Model-driven software adaptation:report on the workshop M-ADAPT at ECOOP 2007

This first edition of the workshop Model-driven Software Adaptation (M-ADAPT'07) took place in the Technische Universität Berlin with the International Conference ECOOP'07 in the beautiful and buzzing city of Berlin, on the 30th of July, 2007. The workshop was organized by Gordon Blair, Nelly Bencomo, and Robert France. Participants explored how to develop appropriate model-driven approaches to model, analyze, and validate the volatile properties of the behaviour of adaptive systems and its environments. This report gives an overview of the presentations as well as an account of the fruitful discussions that took place at M-ADAPT'07. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Mapping of the Eltanin impact area in the South-East Pacific

Two Polarstern expeditions were conducted in 1995 (ANT-XII/4) and 2001 (ANT-XVIII/5a) to the Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea and the suspected Eltanin meteorite impact in the SE-Pacific. A survey of the sediment distribution and its acoustic structure along the cruise track was performed. The seafloor topography was sampled using the multibeam sonar system Hydrosweep DS2 which operates on a frequency of 15.5 kHz. The resulting AWI Bathymetric Chart of the Eltanin Meteorite Impact Area is based on a Digital Terrain Model of this area. The mapping was performed using ArcGIS. The Eltanin impact area which covers the 4.100 m high Freden Seamount is visualized by one overview sheet of the scale 1:200,000 and four 1:100,000 subsheets.

Heavy mineral investigations from surface sediments of the East Greenland continental margin

During the expeditions ARK-VII/1, ARK-VII/3 and ARK-Xl2 sediment cores were taken by "RV Polarstern" from the shelf and the fjords of East Greenland and the Greenland Sea. The magnetic susceptibility and heavy mineral were determined at 48 surface sediment samples from undisturbed box cores. The main objective of this study was the identification of source areas and transport processes of terrigenous sediments at the East Greenland continental margin. The results can be summarized as lollows: 1a) Magnetic susceptibility in the North Atlantic is useful to detect delivery regions of the material transported by currents. b) The magnetic susceptibility is controlled by the ferromagnetic particles of the silt fraction. c) There are four important source areas: . The ferromagnetic particles of the box core PS2644-2 are transported from the Iceland Archipelago. . The material from the Geiki-Plateau effects the magnetic susceptibility in the Scoresby Sund Basin. . The magnetic susceptibility in the shelf regions in the North are produced by material from the fjords. . The ferromagnetic particles in the Greenland Sea are derived from the Mid Atlantic Ridges in the east. d) It is possible to determine the rock type, which delivers the ferromagnetic material because of differences in magnetic susceptibility of different intensity. . The erosion of the basalts of the Geiki-Plateau and the basalts of the Mid Atlantic ridges produce the high magnetic susceptibility in the south. . The magnetic susceptibility on the shelf in the north are probably produced by erosionproducts of the gneises of East Greenland. (2a) Heavy mineral assemblages show a significant difference between material transported by the Transpolar Drift from the Eurasian shelf regions (amphiboles, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene) and material derived from East Greenland (garnets and opaque minerals). Transport via ice is dominant. b) lt is also possible to show different petrographic provenances (volcanic and metamorphic provenances). These associations verify the source areas. c) The information of heavy mineral composition gives no more detailed hint on the rock type or rock formation in the source area, due to mixing processes, large area of investigation and the sample quantity.

The Lena River Delta - Land cover classification of tundra environments based on Landsat 7 ETM+ data and its application for upscaling of methane emissions

The Lena River Delta, situated in Northern Siberia (72.0 - 73.8° N, 122.0 - 129.5° E), is the largest Arctic delta and covers 29,000 km**2. Since natural deltas are characterised by complex geomorphological patterns and various types of ecosystems, high spatial resolution information on the distribution and extent of the delta environments is necessary for a spatial assessment and accurate quantification of biogeochemical processes as drivers for the emission of greenhouse gases from tundra soils. In this study, the first land cover classification for the entire Lena Delta based on Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) images was conducted and used for the quantification of methane emissions from the delta ecosystems on the regional scale. The applied supervised minimum distance classification was very effective with the few ancillary data that were available for training site selection. Nine land cover classes of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in the wetland dominated (72%) Lena Delta could be defined by this classification approach. The mean daily methane emission of the entire Lena Delta was calculated with 10.35 mg CH4/m**2/d. Taking our multi-scale approach into account we find that the methane source strength of certain tundra wetland types is lower than calculated previously on coarser scales.

Sedimentology, geochemistry and ostracodes from Lake Ohrid

Ancient Lake Ohrid, located in the southern Balkan Peninsula in Macedonia and Albania is characterized by a high degree of endemism and it is considered to be the oldest lake in Europe. But its exact age (between one and ten million years) and also its origin are so far not known. To unravel these uncertainties an ICDP (International Continental Scientific Drilling Program) drilling project (Scientific Collaboration On Past Speciation Conditions in Ohrid (SCOPSCO)), started in April 2013. In addition to the investigations about the age and origin, other paleolimnological studies, e.g., the reconstruction of past climate and of past lake level changes, should be performed with the drilled cores. Used proxies in such paleolimnological studies are, e.g., ostracodes because they respond sensitively to environmental changes but an accurate knowledge of their preferences and tolerances to specific environmental conditions is necessary for this purpose. So far, this knowledge about the, mostly endemic, Ohrid ostracodes was limited. Thus, within the framework of this thesis, ostracodes and a multiplicity of environmental data were collected in Lake Ohrid and its adjacent waters during four field campaigns. In a total of 47 ostracode species could be detected in the entire study area and 32 of them were found alive in Lake Ohrid. Multivariate statistic identified that water depth, salinity, conductivity, pH, and dissolved oxygen were the main determining factors for ostracode distribution in the entire study area. In Lake Ohrid, the distribution was mainly controlled by water depth, water temperature, and pH. Some ostracodes were identified as strong indicator species for important environmental variables, e.g., water temperature and water depth. A distinctive feature of Lake Ohrid was the finding of the ostracode genus Amnicythere whose species normally inhabit oligo-(meso-)haline waters and this could point to a marine origin of the lake. So far, the specialized endemic ostracodes show the highest abundances and the greatest spatial distribution in Lake Ohrid but during the sampling eight widespread species were found for the first time in the lake. They inhabited mainly the northern part of the lake, where two cities are located and industry and agriculture play a major role, and they were limited to water depths above 50 m and this could be an evidence for an increasing anthropogenic pressure because widespread ostracode species often replace endemic species. To unravel the human impact on Lake Ohrid during the last decades short sediment cores were taken and the multi-proxy study indicated that the lake productivity between the early 1920s and the late 1980s was relatively low. Diatom assemblages indicate a rising productivity in the southern part of Lake Ohrid since the mid 1970s and geochemical proxies and ostracodes point to an increasing productivity since the late 1980s in the southern and in the northern part. A slight increase in the productivity continued until 2009. Noticeable is the fact that since the early 1990s, the increasing productivity and the increasing concentrations of heavy metals correspond to a decreasing number of ostracodes in the northern part of Lake Ohrid. Perhaps, this indicates that living conditions in this lake part became less favorable for the mostly endemic ostracode species. Furthermore, the sediment samples from the cores show relatively high concentrations of arsenic, iron, and nickel. Fluctuations in ostracode assemblages from three longer sediment cores, the longest spans approximately 136 ka, taken in Lake Ohrid, correspond to fluctuations in the productivity, in the carbonate content, of the lake level, and of climate changes. Between the marine isotope stage (MIS) 6 and MIS 2 the number of ostracode valves is very low or the valves were completely absent. This corresponds to a low lake productivity, a low carbonate content, and a low lake level. At the onset of the Holocene, the number of valves increased markedly and this correlates with an increased productivity and carbonate content and a warmer climate. But during the Little Ice Age (LIA), the number of valves dropped again and species which prefer warmer waters disappeared completely. This drop corresponds also to a low productivity. After the LIA, the number of species increased again but since 1895 AD a strong and abrupt decrease is visible. A reason for this could be an increase in the heavy metal concentrations.

Trace metal investigations in the fjords of Kiel Bight, Western Baltic Sea - data report of 1977/78

This data report includes the analytical results of about 220 water wamples collected at 33 stations in the Fjords of Kiel ,...

Modulare Logistiksysteme in der Prozessindustrie unter Einbeziehung von Industrie 4.0

Zur Gewährleistung einer kundenindividuellen, flexiblen Produktion, welche auch kleine Losegrößen kostengünstig produzieren kann, werden zukünftig Fabriken der Prozessindustrie nicht nur modular sondern darüber hinaus mobil sein. Zur Erreichung dieses Zieles werden neben Produktionselemente, auch sämtliche Logistikkomponenten in Containern zu Modulen zusammengefasst. Hierfür ist es notwendig Lager, aber auch komplexe Verpackungsmaschinen, zu konzipieren welche sich zusammen mit Produktionsmodulen, nach dem Plug-and-Produce-Prinzip, zu kompletten Produktionslinien verknüpfen lassen. Die Steuerung und Organisation erfolgt nach den Gedanken von Industrie 4.0.

Värdeflödesanalys och Data Envelopment Analysis : En fallstudie för att värdera effektiviteten hos ett logistikföretag

Companies face new challenges almost every day. In order to stay competitive, it is important that companies strive for continuous development and improvement. By describing companies through their processes it is possible to get a clear overview of the entire operation, which can contribute, to a well-established overall understanding of the company. This is a case study based on Stort AB which is a small logistics company specialized in international transportation and logistics solutions. The purpose of this study is to perform value stream mapping in order to create a more efficient production process and propose possible improvements in order to reduce processing time. After performing value stream mapping, data envelopment analysis is used to calculate how lean Stort AB is today and how lean the company can become by implementing the proposed improvements. The results show that the production process can improve efficiency by minimizing waste produced by a bad workplace layout and over-processing. The authors suggested solution is to introduce standardized processes and invest in technical instruments in order to automate the process to reduce process time. According to data envelopment analysis the business is 41 percent lean at present and may soon become 55 percent lean and finally reach an optimum 100 percent lean mode if the process is automated.

Untersuchungen Gewichtsreduktionspotentiale Gegengewichtsgabelstapler

Die Masse eines Gegengewichtstaplers beeinflusst den Energieverbrauch beim Fahren maßgeblich. Steigende Energiepreise und steigendes Umweltbewusstsein führen zu grünen Trends in Logistik. Durch Reduktion der Gesamtmasse eines Gabelstaplers können große Einsparungen erreicht werden. Eine Machbarkeitsstudie soll mithilfe der numerischen Simulationen zeigen, dass neuartige Fahrzeuge mit aktiven Systemen trotz geringerer Masse hinreichend hohe Standsicherheit aufweisen können. In diesem Beitrag sollen die ersten Ergebnisse dieses Forschungsvorhabens vorgestellt werden.

Flexible Automatisierung logistischer Prozesse durch modulare Roboter

Die Automatisierung logistischer Prozesse stellt aufgrund dynamischer Prozesseigenschaften und wirtschaftlicher Anforderungen eine große technische Herausforderung dar. Es besteht der Bedarf nach neuartigen hochflexiblen Automatisierungs- und Roboterlösungen, die in der Lage sind, variable Güter zu handhaben oder verschiedene Prozesse bzw. Funktionalitäten auszuführen. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrages wird die Steigerung der Flexibilität anhand von zwei konkreten Beispielen aus den Bereichen Stückguthandhabung und Materialflusstechnik adressiert.

Einsatz hochmodularer Faserseile in fördertechnischen Anwendungen

Hochmodulare Faserseile bieten dem Anwender gegenüber Drahtseilen eine Reihe von Vorteilen, die einen Einsatz in fördertechnischen Anwendungen sinnvoll erscheinen lassen. Um die Einsatzmöglichkeiten hochmodularer Faserseile zu erforschen hat das Institut für Fördertechnik und Logistik (IFT) mehrere Forschungsprojekte im Bereich der laufenden hochmodularen Faserseile und Endverbindung durchgeführt.