Report on Uganda Census of Agriculture vol. 1

The Census has been undertaken by the Department of Agriculture in conjunction with the Statistics Division of the Ministry of Planning and Community Development with technical assistance, in the form of experts and equipment, from the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.

an intuitive formal proof for deadline driven scheduler

United Nations University, Int. Inst. for Softw. Technol., China; Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam

高阶时段演算及其完备性

研究如何用时段演算来刻画程序的实时行为 .在实时程序设计里 ,程序变量被解释成时间的函数 .为了定义局部变量声明的语义 ,必须引进关于程序变量的量词 .因此 ,建立高阶时段演算是必要的 .首先建立了高阶时段演算理论 ,然后 ,用高阶时段演算去验证了一些程序的实时性质 ;最后 ,在假设所有程序变量均有穷可变的条件下 ,证明了高阶时段演算在抽象时间域上是完备的 .

Integration' in the US coastal zone management program

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the existing US Coastal Zone Management (CZM) program represents Integrated Coastal Management (ICM). The actions taken at Rio de Janeiro in June 1992 as part of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) could eventually impact the policies of the US in such a way as to encourage better integration of US coastal and ocean management efforts.

Rapid world wide depletion of predatory fish communities

Serious concerns have been raised about the ecological effects of industrialized fishing1, 2, 3, spurring a United Nations resolution on restoring fisheries and marine ecosystems to healthy levels4. However, a prerequisite for restoration is a general understanding of the composition and abundance of unexploited fish communities, relative to contemporary ones. We constructed trajectories of community biomass and composition of large predatory fishes in four continental shelf and nine oceanic systems, using all available data from the beginning of exploitation. Industrialized fisheries typically reduced community biomass by 80% within 15 years of exploitation. Compensatory increases in fast-growing species were observed, but often reversed within a decade. Using a meta-analytic approach, we estimate that large predatory fish biomass today is only about 10% of pre-industrial levels. We conclude that declines of large predators in coastal regions5 have extended throughout the global ocean, with potentially serious consequences for ecosystems5, 6, 7. Our analysis suggests that management based on recent data alone may be misleading, and provides minimum estimates for unexploited communities, which could serve as the ‘missing baseline’8 needed for future restoration efforts.

Tourism Potential of Agricultural Heritage Systems

Traditional agricultural systems are threatened world-wide mainly due to the introduction of modern agricultural techniques and the emigration of farm labourers from remote rural villages. The objective of the programme 'Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems' (GIAHS), initiated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations in 2002, is dynamic conservation of traditional agricultural systems. This article addresses the definition and content of agricultural heritage systems and discusses conservation options in the light of developing rural tourism. An explorative survey was conducted in Longxian village, situated in Zhejiang Province, southern China, focusing on the tourism potential of a typical Rice-Fish Agricultural System. The identification of heritage resources is a first step in the process of transforming an agricultural landscape into a cultural tourism landscape. However, the future of these landscapes is in the hands of a range of stakeholders and depends on their capacity to manage, in a sustainable way, tourism development strategies alongside conservation policies.

Research on storing raster metadata in spatial database

Storage of raster metadata is a key topic in spatial database. Although there are a few of abstract standards on raster metadata, there is not implement standard about it. This paper concludes three storage models implemented in current spatial databases and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. After that analyzing, the paper proposes a mixed storage method which is used the relational table to store structured metadata and used XML to store non-structured metadata, and gives its implementation solution. © 2010 IEEE.

Feeding behaviour of yaks on spring, transitional, summer and winter pasture in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Of the present estimated world population of 14.2 million yaks, approximately 13.3 million occur within Chinese territories (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003). Although there is an extensive bibliography covering the species, few studies have been conducted in the area of foraging behaviour. The present study was conducted at pasture during the spring, transitional, summer and winter seasons to determine the daily temporal patterns of grazing and ruminating behaviour by yaks. During each study period, two 24 h recordings were undertaken with each of six mature dairy yaks. One study period was conducted on each of the transitional, summer and winter pastures, whereas, due to the considerable changes occurring in the morphology of the spring pasture, three separate studies were completed during March, April and May. During the second of these studies (April), the effect of level of concentrate supplementation on grazing and ruminating behaviour was also examined. Behaviour recordings were made using solid-state behaviour recorders. Short-term intake rates (IR, g min(-1)) were calculated by weighing yaks before and after approximately 1 h of grazing, retaining the faeces and urine excreted and applying a correction for insensible weight loss. Yaks spent less time grazing during the dry season (the early period on the spring pasture) compared with the later green swards (the later period on the spring pasture, the transitional pasture and the summer pasture) (P < 0.05). When the forage quality improved, but there was still insufficient mass (the later period on the spring pasture), the yaks extended their grazing time at the expense of other activities. During the early periods on the spring pasture, the short-term IR by yaks was up to 53 g DM min(-1), significantly higher than at other times (P < 0.05). The level of concentrate offered had little or no effect on grazing or ruminating time. The total eating time of the yaks offered 0.5 or 1.0 kg concentrate was 2.9 and 4.5 h day(-1) respectively, significantly lower than unsupplemented yaks (6.8 h) (P < 0.05). In general, yaks can regulate their foraging behaviour according to the changes of sward conditions in order to achieve optimal grazing strategies. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Teores de flavonóides e polifenóis totais em genótipos diplóides de bananeira.

O Brasil destaca-se no mercado internacional como um dos maiores produtores de frutas. devido a sua grande diversidade climática, o país produz desde frutas adaptadas ao clima temperado até as tipicamente tropicais (Alves, 1999). A banana apresenta-se como destaque entre as fruteiras, devido ao seu valor nutritivo, baixo custo da produção, alta aceitação sensorial, facilidade de consumo in natura, além de ser cultivada em mais de 80 países tropicais. Por todos esses aspectos, a cultura da bananeira assume importância econômica e social em todo o mundo, principalmente entre os pequenos agricultores. Segundo a Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), o Brasil é o segundo produtor mundial desta cultura, tendo produzido 6,9 milhoes de toneladas em 2007, em um área aproximada de 509 mil hectares (FAO, 2009).

Avaliação do potencial de estabelecimento de projetos de Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL) de uso da terra, Mudança do Uso da Terra e Florestas (LULUCF) no município de Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ - Brasil.

O aumento da concentração de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) tem sido apontado como o principal agente de mudança nos processos dinâmicos da atmosfera, promovendo mudanças climáticas com ameaças à humanidade (IPCC, 2007). Em resposta aos problemas ambientais ligados às mudanças climáticas globais, a comunidade internacional adotou, em 1992, a Convenção Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (CQNUMC) - conhecida internacionalmente pela sigla UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. O Protocolo de Quioto, firmado em 1997, estabeleceu um acordo de metas globais coletivas para redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa dos países industrializados a cerca de 5% dos níveis observados em 1990, entre 2008 e 2012 (UNFCCC, 1998). O Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo - MDL é o mecanismo criado no Protocolo de Quioto que permite a participação dos países em desenvolvimento na venda de Reduções Certificadas de Emissões (RCE) para os países com metas de redução de GEE.

Iraq and world order: a Turkish perspective

G?l, Ayla. 'Iraq and world order: a Turkish perspective', in: 'The Iraq Crisis and World Order: Structural, Institutional and Normative Challenges', (Eds) Thakur, R., Sidhu, W. P. S., United Nations University Press, Hong Kong , pp.114-133, 2006 RAE2008

Insider Outsider issues in researching violence and divided societies

Breen Smyth, M. (2005). Insider Outsider issues in researching violence and divided societies. In E. Porter, G. Robinson, M. Smyth, A. Schnabel, and E. Osaghae (Eds.), Researching Conflict in Africa: Insights and Experiences (pp.9-23). Tokyo: United Nations University Press. RAE2008

Giving and Receiving: Nuruddin Farah's Gifts, or, the Postcolonial Logic of Third World Aid

Woods, T. (2003). Giving and Receiving: Nuruddin Farah's Gifts, or, the Postcolonial Logic of Third World Aid. Journal of Commonwealth Literature, 38 (1), 91-112.

Rola unijnych państw neutralnych w procesie budowy architektury bezpieczeństwa w Europie

Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa: Stosunki Międzynarodowe

Utrata bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego jako źródło wewnętrznych konfliktów zbrojnych w Darfurze

Zgodnie z definicją wypracowaną w ramach ONZ, bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe istnieje gdy ludzie mają nieprzerwanie zapewniony „fizyczny i ekonomiczny dostęp do wystarczającej, bezpiecznej i bogatej w składniki odżywcze żywności”. Artykuł wyjaśnia kształtowanie się koncepcji bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego oraz wyodrębnienie jego trzech wymiarów – tj. międzynarodowego, narodowego i odnoszącego się do gospodarstwa domowego. Celem jest analiza międzyplemiennych konfliktów i wojny domowej w Darfurze w kontekście rywalizacji o zasoby zapewniające bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe mieszkańcom tej sudańskiej prowincji.