The Vietnamese shrimp trade: livelihoods analysis of stakeholders and market chain analysis

Aquaculture and capture fisheries in Vietnam have been increasing fast in the last decade, especially aquaculture growth rate is 12% for the 1999 – 2003 period, contributing a significant part into the hunger eradication and poverty reduction1. Vietnam is to be ranked into one of the countries potential to produce the aquatic economic in the world, and the fact is that, after 40 years of establishing, the fisheries sector has made remarkable contributions to the country. By the list, at the moment the aquatic products make up about 4 - 5% of GDP and create job opportunities for over 3 three million employees (VASEP, 2004), in which the largest contribution is from shrimp farming. [PDF contains 124 pages.]

Report of the second STREAM regional conference. Tagaytay City, Philippines 8-10 June 2003

The Second STREAM Regional Conference was held in Tagaytay City, Philippines, from 8-10 June 2003 with the participation of 23 people from Australia, Cambodia, India, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam and Yunnan (China). Following a regional overview of STREAM’s themes, country partners, donors and funding, and activities, participants visited four “stations” on the themes of livelihoods, institutions, policy development, and communications, working in groups representing National Coordinators, Communications Hub Managers, and Partners. They engaged in discussions with a “station leader” and each other to learn about and comment on objectives, activities, outcomes and outputs, and to consider issues that need addressing in STREAM. (PDF has 49 pages.)

A livelihoods study of fishers and farmers in Long An Province

This is the report of a livelihoods study team working together with people from two villages in Long An Province, Vietnam. The study is based on information provided by the villagers, who shared their knowledge and spoke about real problems they face with their livelihoods. This study was conducted from 11-20 October 2001. The team worked with key informants in two communes, Thuan Nghia Hoa and My Thanh Dong, who volunteered to participate and represented the 177 households in the village. (PDF contains 40 pages)

A livelihoods study of fishers and farmers in Quang Tri Province

This is the report of a livelihoods study team working together with villagers from two communes in Quang Tri Province, Vietnam: Ta Long Commune in Dakrong District and A Tuc Commune in Huong Hoa District. The study is based on information provided by members of the communes, who shared their knowledge and spoke about real problems they face with their livelihoods. This study was conducted from 10-22 October 2001. The team worked with key informants in two communes who volunteered to participate and represented the households in the village. (PDF contains 31 pages)

A livelihoods study of fishers and farmers in Thai Nguyen Province

This is the report of a livelihoods study team working together with members of two communes in Quang Tri Province, Vietnam. The study is based on information provided by the commune members, who shared their knowledge and spoke about real problems they face with their livelihoods. The study was conducted from 10-30 October 2001. The team worked with key informants in two communes, Dan Tien in Vo Nhia District and Phuong Tien in Dinh Hoa District, who participated in discussions and represented households in the commune. The livelihoods studies in Dan Tien and Phuong Tien communes explored existing human, labor and natural resources as well as other factors affecting people’s livelihoods. (PDF contains 32 pages)

Symposium on participatory approaches to reservoir fisheries management: issues, challenges and policies. Dambulla, Sri Lanka, 04-06 Oct. 2004 Session I. Community-based fisheries management; experience in other countries: presentation on STREAM Vietnam’s experience

Established in early 2002, STREAM Vietnam has so far attained a number of good experiences and lessons in using participatory approaches for its work. The Country Office has been able to link to a wide range of stakeholders, and is working hard to build close relationships amongst them, so that institutional entities can better support the livelihoods of poor aquatic resources users, and support disadvantaged groups of people to improve their living standards by themselves. Reservoir fisheries and co-management are at early stage in Vietnam, but in certain places and industries co-management has brought about successful results by involving proactive participation of communities. Situated on the same continent and having many similarities, the interaction in agriculture and fisheries sector between Vietnam and Sri Lanka has brought the two countries closer. Being members of the STREAM family, there are great opportunities for exchange of experiences and lessons towards sustainable management of reservoir resources. (PDF has 11 pages.)

Sustainable Aquaculture for Poverty Alleviation (SAPA): Strategy and implementation

There is general agreement amongst Government and many donors that aquaculture and improved aquatic resources management can make a significant and direct impact on poverty reduction and hunger eradication in Vietnam. The key policy issue is to better support poor and vulnerable groups who depend on or could make use of aquatic resources through the use of the livelihoods perspective. To address this issue the Ministry of Fisheries of Vietnam (MOFI) has prepared this Sustainable Aquaculture for Poverty Alleviation strategy - the SAPA strategy. (Pdf contains 54 pages).

The improved management of small-scale cage culture in Asia: final technical report

The purpose of the project is to develop sustained small-scale cage fish culture in inland and coastal waters through improved understanding of the social, institutional and resource environment of resource poor groups. Two Asian countries, Bangladesh (inland systems) and Vietnam (marine), were studied with this workshop bringing together both sides of the project together with representatives of collaborative institutions, government departments and universities. Addressing the overall aim of producing guidelines for the planning and extension of cage aquaculture in Asia a combination of group work and plenary discussion was conducted producing the following outputs. 1) An assessment of cage aquaculture potential, 2) Development options for small-scale cage culture, 3) A review of tools and methodologies and 4) Policy initiatives for sustainable cage culture development. Key issues raised were the use of outputs as a guide to be adapted to regional circumstances to facilitate farmer and extension worker discussion and not as a rigid methodology. The degree of linkage between development, research and government institutions was also considered a crucial factor in benefiting the research and development of cage culture at the local, regional and national level and vital in affecting the future policies by both development and government institutions. [PDF contains 242 pages]

Control of bacterial disease in small scale fresh-water aquaculture: Project R0754. Project completion report December 1998 - May 1999

The work presented here represents an 18-month study to examine the relationship between environmental conditions, bacterial load in the water and bacteria levels in tissue macrophages of a range of clinically healthy freshwater fish species, farmed in a range of culture systems in Thailand and Vietnam. Preliminary assessment was made of the clinical significance of the macrophage bacterial load. The aim of this work was to improve production in fresh-water aquaculture through the control of clinical bacterial disease and subclinical infection, and to identify management practices most effective in promoting fish health. [PDF contains 37 pages]

Indol als moglicher Indikator fur nicht einwandfreie hygiensiche Be- bzw. Verbarbeitung tropischer Garnelen

Indole concentrations of 114 samples of tropical shrimp, 3 samples of crayfish, and 3 samples of cold water crustaceans were determined. Cold water crustaceans contained less than 15 μg/kg indole, whereas crayfish contained between 62 and 123 μg indole/kg. In 81 samples (70 %) of tropical shrimp indole content was less than 50 μg/kg, but in 12 samples (11 %) indole content exceeded 250 μg/kg. Different batches of some products with high indole levels as well as of some products with low indole levels were analysed. Except for one sample high as well as low indole levels could be confirmed. Highest indole concentrations were determined in samples which origin was specified as South Pacific, Indo-Pacific, Malaysia, India and India/Vietnam

Aquaculture Asia, Vol.14, No.4, pp.1-52, October - December 2009

Sustainable aquaculture Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture Edwards, P. Mussel farming initiatives in North Kerala, India: A case of successful adoption of technology leading to rural livelihood transformation Laxmilatha, P., Thomas, S., Asokan, P.K., Surendranathan, V.G., Sivadasan, M.P., and Ramachandran, N.P. Selective study on the availability in indigenous fish species having ornamental value in some districts of West Bengal Panigrahi, A.K., Dutta, S. and Ghosh, I. Aquaculture livelihoods service centres in Aceh, Indonesia: A novel approach to improving the livelihoods of small scale fish farmers Ravikumar, B. and Yamamoto, K. Research and farming techniques e-Sagu Aqua - an innovative information and communication technology model for transfer of technology for aquaculture Vimala, D. D., Ravisankar, T., Mahalakshmi, P., and Kumaran, M. Freshwater pearl crop: an emerging enterprise in the Indian subcontinent Misra, G., Jena, J. and Kumar, K. Genetics and biodiversity Preliminary risk assessment of Pacific white leg shrimp (P. vannamei) introduced to Thailand for aquaculture Senanan, W., Panutrakul, S., Barnette, P., Chavanich, S., Mantachitr, V., Tangkrock-Olan, N., and Viyakarn, V. Farmer profile Aquatic animal health Asian fish health experts visit Australia Olsen, L. and Ingram, B. (Fisheries Victoria) Black gill disease of cage-cultured ornate rock lobster Panulirus ornatus in central Vietnam caused by Fusarium species Nha, V.V., Hoa, D.T. and Khoa, L.V. Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network Effects of the partial substitution fish oil by soybean oil in the diets on muscle fatty acid composition of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Hung, P.D. and Mao, N.D. Growth response of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Pisces: Rachycentridae) under the hypersaline conditions of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi Yousif, O.M.*, Kumar, K.K. and Abdul-Rahman, A.F.A. NACA Newsletter

Differenzierung von Pangasius (Pangasius hypophthalmus) und Asiatischem Rotflossenwels (Hemibagrus wyckioides) durch Protein- und DNA-Analyse

In the last years farmed Pangasius (Tra-Pangasius, Pangasius hypophthalmus) from Vietnam has reached a considerable market share, whereas aquaculture of Asian Redtail Catfish (Hemibagrus wyckioides) is in its infancy. Recently it has been detected by food control authorities in Hamburg, that Pangasius fillets have been mislabelled and sold as fillets produced from Asian Redtail catfish. The necessity to improve the analytical methods for differentiation of Pangasius and Redtail Catfish prompted us to evaluate the suitability of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and DNA-analysis for identification of the two species. IEF of water soluble proteins was found to be a fast, reliable and economical method for differentiation of raw fillets of Pangasius and Redtail Catfish, as long as reference material is available. PCR-based DNA analysis was performed as follows: (i) amplification of a 464 bp segment of the cytochrome b gene; (ii) sequencing of the PCR product; (iii) comparison of the sequence with entries in GenBank using BLAST. The sequences of both species differed considerably, allowing the unequivocal differentiation between P. hypophthalmus and H. wyckioides. Kurzfassung Pangasius (Schlankwels, Tra-Pangasius, Pangasius hypophthalmus) hat sich innerhalb weniger Jahre zu einem bedeutenden Zuchtfisch entwickelt, während die Aquakultur des Asiatischen Rotflossenwelses (Hemibagrus wyckioides) in Vietnam noch in einem relativ kleinen Maßstab stattfindet. Kürzlich wurde von der Lebensmittelüberwachung in Hamburg nachgewiesen, dass im Handel erhältliche Filets mit der Deklaration „Rotflossenwels“ aus Pangasius hergestellt worden waren. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden zwei Methoden auf ihre Eignung zur Differenzierung von Pangasius und Rotflossenwels geprüft. Es zeigte sich, dass sowohl die isoelektrische Fokussierung (IEF) wasserlöslicher Proteine als auch die PCR-basierte DNA-Analyse zur Unterscheidung beider Arten gut geeignet ist. Die IEF stellt eine schnelle und kostengünstige Untersuchungsmethode dar, die allerdings Referenzmaterial benötigt. Mit Hilfe der PCR (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion) wurde ein Abschnitt des Cytochrom b-Gens vervielfältigt und sequenziert. Die Sequenzen von P. hypophthalmus und H. wyckioides wiesen beträchtliche Unterschiede auf. Es wird diskutiert, wie sich durch Vergleich dieser Sequenzen mit Einträgen in Gendatenbanken unbekannte Proben beider Arten sicher zuordnen lassen.

Sobrevida em pacientes mulheres com câncer de pulmão em clínica especializada no Rio de Janeiro, 2000-2009

O câncer de pulmão é atualmente a neoplasia mais frequentemente diagnosticada, considerando ambos os sexos, e a principal causa de óbito por câncer em todo o mundo. A incidência e a mortalidade do câncer de pulmão vêm sendo influenciadas ao longo do tempo pela história do tabagismo e seus aspectos sócio-demográficos. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a sobrevida e fatores prognósticos em mulheres com câncer de pulmão assistidas em uma clínica especializada no Rio de Janeiro no período de 2000 a 2009. Foram analisadas 193 mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de pulmão confirmado por exame histopatológico. Os dados foram obtidos diretamente do sistema informatizado de registros médicos do referido serviço. A idade do diagnóstico foi categorizada em quatro faixas etárias: até 49 anos, 50 a 59 anos, 60 a 69 anos e maior de 70anos. O tabagismo foi categorizado como não fumante, ex-fumante, fumante e fumante passiva. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC). A classificação histológica seguiu a divisão entre tumores de células não-pequenas (CPCNP) e tumores de pequenas células (CPCP). O estadiamento clínico se baseou na classificação do American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) e Veterans Administration Lung Cancer Study Group (VALCSG) para os tumores de células não-pequenas e tumores de células pequenas, respectivamente. A modalidade de tratamento foi categorizada pela intenção da abordagem terapêutica em quatro grupos: controle, neoadjuvância, adjuvância e paliativa. Foram calculadas funções de sobrevida pelo método de Kaplan-Meier. Para os fatores prognósticos de risco, foram calculados os hazards ratios brutos e ajustados com intervalos de confiança de 95%, através do modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox. A idade média das pacientes foi de 63 anos. Destas, 47,7% eram fumantes, 26,9% não fumantes, 19,7% ex-fumantes e 3,6% fumantes passivas. Em relação ao estado nutricional, 2,6% das pacientes apresentavam IMC baixo peso, 52,8% normal, 29,5% sobrepeso e 15% obesidade. A maioria dos casos, 169 (87,6%) pacientes, foi classificado como câncer de pulmão de células não-pequenas (CPCNP). Apenas 24 casos (12,4%) foram de câncer de pequenas células (CPCP). Durante o período estudado ocorreram 132 óbitos; 114 por CPCNP e 18 por CPCP. O tempo mediano de sobrevida para toda a coorte foi de 23,2 meses (IC95%: 16,9-33,5). Quando os dados foram estratificados por classificação tumoral, a sobrevida mediana nas pacientes com diagnóstico de CPCNP foi de 18,2 meses (IC95%: 15,6-25,5) e para aquelas com CPCP foi de 10,3 meses (IC95%: 8,4-19,3). A sobrevida encontrada em 24 meses foi de 49% (IC95%: 42,25-56,9), sendo 22,95 (IC95%: 0,6-49,3) para os tumores de pequenas células e 50,29% (IC95%: 43,1-58,7) para os tumores de células não- pequenas. Para o total das pacientes, as curvas de sobrevida estratificadas pelas variáveis selecionadas mostraram diferenças em relação à idade do diagnóstico (p=0,0023) nas faixas etárias intermediárias de 50-59 anos e 60-69 anos, se comparadas com os limites extremos (as mais idosas e as mais jovens). Não houve diferenças para o status de tabagismo (p=0,1484) nem para o IMC (p=0,6230). Na análise multivariada para todos os tumores, nenhum fator prognóstico influenciou no risco de morte. A idade nas categorias intermediárias (50-59 anos e 60-69 anos) e o IMC na categoria sobrepeso mostraram uma tendência à proteção, porém, não houve significância estatística. Para o grupo de mulheres com CPCNP, o modelo de riscos proporcionais apontou diferença em relação ao estadiamento clínico, especificamente o estádio IV (HR=3,36, IC95%: 1,66-6,8; p=0,001). As pacientes com idade entre 50-59 anos e sobrepeso mostraram uma tendência à diminuição do risco, embora sem significância estatística. Esses resultados mostram a necessidade de conhecer melhor o perfil das mulheres que desenvolvem câncer de pulmão e de realizar pesquisas que investiguem de forma mais aprofundada as condições que influenciam a evolução clínica dos casos e assim contribuir para o aprimoramento da abordagem terapêutica.

Baile dos Horrores: A presença do grotesco e do horror num baile de carnaval do Rio de Janeiro

O trabalho aborda o baile dos Horrores, que acontecia no período pré-carnavalesco do Clube Magnatas de Futebol de Salão localizado na Rua General Belford no bairro do Rocha, subúrbio do Rio de Janeiro, de 1960 a 1988. Sua característica marcante foi o horror levado às últimas conseqüências, chamando a atenção da imprensa e provocavam mal estar em pessoas mais sensíveis. A dissertação busca discutir os motivos da presença desses elementos numa festa onde a alegria predomina. Procuramos, desse modo, associar o baile a um período do século XX em que as tensões ocasionadas por uma série de fatores (como a Segunda Guerra Mundial, a Guerra Fria e a Guerra do Vietnã, por exemplo) causavam os mais diversos temores com elementos nunca antes visto, como a bomba atômica, iniciando assim novo período onde as metamorfoses seguiam o caminho do terror. A ciência, por sua vez, aceleraria processos que teriam influencia em todos os campos da produção humana, inclusive, ou principalmente, nas artes

Community management of Mekong River resources in Laos

The Mekong River is one of Asia's greatest rivers. It is the lifeblood of millions of small-scale farmers and fishers in China, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), the river is particularly important because for the landlocked country, the Mekong is the Sea of Laos. In southern Lao PDR, fisheries for native fish species constitute an extremely important source of subsistence protein and income for local people. It has been estimated that wild-caught fish constitute at least 90% of the protein for lowland Laotians living next to the Mekong. Despite the extreme importance of fish to the diets and economics of communities along the Mekong, the resource, and the people who depend upon it, are in danger.