931 resultados para Trigo mole
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2016
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O cultivo da mandioca tem um papel importante no Brasil, tanto como fonte de alimento, quanto como gerador de emprego e renda. A mandioca tem sua produção limitada pela incidência de doenças, como a podridão mole da raiz, que é uma doença limitadora. A obtenção de variedades resistentes é uma das formas de controle da doença e a identificação de características indicativas de resistência ao patógeno é uma ferramenta para auxiliar o melhoramento genético. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar se características morfológicas do conjunto súber mais córtex da raiz de mandioca estão associados à resistência ou suscetibilidade à podridão mole. Foram avaliadas três variedades resistentes e cinco suscetíveis à doença. A coleta das amostras foi realizada no município de Igarapé-Açu no Estado do Pará. Foram realizadas medições súber+córtex e do xilema. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelos testes de Scott-Knot (p>0,05).
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e comparar valores adaptativos dos biótipos de azevém (Lolium multiflorum) resistente e suscetível ao herbicida iodosulfuron e avaliar sua habilidade competitiva com o trigo (Triticum aestivum). Para avaliar o valor adaptativo, os biótipos foram semeados em vasos e coletados a cada 10 dias após a emergência, até os 80 dias. Em cada coleta, avaliaram-se estatura, área foliar e massa seca da parte aérea, e, a partir destas avaliações, foram calculadas variáveis indiretas para comparar o crescimento entre os biótipos. A habilidade competitiva foi determinada em experimento de série de substituição, tendo-se variado a proporção da cultura e do competidor. As proporções testadas foram: 100:0 (estande puro do trigo), 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 e 0:100% (estande puro do biótipo de azevém resistente ou suscetível); já as variáveis avaliadas foram área foliar e massa seca. Os resultados dos estudos comparativos de crescimento mostraram similaridade entre os biótipos de azevém resistente e suscetível ao iodosulfuron, o que não caracterizou efeito pleiotrópico decorrente da resistência. Quanto à habilidade competitiva, a competição interespecífica é prejudicial para o biótipo resistente, enquanto, para o biótipo suscetível, independe o competidor. A cultura do trigo mostra habilidade competitiva superior a dos biótipos de azevém resistente e suscetível.
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2015
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2016
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2016
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2016
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2016
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2016
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2016
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Foram conduzidos cinco experimentos em casa de vegetação, para determinação das doses e dos teores adequados e tóxicos de Zn no solo e na planta para as culturas de arroz de terras altas, feijão, milho, soja e trigo.
Synthesis of 4-arm star poly(L-Lactide) oligomers using an in situ-generated calcium-based initiator
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Using an in situ-generated calcium-based initiating species derived from pentaerythritol, the bulk synthesis of well-defined 4-arm star poly(L-lactide) oligomers has been studied in detail. The substitution of the traditional initiator, stannous octoate with calcium hydride allowed the synthesis of oligomers that had both low PDIs and a comparable number of polymeric arms (3.7 – 3.9) to oligomers of similar molecular weight. Investigations into the degree of control observed during the course of the polymerization found that the insolubility of pentaerythritol in molten L-lactide resulted in an uncontrolled polymerization only when the feed mole ratio of L-lactide to pentaerythritol was 13. At feed ratios of 40 and greater, a pseudo-living polymerization was observed. As part of this study, in situ FT-Raman spectroscopy was demonstrated to be a suitable method to monitor the kinetics of the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide. The advantages of using this technique rather than FT-IR-ATR and 1H NMR for monitoring L-lactide consumption during polymerization are discussed.
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This article provides an overview of a research project investigating contemporary literary representations of Melbourne’s inner and outer suburban spaces. It will argue that the city represented by local writers is an often more complex way of envisioning the city than the one presented in public policy and cultural discourses. In this view, the writer’s vision of a city does not necessarily override or provide a “truer’ account but it is in the fictional city where the complexity of the everyday life of a city is most accurately portrayed. The article will also provide an overview of the theoretical framework for reading the fictional texts in this way, examining how Soja’s concept of Thirdspace (2006) provides a place to engage “critically with theoretical issues, while simultaneously being that space where the debate occurs” (Mole 2008: 3).
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CDKN2A, the gene encoding the cell-cycle inhibitor p16CDKN2A, was first identified in 1994. Since then, somatic mutations have been observed in many cancers and germline alterations have been found in kindreds with familial atypical multiple mole/melanoma (FAMMM), also known as atypical mole syndrome. In this review we tabulate the known mutations in this gene and discuss specific aspects, particularly with respect to germline mutations and cancer predisposition.
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The CDKN2A gene encodes p16 (CDKN2A), a cell-cycle inhibitor protein which prevents inappropriate cell cycling and, hence, proliferation. Germ-line mutations in CDKN2A predispose to the familial atypical multiple-mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome but also have been seen in rare families in which only 1 or 2 individuals are affected by cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). We therefore sequenced exons 1alpha and 2 of CDKN2A using lymphocyte DNA isolated from index cases from 67 families with cancers at multiple sites, where the patterns of cancer did not resemble those attributable to known genes such as hMLH1, hMLH2, BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53 or other cancer susceptibility genes. We found one mutation, a mis-sense mutation resulting in a methionine to isoleucine change at codon 53 (M531) of exon 2. The individual tested had developed 2 CMMs but had no dysplastic nevi and lacked a family history of dysplastic nevi or CMM. Other family members had been diagnosed with oral cancer (2 persons), bladder cancer (1 person) and possibly gall-bladder cancer. While this mutation has been reported in Australian and North American melanoma kindreds, we did not observe it in 618 chromosomes from Scottish and Canadian controls. Functional studies revealed that the CDKN2A variant carrying the M531 change was unable to bind effectively to CDK4, showing that this mutation is of pathological significance. Our results have confirmed that CDKN2A mutations are not limited to FAMMM kindreds but also demonstrate that multi-site cancer families without melanoma are very unlikely to contain CDKN2A mutations.