997 resultados para Orçamento público, Brasil, 2014


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This article consists on an analysis of dissertations and thesis on Participatory Budget (PB) in post-graduation courses in Brazil (from the CAPES data bank), from 2000 to 2009. It also makes the evolution of works explicit, the institutions where they were carried out, and the area in which they were produced. Results show that the Participatory Budget has not been often evaluated, understood and explained in terms of its finance and budget technical dimension, in spite of there are two decades studies have been carried out regarding this method on budget management in Brazil. Finally, the importance of understanding aspects on PB must be taken into consideration when carrying out new studies.

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Studies about cooperation between Portugal, Brazil and Angola are recent and controversial, mainly when we see them from the perspective of democratic countries, Republicans and capitalists. From the middle of this decade to this current date, that triangular relationship historic brought many important issues to international geopolitics, particularly those involving the Southern Cone of America and Africa. In that play of interests, the strategicdiplomatic and cultural universities’ role, of the civil society organizations, enterprises and institutions with mixed capital is too important because they are who forged the new Angolan group leader as the nation-state need contribution of human resources, scientific, technological and cultural order to consolidate their position as a regional power in southern Africa.

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Considerando número expressivo de alunos matriculados nas diferentes etapas e modalidades de ensino no Brasil e o que estabelece a Constituição Federal de 1988, sobre a incumbência do Poder Público de promover a Educação Ambiental em todos os níveis de escolarização, pretendemos analisar, neste artigo, aspectos referentes aos marcos legais e às orientações pedagógicas da Educação Ambiental em nosso país. Tomamos como referência a perspectiva de alguns autores brasileiros que estudam o tema e analisamos as principais diretrizes legais da Educação Ambiental no Brasil e as recomendações dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais referentes a Meio Ambiente. Diante dos sérios problemas ambientais que enfrentamos, acreditamos que a Educação Ambiental pode contribuir para transformações nos indivíduos e na sociedade. Defendemos, também, a importância da pesquisa em Educação Ambiental e consideramos que o conhecimento gerado pela pesquisa pode oferecer subsídios para ações que promovam mudanças capazes de garantir um planeta ambientalmente seguro e saudável.

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Thinking about improving public education in Brazil means thinking not just what we wish to develop competencies and skills in individuals, but understands clearly identify the type of citizens who are training and what kind of society we want for the future. So if there are social and cultural changes they should have their comtraponto within the classroom considering education steeped in culture and therefore in the forms of modern communication. The challenge for school education is to show the students inside the classroom, as will be outside.

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Thinking about improving public education in Brazil means thinking not only on what we wish to develop, skills and abilities in individuals, but understand and clearly identify the type of citizens we are devoloping and what kind of society we want for the future. In this context it is important to note that the practice in the classroom today can not be considered without regard to education steeped in culture and, therefore, in the forms of modern communication. So if there is a crisis in education, it can not be solved only within the classroom. The challenge for school education is to show students within the classroom how they will be out of school. Quality education is a blueprint for the future, to the unknown, to a world we do not know now. In this sense, to direct the education only for the labor market is a mistake, because the market is so today, but may be another in ten or fifteen years. Precisely because we do not know what are the requirements for citizens of the future, we must focus on what is essential in the formation of our youth. Is essential then to understand the ideas, learn to discuss them, argue and learn to recognize the role of technology in social and cultural evolution of mankind.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Gender relationships focusing on homages to the women of Assis (a town in the center-western region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil) between 1959 and 1994, are discussed. Homages, expressed in monuments, street names, city squares, schools, libraries, Cultural Centers and other places, are based on the activities of women who benefitted the community. They feature lawyers, politicians, journalists, teachers and common citizens that exceeded their personal limitations and conquered a place acknowledged by society (politically invested) so that their names may be inscribed in the city´s public places. However, acknowledgement of female contributions in the construction of the city is not projected at the same pace or speed as that of males who compose the gallery of ‘remembered men’. This fact brings forth the following questions: If the naming of public places were for decades based on gender, what had changed by the end of the 1950s for such a redefinition? What is the true meaning of such homages? Who are these women and what do they represent?

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Quality of municipal public spending on primary education in Brazil. The focus of this paper was to analyze the relationship between municipal public education spending and students' academic achievement, evaluated according to IDEB (Index of Basic Education Development) of 2005. The following databases were used: School Census 2005, Brazil Exam (mathematics evaluation applied to students from fourth grade of elementary school) and Finance of Brazil (FINBRA). A multilevel model was estimated and the results suggest that simply increasing the percentage of municipal expenditures on education or the percentage of spending on primary education in relation to municipal expenditures on education do not automatically guarantee improvements in the quality of education.

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Este artigo apresenta evidências das mudanças que estão se processando no aparato atacadista público de alimentos no Brasil abordando a evolução, as características atuais e as funções da estrutura atacadista do sistema brasileiro de abastecimento. O texto aborda algumas considerações sobre o contexto histórico vivido no momento de criação do Sistema Nacional de Abastecimento (Sinac) nos anos 70 e a emergência de novos modelos para os mercados atacadistas a partir dos anos 80. É realizada uma análise com base na observação dos dados coletados junto a 29 centrais de abastecimento públicas brasileiras em 2009 com informações sobre origem e destino dos hortigranjeiros comercializados nesses entrepostos a partir de uma amostra significativa. Os padrões sistêmicos podem ser observados através de dois aspectos: o desempenho da atividade econômica dos principais entrepostos atacadistas brasileiros e as funções remanescentes de reunião e distribuição da produção local e regional. Pretendemos demonstrar que o grupo de centrais públicas de abastecimento é bastante heterogêneo e que, de maneira geral, a dinâmica do seu crescimento é estabelecida de fora para dentro , sendo que muitos destes equipamentos não mais exercem papéis centrais como executores de políticas públicas voltadas para o abastecimento.

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