Uma memória ímpar: a trajetória de Arthur Napoleão na sociabilidade musical de dois continentes (1843-1925)

Essa tese tem como objetivo primordial estudar a trajetória musical do pianista português Arthur Napoleão (1843-1925), desde a sua iniciação musical na cidade natal do Porto, até o falecimento no Rio de Janeiro em 1925. Discute-se aqui a relevância da inserção do pianista e de sua música nos meio sócios-culturais dos países da Europa e Américas, em cujas cidades se apresentou durante os primeiros quinze anos de sua carreira. Do mesmo modo, estuda-se também as circunstâncias da permanência do notável intérprete no Brasil, como imigrante radicado, desde 1868, bem como se deu a consolidação da sua nova perspectiva laboral no campo da música, como empreendedor e mediador cultural. E ainda por meio da organização de estabelecimentos comerciais voltados para a venda de pianos e partituras musicais, que se tornaram importantes espaços de sociabilidade musical na Corte, depois capital federal da República, ao longo de sua vida. As numerosas e variadas fontes aqui utilizadas são caudatárias do texto autobiográfico legado por Arthur Napoleão, de 1907. Essas "Memórias", ao mesmo tempo fonte de informação e objeto de estudo, possibilitam traçar, pelo exame vis-à-vis com a documentação restante, a trajetória artística de Arthur Napoleão, desde Portugal até o Brasil, no universo sócio-cultural em transformação, da segunda metade do século XIX ao primeiro quarto do XX.

Influence of Extracellular Matrix Components on the Expression of Integrins and Regeneration of Adult Retinal Ganglion Cells

Purpose Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are exposed to injury in a variety of optic nerve diseases including glaucoma. However, not all cells respond in the same way to damage and the capacity of individual RGCs to survive or regenerate is variable. In order to elucidate factors that may be important for RGC survival and regeneration we have focussed on the extracellular matrix (ECM) and RGC integrin expression. Our specific questions were: (1) Do adult RGCs express particular sets of integrins in vitro and in vivo? (2) Can the nature of the ECM influence the expression of different integrins? (3) Can the nature of the ECM affect the survival of the cells and the length or branching complexity of their neurites? Methods Primary RGC cultures from adult rat retina were placed on glass coverslips treated with different substrates: Poly-L-Lysine (PL), or PL plus laminin (L), collagen I (CI), collagen IV (CIV) or fibronectin (F). After 10 days in culture, we performed double immunostaining with an antibody against beta III-Tubulin to identify the RGCs, and antibodies against the integrin subunits: alpha V, alpha 1, alpha 3, alpha 5, beta 1 or beta 3. The number of adhering and surviving cells, the number and length of the neurites and the expression of the integrin subunits on the different substrates were analysed. Results PL and L were associated with the greatest survival of RGCs while CI provided the least favourable conditions. The type of substrate affected the number and length of neurites. L stimulated the longest growth. We found at least three different types of RGCs in terms of their capacity to regenerate and extend neurites. The different combinations of integrins expressed by the cells growing on different substrata suggest that RGCs expressed predominantly alpha 1 beta 1 or alpha 3 beta 1 on L, alpha 1 beta 1 on CI and CIV, and alpha 5 beta 3 on F. The activity of the integrins was demonstrated by the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Conclusions Adult rat RGCs can survive and grow in the presence of different ECM tested. Further studies should be done to elucidate the different molecular characteristics of the RGCs subtypes in order to understand the possible different sensitivity of different RGCs to damage in diseases like glaucoma in which not all RGCs die at the same time.

Enseñanza-aprendizaje musical: una visión de los docentes de instrumento en los conservatorios profesionales

471 p.

Expression and Localization of Opioid Receptors in Male Germ Cells and the Implication for Mouse Spermatogenesis

The presence of endogenous opioid peptides in different testicular cell types has been extensively characterized and provides evidence for the participation of the opioid system in the regulation of testicular function. However, the exact role of the opioid system during the spermatogenesis has remained controversial since the presence of the mu-, delta-and kappa-opioid receptors in spermatogenic cells was yet to be demonstrated. Through a combination of quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry approaches, we report for the first time the presence of active mu-, deltaand kappa-opioid receptors in mouse male germ cells. They show an exposition time-dependent response to opioid agonist, hence suggesting their active involvement in spermatogenesis. Our results contribute to understanding the role of the opioid receptors in the spermatogenesis and could help to develop new strategies to employ the opioid system as a biochemical tool for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.