de apoio ao desenvolvimento da inovação. A coleta de dados para a pesquisa foi realizada com base em entrevistas individuais e em grupos, formais e informais, através de seminário específico e da observação do contexto e exame de documentos. O modelo referencial de inovação proposto visa fundamentar a formulação de políticas públicas nas seguintes áreas: a) Desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo; b) Formação e Capacitação do agricultor e de mão de obra; c) Promover a cooperação e inter-relacionamento institucional; d) Comunicação e difusão; e) Apoio a Comercialização; e f) Atuar em programas de diversificação da Produção.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This study aimed to compare the development of crab and tree communities of two restored mangrove areas, one planted with Rhizophora mangle and the other naturally recovered, and also to compare the predation of Grapsid crab Goniopsis cruentata and the Ocypodid Ucides cordatus over the propagules of three mangrove trees: Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia schaueriana e Laguncularia racemosa. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that Goniopsis predation is more important that Ucides predation, and that these consumers have antagonist effects over propagule consumption. In each area, 10 quadrates were selected at random to analyze tree richness, diameter, height, tree biomass and crab richness and density five years after restoration experiment start. Results show that tree height, biomass and crab density were significantly higher in artificially restored area. No significant differences were observed in crab species richness between areas, but higher tree richness was observed in self-recovered area. Results suggest that planting propagules of Rhizophora can significantly increase tree recovering if the aim was increase tree biomass and crab density, which can accelerate return of ecological functionality. Goniopsis is a more important propagule predator than Ucides both in natural and restored areas. The effects of Goniopis were higher in absence of Ucides, due to negative interactions among these two predator species. The preference of Goniopsis by Avicennia and Laguncularia can favor the dominance of Rhizophora observed in Neotropical mangroves. This study suggests that propagule predation by Goniopsis should be controlled in restoration programs, if dominance of Rhizophora is undesirable respect to more rich tree communities

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The aim of the present study was to identify the main plant use categories of native varieties from the Caatinga biome, in the rural community of Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte state (Northeastern Brazil). Semi-structured and structured interviews were used to gather information from local specialists about the use of the plants. The uses of 69 species are described by 23 observers (woodsmen, herb doctors, healers, farmers and housewives) aged 35 years or more. These species were allocated to seven categories: medicinal, wood plants, nutritional, mystic, fuel, forage plants and domestic use. The most represented families were Fabaceae (14 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (6 spp.), Cucurbitaceae (3 spp.) and Cactaceae (3 spp.). The calculation of use- value showed that the cumaru (Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A. C. Sm) and the jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir) were the most commonly mentioned, in addition to having the largest number of uses. The data obtained confirm the potential of the plants from the Seridó region and reinforce the importance of biodiversity for rural communities, underscoring the need for local plant management

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The loss of Earth´s biodiversity is a major concern for the international scientific community and megadiverse countries like Brazil are paramount for discussions about the overall situation of the planet. The Caatinga biome is probably one of the most threatened in Brazil and the implementation of Conservation Units (CU) represents a measure for protecting its natural resources and biodiversity. The Station Ecological of Seridó (ESEC-Serido) is one of the few CU in the Caatinga of Rio Grande do Norte State (NE Brazil) and interacts with several neighboring communities and settlements. However the ESEC does not integrate environmental perception feedback from the local communities in its management plan. Considering this, the present articles aims at identifying the perceptions and concepts of such communities regarding environmental issues and biodiversity as well as indicate strategies to improve the administration of this CU. In order to achieve these goals, a review of the specialized literature was carried out and a research tool based on Environmental Perception was developed in the form of structured interviews applied to the persons from communities neighboring the ESEC. These interviews were later processed through content analysis. The concepts and perceptions obtained through this analysis show that the people from the environs are aware of the main problems faced by ESEC-Seridó, as well as the strategies to address them

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Studies on Brazilian biodiversity are still very few and can observe the difference of knowledge between the different regions of the country. This affirmation can be verified in the investigation to identify the rare species in Brazil and the key biodiversity areas (ACBs). In that study were identified for Brasil 2.256 rare species and 752 ACBs. The Rio Grande do Norte (RN) was the only Brazilian state that has not been identified any rare species and no ACBs, possibly due to the lack of floristic studies in this state. A particular area was selected for this study: an area of ecological tension with savanna physiognomy in Rio do Fogo, RN. This savanna community is represented in RN in a fragment and immersed in restinga and caatinga and was identified and described only through of radar imagens there are no studies to date in loco . We have prepared the following questions about this community savanna: 1) The region delimited and described by through of radar images by the RADAMBRASIL, 1976, can be associated of the Cerrado, in terms of floristic ?; 2) What is the floristic composition of this area? This area includes rare species, endemic or endangered? 3) What is the geographical and phytogeographical distribution of plant species registered in this area? 4) Those plant species registered are endemic or have affinity with other areas phytoecological Brazilian? To answer these questions we performed a floristic inventory of the August 2007 to September/2009. The results are presented in two chapters (manuscripts). The first chapter, titled "The Savannah Rio Grande do Norte: floristic links with other plant formations in the Northeast and Center-West Brazil" was submitted to the Revista Brasileira de Botância. Chapter 1 discusses the phytogeographical distribution of the species, by comparing floristic studies conducted in the Cerrado, Caatinga and Restinga in the Northeast and Cerrado of the Central Brazil. The analysis of data of this study and compilation with other studies indicated that: i) the record of 94 plant species; ii) of total species, about 64% are associated with the Cerrado, the second specialized bibliography, and about 78% as the List of Species of Flora of Brazil. However, about 73% of total species (94) are also distributed in the Caatinga, the Atlantic forest 64%, the Amazon forest 64%, the Pantanal 15% and the Pampa 12%. Floristically the data show that the community studied is influenced by other floras, has a structure where grasses dominate and also because of his appearance the same savanna then be classified as a Savana gramíneo-lenhosa do tabuleiro . Chapter 2, titled "Considerations on the flora of a savanna community in Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil: Subsidy key area for conservation" was submitted to the Revista Natureza e Conservação. This has the objective of improve the knowledge of flora of Rio Grande do Norte and to identify possible rare species and consequently increase the key areas of biodiversity in Brazil. The data indicated that: i) of 94 species registered in the study area, 40 were new records for the Rio Grande do Norte state; ii) These citations to unpublished state, Stylosanthes montevidensis Vogel (Fabaceae) and Aristida laevis (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae) are indicated for the first time to the Northeast of Brazil; iii) are registered in the area 24 species endemic to Brazil and 63 non-endemic; iv) Aspilia procumbens Baker (Asteraceae) registered in the area is considered a restricted species and micro endemic Rio Grande do Norte, ie rare species; v) Aspilia procumbens is also cited in the category of critically endangered species and Stilpnopappus cearensis Hubber (Asteraceae) a species vulnerable to extinction. This study shows a new area phytoecological in Rio Grande do Norte and indicates the area's potential to contribute with the sites of global significance for biodiversity conservation, either locally, regionally and nationally. This will certainly contribute to respond some targets set by the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation and the Convention on Biological Diversity such as the inventory of vegetal diversity in a region with little collection, which will provide data that contributes to questions and themes related to biodiversity.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

About 40% of the earth is occupied by tropical and subtropical forests, including 42% of dry forests, where there is Caatinga Bioma, contemplating tree forests and shrubs, with xerophytic characteristics. Study and conservations of Caatinga biologic diversity is one of the greatest challenges of Brazilian science because those are, proportionally, the less studied among natural areas, with most of the scientific effort centered in very few points around the main cities in the area and also because it is the less protected natural Brazilian area. The environmental degradation is constantly increasing and has its rhythm accelerated by the men appropriation to meet or not their own needs. Therefore, species conservation should be based in three principles: the use of natural resources by present generation, waste prevention and use of the natural resources to benefit the majority of the citizens. Among the strategies to species conservation, we can mention the ex situ conservation , in which the conservation of genetic resources may be realized outside of the natural environment in which the species occur, and in situ conservation , or, in other words, in the places where the species occur. In ex situ conservation, the germplasm collections are maintained in the field and/or in laboratories (conservation chambers), and this mainly conserves intraspecific diversity (genetic variance), the ex situ collections are continuously enriched by collection activities, introduction and germplasm interchange; the in situ conservation preserving ecosystems and habitats, maintaining and recovering native population of species of interest. So, the objective of this paper is the search for strategies to the conservation of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia B. (sabiá) using instruments of environmental perception and plant biotechnology, as mechanisms of in situ and ex situ conservation. To environmental perception, were realized open, semi-structured and qualitative interviews. The questions included socioeconomic data and knowledge of Sabiá specie. To plant biotechnology, Sabiá seed collection were realized in different location to formation of a germplasm bank. The specie micropropagation was made from nodal segment of plants from the matrizeiro. About the knowledge of rural populations and the use of Sabiá plant, some preferences occurred from speeches that the plant possesses a firm wood, not attacked by termites, legalized for exploration by the Brazilian environmental organ (IBAMA), and is a native specie. This research found the rural population has knowledge about Sabiá specie and the natural resources are exhausting. The proposal that the rural community brought was the donation of the Sabiá specie seeding initiating on the rain season, in which the seeding would be plated between the lots, in individual plantations. To the formation of a matrix bank, plant biothecnology brought answers favorable to Sabiá specie seeding, with the formation of multiple shoots

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This dissertation is about low-income rental housing vilas in the South Zone in the city of Natal. Vilas are a string of houses, built privately in an urban plot of land, usually a backyard, facing a narrow street beco. This type of housing is originated in the 19th century in the Brazilian scenario. In Natal, this has become more popular since the late 1960s. This study is aimed at analyzing the urban integration of the vilas, considering that these house a low income population, vis à vis the speedy development of Natal s most economically dynamic area. The study starts with a discussion of the production of space, taking into consideration categories such as use value, exchange value, commodity and land rent. Field work was undertaken through structured interviews with dwellers of vilas in Nova Descoberta and Ponta Negra neighbourhoods. Owners of vilas were also interviewed. Data collected indicated worrisome housing conditions. Vilas, in the areas researched, are increasingly becoming unwelcome, constituting guetos in a place where landscape is changing rapidly. Gentrification is fast under way, first because of rise in rent and taxes; second because of general rise in living costs

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA