Boris Vian adaptateur de la légende arthurienne : étude comparée de la pièce de théâtre et de l'opéra Le Chevalier de Neige

Ce mémoire interroge la posture d'adaptateur de Boris Vian, encore fort méconnue. En 1953, il a repris à son compte la littérature arthurienne afin d'écrire – en réponse à une commande de la part du Festival dramatique de Caen – une pièce de théâtre, Le Chevalier de Neige. Par la suite, cette pièce est devenue un opéra, produit à Nancy en 1957. Malgré le succès de ces deux spectacles, le souvenir de cette œuvre n'a pas dépassé la mort de son auteur. Il n'en reste aujourd'hui que les textes et les partitions musicales, puisqu'aucun des spectacles n'a été enregistré. L'objectif de ce mémoire est de mettre en lumière ce travail d'adaptation et de réécriture d'un auteur phare du XXème siècle, connu principalement pour ses romans et ses chansons, et qui a consacré ses dernières années à la création d'une œuvre globale alliant texte, musique et art de la scène. Qu'est-il possible de savoir sur l'entreprise du Chevalier de Neige? Quel est le poids de l'intertexte médiéval et contemporain dans ces deux réécritures? Quels furent les procédés d'adaptation mis en œuvre dans l'élaboration de cette pièce, puis de cet opéra? C'est à toutes ces questions que nous nous proposons de répondre, afin de découvrir l'importance et l'intérêt du Chevalier de Neige dans le parcours littéraire de Boris Vian.

Efficience et normativité : examen de la légitimité de l'utilisation de la notion d’efficience économique pour l'évaluation de politiques publiques

Ce texte a pour but de monter que l’efficience telle qu’utilisée par les économistes dans le cadre de recommandations de politiques publiques suppose toujours l’adoption de certains critères moraux. Je voudrai d’abord montrer que les recommandations des économistes en matière de politiques publiques ont déjà été identifiées aux recommandations de l’utilitarisme. Plusieurs économistes ont voulu abstraire leur science de toute discussion morale au XXe siècle. Cette séparation entre faits et valeur s’est soldée par l’apparition de l’efficience de Pareto, grandement utilisée dans le cadre de l’économie du bien-être. Cependant, cette utilisation de l’efficience suppose à la fois qu’il est moralement désirable d’améliorer le bien-être des individus et que ce bien-être peut être évalué en termes de satisfaction des préférences, ce qui constitue un jugement de nature éthique et morale qui ne peut être fait seulement à partir de faits scientifiques. L’efficience ne peut plutôt être utilisée de manière non moralement discutable seulement si l’on examine au préalable les objectifs sociaux que l’utilisation de cette mesure présuppose. D’un point de vue scientifique, l’économiste qui veut utiliser une mesure d’efficience doit donc toujours prendre pour acquis les éléments normatifs qui sont intégrés aux calculs d’efficience. La discussion concernant la pertinence de ces objectifs sociaux ainsi que l’importance relative de chacun des objectifs sociaux est une discussion portant avant tout sur des questions morales qui ne sont pas du domaine des sciences économiques.

Boris Vian adaptateur de la légende arthurienne : étude comparée de la pièce de théâtre et de l'opéra Le Chevalier de Neige

Ce mémoire interroge la posture d'adaptateur de Boris Vian, encore fort méconnue. En 1953, il a repris à son compte la littérature arthurienne afin d'écrire – en réponse à une commande de la part du Festival dramatique de Caen – une pièce de théâtre, Le Chevalier de Neige. Par la suite, cette pièce est devenue un opéra, produit à Nancy en 1957. Malgré le succès de ces deux spectacles, le souvenir de cette œuvre n'a pas dépassé la mort de son auteur. Il n'en reste aujourd'hui que les textes et les partitions musicales, puisqu'aucun des spectacles n'a été enregistré. L'objectif de ce mémoire est de mettre en lumière ce travail d'adaptation et de réécriture d'un auteur phare du XXème siècle, connu principalement pour ses romans et ses chansons, et qui a consacré ses dernières années à la création d'une œuvre globale alliant texte, musique et art de la scène. Qu'est-il possible de savoir sur l'entreprise du Chevalier de Neige? Quel est le poids de l'intertexte médiéval et contemporain dans ces deux réécritures? Quels furent les procédés d'adaptation mis en œuvre dans l'élaboration de cette pièce, puis de cet opéra? C'est à toutes ces questions que nous nous proposons de répondre, afin de découvrir l'importance et l'intérêt du Chevalier de Neige dans le parcours littéraire de Boris Vian.

Efficience et normativité : examen de la légitimité de l'utilisation de la notion d’efficience économique pour l'évaluation de politiques publiques

Ce texte a pour but de monter que l’efficience telle qu’utilisée par les économistes dans le cadre de recommandations de politiques publiques suppose toujours l’adoption de certains critères moraux. Je voudrai d’abord montrer que les recommandations des économistes en matière de politiques publiques ont déjà été identifiées aux recommandations de l’utilitarisme. Plusieurs économistes ont voulu abstraire leur science de toute discussion morale au XXe siècle. Cette séparation entre faits et valeur s’est soldée par l’apparition de l’efficience de Pareto, grandement utilisée dans le cadre de l’économie du bien-être. Cependant, cette utilisation de l’efficience suppose à la fois qu’il est moralement désirable d’améliorer le bien-être des individus et que ce bien-être peut être évalué en termes de satisfaction des préférences, ce qui constitue un jugement de nature éthique et morale qui ne peut être fait seulement à partir de faits scientifiques. L’efficience ne peut plutôt être utilisée de manière non moralement discutable seulement si l’on examine au préalable les objectifs sociaux que l’utilisation de cette mesure présuppose. D’un point de vue scientifique, l’économiste qui veut utiliser une mesure d’efficience doit donc toujours prendre pour acquis les éléments normatifs qui sont intégrés aux calculs d’efficience. La discussion concernant la pertinence de ces objectifs sociaux ainsi que l’importance relative de chacun des objectifs sociaux est une discussion portant avant tout sur des questions morales qui ne sont pas du domaine des sciences économiques.

Escritura entre rejas: literatura carcelaria cubana del siglo XX

The present dissertation examines literary perspectives, as well as textual and extra textual mechanisms of the Cuban Prison Literature of the twentieth century. By the term “Prison Literature” I refer to the literary works that have been developed inside the prison space –physically inside of it– and to those that take as a focal point jail itself. In other words, literary works about imprisonment created in order to reminisce about a prison experience or to recreate it, and imagine it from the outside. Likewise, I discuss the political, social and cultural context of each of the different periods where the works presented are framed, as well as the metaphorical projection of the concept of “prison” in various significant levels (the island, the city, the body and the language). Our corpus consists of a myriad Cuban intellectual works from the XXth century that we consider to be representative of the Cuban prison literary tradition, which dates back to the nineteenth century –mainly through the figure of José Martí and his poetic testimony El presidio politico en Cuba (1871)– the same continues during the twenty-first century with writers as María Elena Cruz Varela, Roberto Jesús Quiñones, Raúl Rivero, Ángel Santiesteban and Agnieska Hernández...

Gender, class and the household economy in Scotland in the ‘Age of affluence’

From early 1950s to the early 1970s Britain is said to have experienced an ‘age of affluence’. Whilst material conditions for many households improved in these decades, this detailed examination of budget management processes shows that for many working-class households, these gains were the product of hard work and careful money management. Using oral history methodology, this thesis explores lived experiences of the household economy to illuminate these qualifications to ‘affluence’. In so doing, this thesis advances analysis which considers the relationship between the macro-level economic conditions of affluence and the everyday economic realities of households in the post-war period. The thesis examines the operation of the household economy and shows how working-class households utilised domestic labour, budgeting, paid work, credit and thrift to make ends meet, as well as to achieve ‘affluence’. Further, by exploring these areas of the household economy, this thesis shows that gendered ideology continued to preserve power and material inequalities between men and women. Although considerable change did occur, particularly involvement in the paid labour market, domestic responsibilities continued to be an important focus of women’s identities and the effective performance of these duties by women remained central to the success of the household. This thesis represents a fresh focus on how the exploration of everyday life, including the salience of ideological continuities in shaping experience, can qualify and refine our understanding of twentieth century economic and social change, and contributes to socio-historical understandings of ‘affluence’ and its intersections with the household, gender, and class.

New insight on the underdrawing of 16th Flemish-Portuguese easel paintings by combined surface analysis and microanalytical techniques

This paper focusses on the study of the underdrawings of 16th century easel paintings attributed to the workshop of the Portuguese-Flemish Master Frei Carlos. This investigation encompasses multidisciplinary research that relates the results of surface exams (infrared reflectography, standard light photography and infrared photography) with analytical investigations. The surface analysis of Frei Carlos’ underdrawings by infrared reflectography has shown heterogeneous work, revealing two different situations: (1) an abundant and expressive underdrawing, revealing a Flemish influence and (2) a simple and outlined underdrawing. This preliminary research raised an important question related to this Portuguese-Flemish workshop and to the analytical approach: Is the underdrawing's heterogeneity, as observed in the reflectograms, related to different artists or is this rather an effect that is produced due to the use of different materials in the underdrawing's execution? Consequently, if different materials were used, how can we have access to the hidden underdrawings? In order to understand the reasons for this dissemblance, chemical analysis of micro-samples collected in underdrawing areas and representing both situations were carried out by optical microscopy, micro Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μ-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (μ-Raman). Taking into account the different possibilities and practical and theoretical limitations of surface and punctual examinations in the study of easel painting underdrawings, the methodology of research was adjusted, sometimes resulting in a re-analysis of experimental results. This research shows the importance of combining multispectral surface exams and chemical analysis in the understanding of the artistic creative processes of 16th century easel paintings.

Technological characterization of molded islamic pottery from Iberian Peninsula

The thesis examines the technical aspects of unglazed molded ceramics from Mértola, in the context of Islamic archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula (Almohad period, end of 12th and the beginning of 13th century). Ceramics of the time period under discussion (12th – 13th century) are understudied, including in what concern to shaping and firing of ceramic vessels, the origin of raw materials used in ceramics and glazes, and decoration methods such as slip painting and/or colored glazes. Moreover, the use of archaeometry tools is rare. Along with providing a general picture of molded ceramic production in Mértola, this work provides a new dimension to the discipline of Islamic ceramic studies by the analytical tool used and demonstrating the importance of archaeological ceramics of the western peripheries to the understanding the production of ceramics and the transmission of knowledge and cultural traditions within the Islamic caliphate. The chemical and mineralogical characterization of 12th/13th century Almohad unglazed molded ware from Mértola was accomplished through multi – analytical approach combining SEM, Powder/uXRD and LA-ICP-MS methods. In this paper unglazed and glazed samples were analyzed but the attention was given to unglazed specimens, while the glazed samples were used for the comparison with the previous group in order to determine possible similarities or dissimilarities, thus providing enough data to discuss about technical aspects and potential provenance; Resumo: A tese debruça-se sobre os aspetos técnicos de cerâmica de molde não-vidrada de Mértola, no contexto da arqueologia islâmica da Península Ibérica (período Almóada, final de XII e início do século XIII). A cerâmica do período em discussão (séculos XII-XIII) é pouco estudada inclusive no que concerne ao fabrico e à cozedura, à de fonte de matérias-primas, na pasta ou nos esmaltes e aos métodos de decoração, como pintura, presença de engobes ou esmaltes. Além disso, o uso de ferramentas de Arqueometria é raro. Para fornecer uma visão geral da produção de cerâmica moldada em Mértola, este trabalho oferece uma nova dimensão para a disciplina de cerâmica islâmicas pelas ferramentas analíticas utilizadas. Demonstrando a importância da cerâmica arqueológica da periferia ocidental para a compreensão da produção cerâmica e a transmissão de conhecimentos e tradições culturais no califado islâmico. A caracterização mineralógica e química das cerâmicas de molde e não-vidrada, Almóada, dos séculos XII-XIII de Mértola foi realizada através de uma abordagem multi-analítica que combina métodos de SEM-EDS, uXRD e LA-ICP-MS. Neste trabalho, as cerâmicas vidradas e não-vidradas foram analisadas conjuntamente, dando mais atenção aos espécimes não vidrados. As amostras de cerâmicas vidradas foram utilizados para a comparação com o grupo anterior, a fim de determinar as possíveis semelhanças ou diferenças, proporcionando, assim, dados suficientes para discutir os aspetos técnicos e o potencial de proveniência das cerâmicas não vidradas

Transatlantic Brokers. A global history of Jean Monnet’s network 1914-1943

Jean Monnet, possibly the most important actor during the first post-war decades of European integration, is constantly described in the literature as part of a network that included several influential individuals in Europe and in the United States who, at different moments, held key positions. An important aspect in this regard is that some of Monnet’s transatlantic friends promoted European integration and contributed to a cross-fertilization process across the Atlantic. Considering that most of the authors either list a number of people as being part of this network, or focus on particular individuals’ relationship with Monnet, it is fair to ask to what extent his network helped him in pursuing his goals, if Monnet was simply accepted, and why, in already existing networks, if we can consider his as a transatlantic working group and if we can retrace in this story elements of continuity and long durée that can contribute to the historiography of early European Integration. Considering new trends and interpretations that highlight the role played by networks, examination of Monnet’s techniques and his reliance on his transatlantic connections reveal important findings about his relationship with policymakers, shading also a light on important features of XX century diplomatic and transatlantic history. This dissertation’s attempt, therefore, is to define these as elements of continuity throughout the formative years of one of founding fathers of the Integration process.

Victorian letter writing and its representation in literature and painting: the case study of love letters

One of the main features of nineteenth-century fiction is the quasi-total disappearance of the epistolary novel that had had its heydays in the previous century. For this reason, some scholars have declared the “death” of the letter in literature after the transitional romantic period. However, Victorian novels overflow with letters that are embedded, quoted in part or described and commented on by narrators or characters. Even when its content is not revealed to the reader, the letter becomes a signifier loaded with meanings, also and particularly so, when it is burnt, torn, hidden, found or buried. The Postal Reform of 1839-40 caused the number of letters sent every year in Britain to grow from 75 to 410 million in only 14 years, and the mediatic campaign that supported it drew the attention of the population to the material aspects concerning this means of communication. Newspapers became more affordable too and they promoted a taste for sensationalism that often involved the “spectacularization” of private correspondence. Starting from an excursus on the history of the letter aimed at identifying the key aspects of the genre, this work deals with some real love correspondences from people belonging to different classes in the period from 1840 to the 1870s, to then analyse their fictional and pictorial counterparts. The general picture that emerges from this analysis is that of a Victorian society where letters were able to break down the boundaries between high and low forms of cultural expressions and where, more than ever, letters were present in people’s everyday lives as well as in the art and literature they enjoyed.

Innovation in aquaculture. Modeling the adoption and implementation processes of innovations in the Italian aquaculture sector

Since the turn of the century, fisheries have maintained a steady growth rate, while aquaculture has experienced a more rapid expansion. Aquaculture can offer EU consumers more diverse, healthy, and sustainable food options, some of which are more popular elsewhere. To develop the sector, the EU is investing heavily. The EU supports innovative projects that promote the sustainable development of seafood sectors and food security. Priority 3 promotes sector development through innovation dissemination. This doctoral dissertation examined innovation transfer in the Italian aquaculture sector, specifically the adoption of innovative tools, using a theoretical model to better understand the complexity of these processes. The work focused on innovation adoption, emphasising that it is the end of a well-defined process. The Awareness Knowledge Adoption Implementation Effectiveness (AKAIE) model was created to better analyse post-adoption phases and evaluate technology adoption implementation and impact. To identify AKAIE drivers and barriers, aquaculture actors were consulted. "Perceived complexity"—barriers to adoption that are strongly influenced by contextual factors—has been used to examine their perspectives (i.e. socio-economic, institutional, cultural ones). The new model will contextualise the sequence based on technologies, entrepreneur traits, corporate and institutional contexts, and complexity perception, the sequence's central node. Technology adoption can also be studied by examining complexity perceptions along the AKAIE sequence. This study proposes a new model to evaluate the diffusion of a given technology, offering the policy maker the possibility to be able to act promptly across the process. The development of responsible policies for evaluating the effectiveness of innovation is more necessary than ever, especially to orient strategies and interventions in the face of major scenarios of change.

A concepção estratégico-tática no handebol : implicações para a formação de jogadores inteligentes

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Genese e consolidação da educação fisica na escola brasileira de 1. e 2. graus : a questão das leis

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

O corpo cria, descobre e dança com Laban e Freinet

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

A estrutura esportiva no Estado do Parana : da formação dos clubes esportivos

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física